Some talks abput the modern era of technology for those who cant see,cuz they're blind.

1. ARTIFICAL EYE
PRESENTED BY:
MUHAMMAD HAMZA KHAILD

3. INTRODUCTION:
• About 285 million people are visually impaired worldwide: 39
million are blind and 246 million have low vision (severe or moderate
visual impairment)
• There are 10 million people in the US who are blind or facing blindness
due to disease of the retina…. and there’s little that can be done for them.
• The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted market
approval to an artificial retina technology, the first bionic eye to be
approved for patient in the U.S.

4. WHAT IS ARTIFICAL EYE?
• An ocular prosthesis (artificial eye) is a type of
craniofacial prosthesis that replaces an absence of
natural eye following an enucleation, evisceration, or orbital
exenteration.
• The prothesis fits over an orbital implant and under the
eyelids.

5. HOW EYES WORK?
• The light coming from an object enters the eye
through cornea and pupil.
• The eye lens converges these light rays to form a
real, inverted and diminished image on the retina.
• The light sensitive cells of the retina get activated
with the incidence of light and generate electric signals.

6. HOW BRAIN WORKS AFTER SEEING IMAGE?
• After seeing an image the brain takes information from the
outside world and encodes it in patterns of electrical activity
• After the creating pattern the brain get an visualization of an
image. That can we actually seeing the image from our eyes.

7. MANUFACTURING PROCESS

9. ARGUS-II DEVICE
• (“Argus II”) is the world’s first approved device intended to
restore some functional vision for people suffering from
blindness.
• Transmits images from a small, eye-glass- mounted camera
wirelessly to a microelectrode array implanted on a
patient’s damaged retina.

10. PARTS OF ARGUS-II DEVICE:
• A small electronic device implanted in and around the eye.
• A tiny video camera attached to a pair of glasses, and a
video processing unit that is worn or carried by the patient.

11. HOW IT WORKS?

12. HOW IT WORKS?
• The patient wears glasses with an attached video camera
that captures images of the surrounding area.

14. ADVANTAGES:
• Ability to perform visual tasks demonstrated in many patients.
• Upgradable external hardware and software to benefit from
future innovations
• The brain has an amazing ability to adapt to new input and to
improve his or her understanding of what is being “seen” via an
artificial vision system

15. DISADVANTAGES:
• The cost of device is too high($1500).
• It is difficult to acquire this technology common man.

16. CONCLUSION:
• People suffering from low version too, people who are
completely blind will benefit from this project.
• This technology used by U.S and economic Europe
countries.