Biotechnology

1. Biotechnology

8. Recombination in Bacteria 1 µ m (a) (b) (c) Bacterium Chromosome Plasmid Plasmid replicates in cytoplasm DNA fragment incorporated into chromosome Plasmid transferred to new host DNA fragments transferred to new host

12. Viruses May Transfer Genes

18. Polymerase Chain Reaction: (a) One PCR Cycle Original Double- helix DNA Separate DNA Strands 90 °C Primers & DNA polymerase bind 50 °C DNA Polymerase Primer DNA 72 °C DNA synthesized

19. Polymerase Chain Reaction: (b) Multiple PCR Cycles DNA fragment to be amplified 2 copies 4 copies 8 copies

28. RFLP: Gel Electrophoresis Direction of Migration Larger fragments move more slowly; smaller fragments move more rapidly

30. DNA Fingerprint in Forensics C S R C I E M N E E 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Suspects Suspects Q: Which suspect should be indicted? A: #3 is prime suspect

57. Hope through Gene Therapy

58. Human Cloning: Permanent Genetic Correction? Parents with genetic disease Zygote with defective gene Embryo with defective gene Baby with genetic disorder Cell Culture Viral vector with therapeutic gene Treated Culture Genetically corrected cell from culture Enucleated egg cell Genetically corrected egg cell Genetically corrected embryo clone Healthy baby

59. The end