1. The Fungi

3. The Filamentous Body of a Fungus (a) Mycelium (b) Individual Hyphae (c) Hyphal Cells (cutaway) Cell Walls Septum Pore Cytoplasm Haploid Nuclei

4. Chytrid Filaments Male Female

9. Zygomycete Life Cycle (a) Zygospore germinates Sporangia Spores (haploid) (b) Photo of Sporangia Hyphae of opposite mating types fuse to form zygospore. Haploid 1 n Diploid 2n

10. Zygomycete Life Cycle (b) Hyphae of opposite mating types (+ & -) fuse. NUCLEI FUSE Diploid Zygospore formed MEIOSIS Zygospore germinates Diploid 2 n Haploid 1 n

25. Some Ascomycetes (a) Scarlet Cup Fungus (b) Morel

27. Basidiomycete Life Cycle Haploid 1 n Diploid 2 n Mushroom gills bear reproductive basidia. Basidia on gills Haploid Nuclei Fusion forms diploid zygote. MEIOSIS Basidiospores (haploid)

28. Basidiomycete Life Cycle Haploid 1 n Diploid 2 n Basidia on gills Basidiospores (haploid) “ +” Mating Strain “ -” Mating Strain Basidiospores germinate forming hyphae (haploid). + - Hyphae fuse, but haploid nuclei remain separate in binucleate cells Hyphae aggregate to form mushroom

30. Some Basidiomycetes (a) Giant Puffball (b) Shelf Fungi

32. A Mushroom Fairy Ring

35. Lichens: Symbiotic Partnerships Algal Layer Fungal Hyphae Attachment Structure

37. Lichens Covering a Rock

39. Mycorrhizae Enhance Plant Growth Mycorrhizae

42. Corn Smut

44. Yeasts Candida sp.

46. Penicillium

49. Truffles

51. Pilobolus : An Explosive Zygomycete

53. The Nemesis of Nematodes Special hypha with noose Unfortunate nematode

54. The End