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Us history imperialism & the spanish american war
- 1. America on the World Stage
- 4. Looking Outward Frederick Jackson Turner Alfred T. Mahan
- 11. Theodore Roosevelt President 1901-1909
- 12. Roosevelt: A Modern Presidency The “Bully Pulpit” “Steward of the People” The “Square Deal”
- 18. The Great White Fleet
- 20. The Panama Canal
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Empire building – Why? Elicit responses: students may make the connection to the closing of the frontier
- Frederick Jackson Turner: (1893) Historian; The west is closed America has lost its spirit, its ingenuity It must look outward in order to recapture this “pioneer spirit” Alfred T. Mahan: US Admiral The Influence of Sea Power upon History (1890) - America must build up a powerful navy to protect business and shipping interests and to compete on the world stage
- USS Maine – explodes in Havana harbor (Cuba) 1898 Before: Cuba trying to break away from Spain McKinley says to Spain: get out or we’ll fight you “Remember the Maine”
- Yellow journalism: Hearst & Randolph War with Spain declared (William McKinley president) Fighting takes place in Cuba & Philippines
- War ends in 15 weeks, “splendid little war” John Hay Results: Cuba freed; US gains Guam and Puerto Rico; Philippines sold to US for $20 million
- Look at map page 562
- Roosevelt -- Background Wealthy, NY family (patrician) As a kid, kept animals on the top floor of the family home Asthma sufferer…told to toughen himself physically Harvard Politics was not a profession for the patricians NY State Assembly Spent time in badlands of South Dakota after death of wife and mother NY Police Commissioner Asst. Sec. of Navy Critical of McKinley’s stance toward Spain “backbone of an éclair) Colonel of an outfit that fights in Cuba during the Spanish-American War Put on McKinley’s ticket in order to get him out of NY “now, look, that damned cowboy is president” – Hanna Youngest pres at 42 Hugely popular…Teddy Bear Shot while campaigning
- leadership and publicity Gov’t can do what states can’t “assume he has the legal right to do whatever the needs of the people demand, unless the Constitution or the laws explicitly forbid him to do it.” Progressive programs his presidency
- -- legal bodies created to hold stock in many companies…controlled 4/5 of industries in US Examples: Standard Oil unfair business practices Lower prices to drive out competitors, then jack up prices Sues under Sherman Antitrust Act 1890 Broke up Northern Securities Company…monopoly over Northwest railroads Cartoon: good trusts vs. bad trusts 1902 Coal Strike Efforts at conservation
- 1904 Message to Congress Monroe Doctrine: Europe to stay out Latin America RC: US will use force to protect economic interests in Latin America
- What does this mean?
- Roosevelt sends US Navy around the globe (1907-1909) – Why? Congress doesn’t want to “I’ve sent them out, Congress can decide if they want to pay to bring ‘em back.”
- Map pg 562
- Need for better shipping lanes France tries for 10 years to build canal; fails and sells claim to US US needs permission from Colombia When that fails, a Panamanian revolution is orchestrated (nearly a dozen US warships around when Panama declares independence) 15 days later, Panama signs treat with US (pay $10 million and rent of $250,000 year starting in 1913 Carter agrees to give control to Panama in 1999
- - 1904-1914 More than 43,000 workers; many Italian and Black More than 5,600 died from accidents or disease (malaria) Total cost: $380 million P 567