Energy is the basic necessity of all humans on Earth. It is a key factor that determines the economy of the country. Energy business in India is vastly growing with demand. It aims in exploring opportunities for sustainable growth, development and economy. It brings awareness on energy saving, energy efficiency through their projects. This paper finally concludes giving the Energy saving techniques to be incorporated in all the sectors to curb the power crisis situation in current Indian scenario.

1. Presented by:
M.H. Mohamed Shuaib

3.  1. Abstract
 2. Keywords
 3. Introduction
 4. Indian Energy Sector – An Insight
 5. Basics of Energy Conservation
 6. Energy Crisis Management
 7. Energy Saving Techniques – Domestic Sector
 8. Energy Saving Techniques – Industrial Sector
 9. Energy Saving Techniques – Commercial Sector
 10. Methods and Tools
 11. Conclusion
 References
 Acknowledgement

4.  Abstract-This technical paper aims to describe the
different ways
• To develop energy
• To utilize it efficiently in all sectors
• To save energy in the present situation
• To promote awareness in reducing emission of CO2
and its effect on global warming.
• To prevent the depletion of ozone layer and its
adverse effect on planet Earth.
 2. Keywords-Global warming, awareness, sustainable,
opportunities, development, economy, techniques,
efficiency, productivity, consumption, strategy,
harnessing, management, campaign.

5. Energy is the basic necessity of all humans on Earth. It
is a key factor that determines the economy of the
country. The Indian energy sector can be broadly
classified into 3 major sectors namely Domestic
sector, Industrial sector and Commercial sector. In all
these sectors energy wasted is greatly noticed.
Practically if we reduce the wastage of energy we can
enrich the energy system and improve productivity.
While we save energy, we ultimately save money..
Energy business in India is vastly growing with
demand. It aims in exploring opportunities for
sustainable growth, development and economy. It
brings awareness on energy saving, energy efficiency
through their projects.
This paper finally concludes giving the Energy saving
techniques to be incorporated in all the sectors to curb
the power crisis situation in current Indian scenario.

6. India is a nation having 18% of the total world’s
population but uses only 6% of the total energy
produced. The Indian Energy Sector is one of the
largest power sectors in the world with a low per
capita energy consumption of approximately 750
kWH against the rest of the world having 2500kWH.
India operates on a large scale with upgraded energy
networks. To meet the growing demands with the
recent developments in India, the Indian energy
sector has explored different ways of harnessing
energy and increased the capacity by adding new
projects. New reforms in the energy sector revolution
paved way for private energy bodies to develop and
contribute to the existing energy capacity. However
the increasing population, rapid urbanization and fast
developments caused the energy sector to fail in
meeting the demands resulting in energy shortage
throughout India in spite of so many efforts.

7. Hence we rely on other countries for meeting our
energy requirements. It has therefore become an
hour of need to conserve energy to reduce demand
through energy saving techniques in all sectors in
this present situation. It is understood that 40% of the
total energy requirement is met in rural areas by
using non-commercial fuels such as wood, crop
waste, animal waste etc… instead of depending on
commercial fuels like coal, petroleum and gas. With
the Energy saving techniques emphasized,
harnessing energy sources should go hand in hand to
meet the demand. The Renewable energy sources
such as Wind, Solar, Geothermal, Tidal, and Bio-mass
can be tapped to increase the existing capacity.

9. i) What is Energy Saving Technique (EST)?
In simple terms Energy Saving means Energy
Conservation. And Energy Conservation means
utilizing energy efficiently and storing it for
future use.
ii) What is meant by Energy Efficiency?
Energy efficiency is the approach of controlling
and reducing energy consumption without
compromising the demands of society. A system
is more energy efficient if it delivers more useful
work for the same amount of energy input or the
same useful work for less energy input. An
example is a CFL bulb that uses less energy than
a incandescent bulb to produce the same amount
of light. Here the CFL is considered to be more
energy efficient.

10. iii) What are the Benefits and Challenges of Energy
Conservation?
o Energy conservation helps reduce the usage of Fossil fuels
o Reduces the emission of Green house gases
o Prevents depletion of Ozone layer
o Reduces environmental pollution
o Helps prevent climate change due to Global warming
o Reduces EB bills and saves money
o Paves way for harnessing new Renewable sources of energy
o Helps Industry, Agriculture and Transport sectors to use
modern technology energy efficient equipments
o Eventually reduces the per capita energy consumption
globally.
o Saves cost on new projects investments
o Prevents cutting down of trees and keeps Earth green
o Provides Challenge to Industrial sector to cut down cost on
energy consumed by replacing all old machineries with the
modern energy efficient ones.

11. We need to derive strategies for optimizing the
energy resources by reduced demand and
reduced cost. The Energy crisis can be well
managed through Energy Waste Management.
The steps involved are
 Less dependent on Fossil Fuels and Non-
renewable energy sources.
 Exploring, exploiting and harnessing clean
renewable energy sources.
 Energy conservation through efficient utilization
and storage.
 Habitual adaptation of oneself to the new energy
saving techniques and innovations.
 Taking responsibility for minimum usage of
power and no wastages.

12.  Conduct National Energy Campaign to bring
awareness among people from “Top to Bottom” on
energy wastage and how to save energy to save the
nation.
 Making Posters of DO’s and Don'ts on energy
wastage and how to prevent it.
 EB Assessors during their visit monthly for Energy
billing can visit people in the house and enlighten
them on the energy wasted and give them simple
tips on energy saving.
 Distributing hands out on “Energy Saving
Techniques” to all during their visits to EB for
paying bill.
 Fixing “Energy Monitors” in each house to know the
nature of consumption.

15. At present 40% of the energy is used by Domestic
Sector. Energy is used in the domestic sector for
cooking, processing and for human comfort. Urban
homes use gas for cooking and electricity for other
energy requirements. The possible energy saving
techniques that can be adopted in domestic sector is
listed below.
1. Switch “OFF” lights when not in use.
2. Replace ordinary bulbs with tube lights, LED lights
and CFLs to save 70% of the EB bill.
3. Replace choke with electronic ballast to reduce
power consumption up to 20%
4. Avoid focus lamps when not required
5. Clean the dust of your lamps and tube lights
regularly.

16. 6. Slim tube lights can be used in the place of normal
conventional type to cut down the EB bill by 50%
7. Use natural light of the sun during the day through proper
ventilation.
8. Use timers or photo cells to turn “OFF” lights during day
with outdoor applications.
9. Incorporate dimmers, sensors to switch “OFF” lights with
indoor application
10. Unless otherwise required do not use ACs. Instead use
fan or high ceilings for proper ventilation in the entire
house for fresh air movement.
11. Install Solar water heaters in place of the normal electric
heaters and set temperature of 50°C instead of 60°C so
that a 10°C difference would result in 18% energy saving.
12. Plant trees around the house to keep the surrounding
cool.

17. 13. Use ACs with timer so that it switches “OFF”
automatically.
14. Clean the air filters regularly to cool the room quickly
and to use less energy.
15. Service your ACs during summer for Freon level, to get
better cooling and comfort, as the AC becomes the base to
beat the summer heat. Keep it off during the entire winter.
16. Seal the gaps of the windows and doors to avoid AC loss.
17. Try to use air coolers in summer to the much extent
possible instead of AC.
18. Use split ACs instead of Window ACs as they are more
energy efficient and consumes less power.
19. Have your refrigerator and freezer temperature set right
with appreciable difference between them. Keeping just 2-
3 degrees difference will result in 25% more energy
consumption.

18. 20. Use microwave oven instead of the conventional oven as
they use 50% less energy than the required
21. Use washing machine with full load as each cycle uses
40-50 liters of water. Wash clothes periodically to save
power and water too.
22. Get the help of the laundry for heavy loads as it will cost
you less than going for many cycles with a light load
washing machine.
23. Avoid leaks especially with the hot water pipes to reduce
the energy and water.
24. A computer running a whole day uses more power than a
refrigerator, so shut down your computer and use it only
when necessary. This reduces wear and tear of
components and saves energy.
25. Set your computers and printers in “Sleep mode” when
not in use. This helps cut down the energy cost by 40%.

19. 26. Turn “OFF” the monitor even with the computer “ON” as
the monitor is the one consuming half of the system’s
energy.
27. Replace conventional regulators with electronic
regulators for ceiling fan.
28. Use television only when you wish to watch. Don’t leave
it “ON” condition instead put it in “Standby mode” as this
save energy. Better switch it “OFF” for more energy
efficient
29. Big TV costs more and uses more energy. The smaller
one costs less and uses less energy. So use a 32’ LCD
instead of 42’ LED which reduces the power consumption
to half.
30. In transport, for optimum fuel efficiency run the car at a
speed of 60KMPH. Switch to electric cars as the fossil fuel
petroleum is getting exhausted.

21. The Industrial sector represents all Production, Processing
of goods, manufacturing, construction, Agriculture, water
treatment, mining, transport etc…Industrial sector
consumes 33% of the total energy produced. It uses both
heat energy and electrical energy for boilers, furnaces,
compressors, diesel engines, motors, pumps, refrigerators
etc… Industry is a diversified complex environment and
deriving strategies for achieving energy saving in industry
is quite different to those of other sectors.
1. Install multi speed motor
2. Motor should be energy efficient.
3. Use variable frequency drives for speed control
4. Select pumps of right capacity as per requirement to avoid
large wastage of energy.
5. Use pumps in series and parallel for running when
required as per the load instead of running one large
pump for partial load and wasting energy.

22. 6. Replace cloggy V- belts with new one and avoid loose
belts that can cause energy wastage.
7. Use of compressors should be limited to particular
application. Using compressed air for cleaning is
unjustified.
8. Avoid air leaks through pipe lines connected to
compressor to prevent energy wastage.
9. Improve boiler and furnace efficiency by controlling air
supply, removing soot deposits, removing heat from
steam condensate, using treated water, stopping steam
leakage and maintaining steam pipe insulating etc...
10. Reduce HVAC operating hours to reduce electrical,
heating and cooling requirements.
11. Eliminate HVAC usage in vestibules and unoccupied
space.
12. Avoid air leaks in duct system. This could save 10-15%
of energy.

23. 13. Implement “Energy Management System” to optimize
and adjust HVAC operations based on environmental
conditions, changing uses and timings.
14. Implementation of “Load Management Program” to
reduce maximum demand, power loss, better equipment
utilization and saving through reduced maximum demand
charges.
15. Loading shifting to reduce customer demand during
peak periods and to have appliances and equipments used
during off-peak periods.
16. Installation of “Maximum Demand Controllers” to caution
on the use of high power during a particular period and to
reduce unnecessary loads during such periods.
17. Improving “Power factor” by installing capacitor banks on
the load side to reduce KVA demand and line losses within
the plant.
18. Use of “Diesel Gen Sets” as an alternate source of power
to narrow the gap between demand and supply.

25. Energy saving in multi-storied commercial complexes like
the retail shops, offices, government buildings, schools,
hotels, hospitals, malls, IT parks is one major challenge
faced by the power companies. Lighting consumption is
about 50-60% and HVAC is about 30-35%.
1. Reduced energy use for buildings.
2. Install and maintain energy efficient equipments.
3. Reduce HVAC operating hours.
4. Seal off unused areas to eliminate the heating and
cooling in these areas..
5. Avoid air leaks in duct system. This could save 10-15%
of energy.
6. Install programmable thermostats for better control of
heating and air conditioning.

26. 7. Implement “Energy Management System” to optimize
HVAC operations.
8. Install motion sensors in conference rooms, closets, rest
rooms and bed rooms. It can reduce lighting costs up to
40%.
9. A computer running idle the whole day is just waste of
power. So shut down your computer and use it only when
required. This reduces wear and tear of components and
saves energy.
10. Set your computers and copiers in “Sleep mode” when
not in use. This helps cut down the energy cost by 40%.
11. Turn “OFF” the monitor even if you want the computer
to be “ON” as the monitor is the one consuming half of the
system’s energy.
12. Janitors together can clean one floor at a time to save
lighting power instead of each cleaning different floors.

27.  Periodic Energy Audit
 Selecting Energy efficient equipments and
appliances for use
 Proper Capacity
 Proper Ambient
 Good Operation & Maintenance
 Practice 3Rs – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
 Use Cogeneration equipments for electricity and
heating.
 Operators need to adopt efficient methods, cost
effective mechanisms, and sensible techniques to
conserve energy and protect environment
 Awareness of Energy Conservation measures
 Sequence of operations.

28.  Since long time energy conservation has been
recognized as a national priority for saving energy
and resources for future use.
 Lack of strong steps, seriousness, energy saving
knowledge and self determination among individuals
has led to the failure of the country in achieving its
target.
 Individuals and Organizations should strive to save
energy in order to reduce costs, improve economy
and protect the environment.
 Industrial and commercial sector in particular need to
find out solutions to optimize efficiency, maximize
profits and reduce emissions.
 As energy conservation plays a vital role in reducing
climate change, it is time we switch to clean and new
Renewable Energy Systems and add credit to the
same.
SAVE ENERGY SAVE LIFE

30.  “Energy Conservation Hand book” – UREDA
 Journal on “Indian Energy Scenario and Energy
Conservation Opportunities in Different Sectors”
by Mallikarjun Hudedmani & Vishwanath
Mahantayya
 Article on “Energy Saving Techniques and
Renewable Energy” by Fransisco Fransisco

31. I acknowledge the great work of all authors.