In this presentation, Shantanu introduces IoT and associated trends. His interest area lies in collaboration of cloud computing and data management in IoT.

1. The
INTERNET
of THINGS
Presentation by: Shantanu Garg
Email Id: shantanu.garg@ymail.com
Twitter Id: @EcstaticPirate
University: SRM University, Chennai
Year/Semester: 2ND Year/4th semester
Branch: Computer Science

2. Contents
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What is ‘Internet of Things (IoT)’?1
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Building Blocks of IoT
Present trends in IoT
Future of the IoT
Area of Interest in IoT

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What is ‘Internet of Things (IoT)’?
In simple terms, the internet of things sees sensors placed on, or in,
physical objects: and these sensors can then connect the object to
the internet. Internet has changed the way we work & communicate
by connecting us (humans) through World Wide Web, IoT aims to
take this connectivity to next level by connecting various devices to
the internet – facilitating human-machine and also machine-
machine interactions .
The internet of things relies on sensors that are placed into objects or
spaces to connect them to each other and to the internet. They are
able to convert data such as sounds and temperature into software
that can be used by various devices.
Among the capabilities of these sensors is that they can potentially
track data in their environment: including light, moisture,
temperature, sound and motions. For example, a motion tracking
device could turn off all the lights in a room when people walk out
and turn them on when people walk in.

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1
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3
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IPv6
Cloud/server
infrastructure &
Big Data
Sensors &
Sensor
technology
IoT
Gateways
End-user
Mobile
apps
They will sniff a wide variety of information ranging from
Location, Weather/Environment conditions, Grid parameters,
Movement on assembly lines, Jet engine maintenance data to
Health essentials of a patient.
1
They are the gateways to internet for all the things/devices that
we want to interact with. Gateways help to bridge the internal
network of sensor nodes with the external Internet or WWW.
They do this by collecting the data from sensor nodes &
transmitting it to the internet infrastructure.
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The data transmitted through gateway is stored & processed
securely within the cloud infrastructure using Big Data analytics
engine. This processed data is then used to perform intelligent
actions that make all our devices ‘Smart Devices’!
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The intuitive mobile apps will help end users to control &
monitor their devices (ranging from room thermostat to jet
engines & assembly lines) from remote locations. These apps
push the important information on your hand-held devices &
help to send commands to your Smart Devices!
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IP addresses are the backbone to the entire IoT ecosystem.
Internet is concerned about IP addresses only & not if you are a
human or a toaster. With IPv4 we were running out of IP
addresses, but with IPv6 (launched in 2012) we now have
3.4*10^38 IP addresses!
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Building Blocks of IoT:

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Present trends In IoT
 Smart buildings: In some brand new buildings, occupants and owners can manage and
maintain comfort, operations and energy wirelessly.
 Wearables: Wearable devices combined with the IoT such as Smartglasses, smartwatches, fitness trackers that
attach to clothing, and health monitors worn on the body capture and analyze important data.
 Digital locks: A recent development in the world of the internet of things is digital locks that allow
you to unlock doors remotely using a smart phone. Indeed they are also used by businesses to
quickly change key codes and restrict access.
 Smart meters: With the ability to communicate with the grid and use electricity and other utilities
at cheaper, optimum times, smart meters made their debut in 2000.
 Smart fields: Besides metropolitans and big cities IoT has also benefited environment and the
agriculture sector. Flood sensors on riverbanks, rainfall and river flow monitors, and sheep with
digital collars are some to name.
The Internet of Things (IoT) has begun to revolutionize our cities, farms, environment
, retail sector, logistics, industries. But its most significant impact will be felt on the
hyperlocal level by individual residents. Some of the current trends that have made a
mark and started making human lives easier are:

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Future of the IoT
In a recent report, "Gartner forecasts that 4.9 billion connected things Will be in use
in 2015, up 30 percent from 2014, and will reach 25 billion by 2020". As a point of
reference, there are currently 2 billion smart phones in the world today and about
5 billion mobile phones according to eMarketer. That means Gartner is projecting 5x
growth in IoT devices.
There are numerous fields In which IoT can be applied. One example of IoT for finding love in
the digital age. Fitness tracking devices such as Fitbit and smart watches, capture information
such as one’s heart rate. What if two heart rate monitors noticed a natural increase in each of
the two people’s heart rates and could simply prompt them that they're both into each other?
This is just one application of contextual awareness using IoT.
Other areas where IoT can create a major impact are the environment and agriculture sector.
More than 1,00,000 wildfires clear 4 million-5 million acres of land in the USA itself. Hence, smart
devices helping us in monitoring of combustion gases and pre-emptive fire conditions to define
alert zones or Snow level measurement to know in real time the quality of ski tracks and allow
security corps avalanche prevention can be of major help. Smart Agriculture and Smart Animal
farming can help us control micro-climate conditions to maximize the production of fruits and
vegetables and its quality. In study of weather conditions in fields to forecast ice formation, rain,
drought, snow or wind changes. Location and identification of animals grazing in open pastures
or location in big stables. Control of growing conditions of the offspring in animal farms to
ensure its survival and health.
In addition IoT can also revolutionize the working of retail and logistics sector. Intelligent
Shopping Applications which Get advices in the point of sale according to customer habits,
preferences, presence of allergic components for them or expiring dates. Supply Chain Control
for monitoring of storage conditions along the supply chain and product tracking for
traceability purposes. Fleet Tracking to control routes followed for delicate goods like medical
drugs, jewels or dangerous merchandises.

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Area of interest in IoT
My area of interest in the field of internet of things is the collaboration of cloud
computing and data management in IoT.
Cloud Computing is one of the major building blocks of the future internet. With the
Virtualization of objects being the next obvious trend the convergence of cloud
Computing and IoT will open unprecedented opportunities. As a part of this IoT
Applications will be delivered on-demand through a cloud environment.
Inadequate security will be a critical barrier to deployment of large scale IoT systems and broad
Customer adoption of IoT applications. The connected things in the future will have limited
resources that can’t be easily upgraded , in order to protect these things over a very long lifespan,
cloud based security services with resource-efficient, thing to cloud interactions is very important.
In such systems, many security vulnerabilities and threats come from the interaction between the
cyber and the physical domain.
To prevent these the cloud need to have low latency and location awareness, mobility, very large
number of nodes, heterogeneity and strong presence of streaming and real time applications.
Given an internship in this area I would like to work on making the cloud more secure and research
on real time interaction of Internet connected objects within a cloud environment and the
adaptation of real time operating soft wares. Alongside, I would also like to work on the
technologies being used in the processing of big data and try to find new efficient ways to store the
large amount of data generated by IoT in a more faster and economical manner.

8. Thank you