Air pollution Types of Air pollution Facts about Air pollution Causes of Air pollution Effects of Air pollution Steps taken by government to control Air pollution Effects on human health and human life Future predictions

1. AIR POLLUTION
Presented By:
Mohd. Saif Alam
Amity Global Business School
Noida

2. What is air pollution?
• Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter,
or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans
or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural
environment or built environment, into the atmosphere.
• Air pollution is identified as a major environmental health hazard
by agencies such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and
governments around the world.

3. Types of air pollution:-
1. Outdoor air pollution:-
• Smog.
• Acid rain.
• Greenhouse effect.
• Ozone depletion.

5. 2. Indoor air pollution:-
•Cooking and heating appliances.
•Tobacco smoking.
•Cleaning chemicals.
•Germs and bacteria.

6. Facts about air pollution:-
1. In 2013, a report by Global Burden of Disease (GBD) said that
outdoor air pollution was the 5th largest killer in India.
2. Nearly one lakh premature deaths happen annually due to air
pollution in India.
3. According to a World Health Organisation (WHO) study, Delhi
has surpassed Beijing and is currently the most polluted city in the
world. This puts its people at a dangerous risk of respiratory
diseases.
4. The air that school children in Delhi breathe is four times more
toxic than the required safety limit.

7. 5. Approximately 30 million people including children in India
suffer from Asthma.
6. A recent study by Yale and Columbia University ranked
India 126th out of 132 countries surveyed on environmental
performance and worst for air pollution; far below all BRICS
nations i.e. Brazil, Russia, China and South Africa.
7. Some of the world’s most polluted cities are in India. Patna
and New Delhi are the most polluted cities in the world in
terms of PM2.5 exposure.
8. Pollution from cars, buses, trucks and other vehicles causes
80% of lung diseases.

8. MAJOR CAUSES OF
AIR POLLUTION.

9. Natural Sources:-
E.g.:
Smoke that comes from wildfires.
Volcanoes.
Methane.
Dust.

10. Human Sources:-
E.g.:
Thermal power plants.
Automobiles exhausts.
Burning fossil fuel.
Mining.
Nuclear explosions.

11. EFFECTS OF AIR
POLLUTION.

12. Impacts:-
• Climate system
• Health
• Economy
• Environment
• Ecosystem
• Forestry
• Agriculture
• Acid rain

13. Effects:-
Human effects
E.g.- Diseases
Environmental Effects
•Acid rain
•Haze
•Wildlife
•Ozone depletion
•Crop and forest damage
•Global climate change

14. STEPS TAKEN BY
GOVERNMENT TO
CONTROL AIR
POLLUTION IN INDIA.

15. The major steps being taken by the
Government to control pollution inter
alia include the following:-
(i) Notification of National Ambient Air Quality Standards;
(ii) Formulation of environmental regulations / statutes;
(iii) Setting up of monitoring network for assessment of
ambient air quality;
(iv) Introduction of cleaner / alternate fuels like gaseous
fuel (CNG, LPG etc.), ethanol blend etc.;
(v) Promotion of cleaner production processes.

16. (vi) Launching of National Air Quality index by the Prime Minister in
April, 2015;
(vii) Implementation of Bharat Stage IV (BS-IV) norms in 63
selected cities and universalization of BS-IV by 2017;
(viii) Decision taken to leapfrog directly from BS-IV to BS-VI fuel
standards by 1st April, 2020;
(ix) Taxing polluting vehicles and incentivizing hybrid and electric
vehicles;
(x) Comprehensive amendments to various Waste Management
Rules including Municipal Solid Waste, Plastic Waste, Hazardous
Waste, Bio-medical Waste and Electronic Waste notified;

17. (xi) Notification of Construction and Demolition Waste
Management Rules;
(xii) Ban on burning of leaves, biomass, municipal solid
waste;
(xiii) Promotion of public transport network of metro,
buses, e-rickshaws and promotion of car pooling, Pollution
Under Control, lane discipline, vehicle maintenance;
(xiv) Revision of existing environmental standards and
formulation of new standards for prevention and control of
pollution from industries;

18. (xv) Regular co-ordination meetings at official and
ministerial level with Delhi and other State Governments
within the NCR;
(xvi) Issuance of directions under Section 5 of
Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and under Section
18(1)(b) of Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution)
Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)
Act, 1981;
(xvii) Installation of on-line continuous (24x7) monitoring
devices by major industries.

19. (xviii) Preparation of action plan for sewage management
and restoration of water quality in aquatic resources by
State Governments;
(xix) Implementation of National River Conservation Plan
for abatement of pollution in identified stretches of various
rivers and undertaking conservation activities which inter-
alia include interception & diversion of raw sewage,
construction of sewerage systems, setting up of sewage
treatment plants, low cost sanitation facilities, education
and awareness creation, community participation,
electric/improved wood crematoria and river front
development

20. EFFECTS ON HUMAN
HEALTH AND HUMAN
LIFE.

21. Air pollution can cause acute illness and even death.
Air pollution can cause short term diseases like,
•Eye irritation
•Nasal irritation
•Shortness of breath
•Long term diseases like lungs cancer, asthma , etc.
Effects of Air Pollution on Human Life
and Health:-

22. Data:-
In December 1952, about 4,000 persons died in
London due to smog. Similar cases have been
reported from London itself in 1956, 1957 and 1962
in which the death toll was between 700 and 1,000
persons. In other countries also smog deaths have
been reported. In fact, the growing air pollution has
now become a health hazard for man.

23. FUTURE
PREDICTIONS.

25. Predictions:-
•Premature deaths.
•Ozone depletion.
•Climatic changes.
•Loss of biodiversity.
•Water level.
•Greenhouse effect.