1. David Bordwell Cyborg?
Classical Hollywood
Narrative
The Paradigm Wars (by Bill Nichols, 1992)

2. 70s Structuralists
• Attempted to analyse narrative as ‘a raw
material of science.’
• Many analysed verbal or written codes,
using semiotic analysis as the tool of their
discourse.

3. Hayden White
• ‘Narratives address issues of order, desire
and law, authority and its legitimation or
subversion. The demand for closure in the
historical story is a demand, I suggest, for
moral meaning...’

4. Laura Mulvey
• Narrative constructs men’s pleasure at
women’s expense. Men identify with active
male characters and adopt either sadistic
or fetishistic/voyeuristic relations to
women characters. Male pleasure at the
expense of women must be rejected and a
new aesthetics created.