Elicit responses.
Student responses should include: abundant natural resources, available labor due to growth in population, including immigration, legal protections given to industry from SC
Map comes 2nd
US resource-rich
Coal, iron, later oil
Iron later used to make steel
Farmland for abundant food
Coastline and rivers for shipping
Push Factors: lack of social mobility in Europe; potato famine in Ireland; political unrest
Pull Factors: industrialization; economic opportunities in cities
Reaction to immigration: nativism
-- anti-Irish; Catholic; Chinese (West)
Elicit Responses: student responses should include: SC decisions that helped, building railroads, roads, enforcing patent laws; high tarriffs
Patent law encouraged innovation
Edison – light bulb
Alexander Graham Bell – telephone
Christopher Sholes -- Typewriter
1869: transcontinental railroad complete
1890: 180,000 miles of track (6 times the length at the start of Civil War)
-- creation of time zones
Railroad lines invent time zones – Why?
George Pullman: sleeper car manufacturer; company town
Cornelius Vanderbilt: railroad tycoon
Elicit responses: student responses should include: over-crowding, lack of jobs, transportation, fire, sanitation,
Industrialization: poor treatment of workers; monopolies; concentration of wealth; need of and resentment of labor unions; political corruption
LF: marketplace should not be regulated or interfered with
SD: Darwin: “survival of the fittest” applies to business; success guided by natural law.
-- corruption of Darwin’s theory
-- riches a sign of God’s favor
-- the poor must be lazy, inferior people who deserved what they got
Carnegie: steel magnate
Vertical: own all the steps that produces a good
Horizontal: buy out all competitors
John D. Rockefeller: Standard Oil
Robber barons; trusts; forcing the poor to work for their benefit
What is the point of this cartoon? Has industrialization been good for the “common man” according to the artist?
What’s the natural consequence of leaving business alone.
AFL: Gompers; IWW & Debs
Haymarket Riots
-- protest against police beating a striker turns violent
-- public opinion turns against organized labor
Tweed Ring
Graft: illegal use of political power for personal gain
Controlling NY politics through fear, corruption and intimidation
Civil Service Reform:
Pendleton Act 1883: bipartisan civil service commission makes appointments to federal jobs
Takes the politics out of working for the gov’t
-- lower level federal jobs no longer given out as patronage
-- drives politicians further into the arms of big business
Why did a “popular culture” emerge?
-- people wanted a break from their hard industrial jobs
-- more wealth and less work meant some leisure time available
-- amusment parks; baseball; department stores
-- catalogues nad advertising
Cincinnati Red Stockings, first pro baseball team (1869 here) started in 1866