Morality

1. Lectured by:
Mut Somoeun, M.Ed
KHM 140: Khmer Culture

2. 
 The term “morality” can be used either
 descriptively to refer to some codes of conduct put forward
by a society or some other group, such as a religion, or
accepted by an individual for own behavior
 normatively to refer to a code of conduct that, given
specified conditions, would be put forward by all rational
persons.
Definitions of Morality

3. 
 Other meanings of Morality:
 Principles concerning the distinction between right and
wrong or good and bad behavior
 A particular system of values and principles of conduct
 Advices which guide or educate people to behave properly
by avoiding the bad in order to seek human dignity and
prosperity in society
Definitions of Morality

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 
Confucian Virtue
Principles

8. 
 Key Roles/ Duties:
 Preventing children from doing any bad acts
 Encouraging children to do good deeds
 Encouraging & supporting children to educations
 Arranging & supporting children in getting married
 Allocating properties as possible as they can
Virtues of Parents to Children (គុណធម៌)

9. 
 Loving-kindness (មមត្តា )
 Compassion (ករុណា)
 Empathy (មុទិត្ត)
 Equanimity (ឧមេក្ខា )
Supreme Virtues of Parents (ព្រហ្មវិហារធម៌)

10. 
Brahma (ព្រះព្រហ្ម)
Pre-divine God(េុរវមទវា)
Pre-teacher(េុព្វវ ចារយ)
The great worshiper of children(អាហ្ុមេយ្យ)
Parents Mean to Children by Names As

11. 
 Taking good care of & supporting parents
 Helping/ assisting all tasks when parents need
 Maintaining dignity and fame of the family alive
 Maintaining the family-allocated properties
 Celebrating good deeds (religion) for parents
Duties of Children to Parents

12. 
 Loyalty (សច្ចៈ) =take good care of & never betray
 Mind cultivation (ទមៈ) =correct own self & each other
 Patience (ខេាី) =reasonable & forgivable
 Devotion/ sacrifice (ចាគៈ)=help, share, responsible &
never give up each other
Virtues of Spouse (ឃរាវាសធម៌)

13. 
 Roles of Husband to Wife:
 Give full credit & love to her
 Do not look down on her
 Do not betray/ make love with another girl
 Give her full right in managing housework
 Provide her money & jewelries/ women’s make-ups
Salvation of Spouse (សង្គហ្ធម៌)

14. 
 Roles of Wife to Husband
 Smart in managing housework
 Give full love &
 support to husband’s relatives
 Well manage the properties gained by husband
 Give full love to husband & do not betray him
Salvation of Spouse (សង្គហ្ធម៌)

15. 
Marriage Life: Husband and Wife
(According to Buddhist teaching, in a marriage)
Husband can expect the following qualities from his wife:
1. Love
2. Attentiveness
3. family obligations
4. Faithfulness
5. child-care
6. Thrift
7. the provision of meals
8. to calm him down when he is upset
9. sweetness in everything

16. 
Wife's expectation from husband:
1. Tenderness
2. Courtesy
3. Sociability
4. Security
5. Fairness
6. Loyalty
7. Honesty
8. Good companionship
9. Moral support
Husband and Wife
(According to Buddhist teaching, in a marriage)

17. 
Moral Duties Towards Fiends & Peers
1. Be generous
2. Be courteous
3. Be benevolent
4. Treat them as you treat yourself
5. Be as good as your words

18. 
Employer’s Moral Duties to Employees
1. Assign them to work according to their abilities
2. Supply them with food and wages
3. Attend to them in sickness
4. Share with them unusual delicacies
5. Grand leave at correct time

19. 
Employees’ Moral Duties to Employer
1. Attend to work early and regularly
2. Leave late after the master
3. Be content with the wages given
4. Perform duties well
5. Speak in praise of the master and spread his/ her good
name

20. 
Ruler’s Moral Duties
1. Dana (ទាេៈ)​​= be generous to people
2. Piya Vaca (េិយ្វាចា)​​= speak kind words to people
3. Athacariya (អត្ថច្រិយា)​= having commitment to the
welfare of the people
4. Samanattata (សមាេត្ាត្ត)​= having a sense of equality
with the people

21. 
1. Dana –charity​=​having​willingness​to​sacrifice​one’s​interests​
for the people
2. Sila – morality​=​maintaining​a​high​moral​order​in​one’s​
personal conduct
3. Pariccaga – altruism = being generous towards the people
avoiding selfishness
4. Ajjava – honesty​=​fulfilling​one’s​duties​with​loyalty​and​
integrity
Ruler’s Cardinal Virtues/
qualities

22. 
5. Maddava – gentleness = being kind and gentle, never
arrogant
6. Tapa – self​control​=​performing​one’s​duties​with​
dispassion
7. Akkoda – non-anger = remaining calm in the midst of
confusion
8. Avihimsa – non-violence = being non-violent, not
persecuting the people
9. Khanti – forbearance​=​practicing​patience​in​one’s​
duties
10. Avirodhana – uprightness = respecting public
opinion, promoting harmony

23. 
 Teacher to Students:
 Educate students to well behave and work hard
 Try all best to help students understand the lessons
 Share all knowledge with love to students
 Give good credit & appreciation of students to others
 Take good care of students all time
Roles of Teacher & Students

24. 
 Students to Teacher:
 Pay most respect to teacher
 Assisting teacher’s task
 Listen carefully & follow teacher’s advices
 Follow internal rule & complete the assignment
 Take note & learn the best what teacher taught
Roles of Teacher & Students

25. 
Khmer Greeting Style

27. 
Sitting Greeting (2)

29. 
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION.