This document provides an overview of US presidents and political parties from 1981 to 2016. It includes profiles of each president during this time period as well as overviews of their terms in office, key domestic and international events, economic conditions, and major policies. It also discusses the current 2016 presidential election and profiles the Republican and Democrat candidates. The document is a comprehensive reference on modern US political history.

1. A look at the presidents and political parties from 1981 to 2016. As well
as an overview of the current 2016 election.

2. Table of Contents:
PageTitle: Page Number:
History of US Political Parties 4
Overview of the Parties 5
Democrat 15
Republican 49
Decade Overview 1980 to 1989 84
Ronald Wilson Reagan 90
President Profile 91
President Reagan’s First Term 95
Domestic Events 96
International Events 102
Economic Overview 108
Policies 118
President Reagan’s Second Term 149
Domestic Events 150
International Events 156
Economic Overview 162
Policies 172
Presidential Pros & Cons 183
PageTitle: Page Number:
Decade Overview 1990 to 1999 188
George Herbert Walker Bush 194
President Profile 195
Domestic Events 199
International Events 205
Economic Overview 211
Policies 221
Presidential Pros & Cons 245

3. Table of Contents:
PageTitle: Page Number:
William Jefferson Clinton 250
President Profile 251
President Clinton’s First Term 255
Domestic Events 256
International Events 262
Economic Overview 268
Policies 278
President Clinton’s Second Term 298
Domestic Events 299
International Events 305
Economic Overview 311
Policies 321
Presidential Pros & Cons 334
PageTitle: Page Number:
Decade Overview 2000 to 2009 339
George Walker Bush 345
President Profile 346
President Bush’s First Term 350
Domestic Events 351
International Events 357
Economic Overview 363
Policies 373
President Bush’s Second Term 400
Domestic Events 401
International Events 407
Economic Overview 413
Policies 423
Presidential Pros & Cons 435

4. Table of Contents:
PageTitle: Page Number:
Decade Overview 2010 to 2016 441
Barack Hussein Obama II 446
President Profile 447
President Obama’s First Term 451
Domestic Events 452
International Events 458
Economic Overview 464
Policies 474
President Obama’s Second Term 497
Domestic Events 498
International Events 504
Economic Overview 510
Policies 520
Presidential Pros & Cons 537
PageTitle: Page Number:
Presidential Election 2016 543
Republican Candidate Profile 544
Democrat Candidate Profile 548
Candidates on the Issues 552
Work Cited 578

6. Decade Overview:
2010
• Deepwater Horizon explodes
• Haiti is struck by a devastating
earthquake
2011
• The death of Osama bin
Laden
• Japan is hit by a 9.0
earthquake and tsunami
2012
• London hosts the Olympic Games
• Windows 8 is released
2013
• The first gene therapy in the
Western world
• The 1st cloning of human
embryonic stem cells
2014
• NATO ends combat operations
in Afghanistan
• The newWorldTradeCenter is
opened

7. Decade Overview:
2015
• Lithuania joins the Eurozone
• The Eurasian Union is formed
2016
•Completion of the Panama Canal
expansion
•Three-person babies
Compiled by author from: futuretimeline.net

8. President from 2009 to 2016.
“Change will not come if we wait for some other person or some other
time. We are the ones we've been waiting for. We are the change that
we seek.”

9. Profile:
Born: August 4, 1961 in
Honolulu, Hawaii
1982: Obama decides
to pursue a career as a
community organizer
1990: Barack Obama
becomes the first
African American
president of the
Harvard Law Review
1992: Barack Obama
and Michelle Robinson
get married
1996: Elected to the
Illinois State Senate
2004: Is elected for the
US Senate
2008: Wins the
Presidential Election
2012: Reelected
president
Compiled by author from: barack-obama-timeline.com

11. Domestic Events:
2009:
•Obama takes the oath of
office
•Tea Party protests
•A surge of 30,000 additional
troops
2010:
•The Affordable Care Act
passed
•Deepwater Horizon oil rig
explodes
•Republican candidates win
the majority of elections
2011:
•Osama Bin Laden is killed
•The final shuttle flight lands
•The first of Occupy Wall
Street protests
•The war in Iraq is declared
over
2012:
•The first Autonomous
licenses is granted to Google
•Hurricane Sandy
•Obama wins reelection
Compiled by author from: americasbesthistory.com

12. International Events:
2009:
• Earthquake hit Costa Rica
• Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir is
elected as Prime Minister
• North Korea launches
Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2
rocket
2010:
• Chile miners rescued
• Eyjafjallajökull erupts
• Plane crash kills Polish
President
• Greece debt crisis
2011:
• Greece Prime Minister
resigns
• Earthquake strikesTurkey
• Norway massacre
• Earthquake scaling 8.9
hits Japan
2012:
• 2012 Olympic Games
• Spain‘s Bailout Deal
• Costa Concordia runs
aground
• Honduras prison fire
Compiled by author from: endmemo.com

13. Economic
Overview:
An overview of the economic
state of the country during
President Obama’s first term.
Images from: Google Images

14. Gross Domestic Product:
$14.42
$14.78
$15.02
$15.36
2009 2010 2011 2012
Real GDP
(Trillion of US Dollars):
-2.8%
2.5%
1.6%
2.2%
-3.4%
-2.4%
-1.4%
-0.4%
0.6%
1.6%
2.6%
3.6%
2009 2010 2011 2012
Real GDP Growth Rate:
Compiled by author from: thebalance.com

15. Debt:
86.00%
94.70%
99.00%
102.50%
80.0%
85.0%
90.0%
95.0%
100.0%
105.0%
2009 2010 2011 2012
Government Debt to GDP:
$11.91
$13.56
$14.79
$16.07
2009 2010 2011 2012
National Debt
(Trillions of US Dollars):
Compiled by author from: polidiotic.com & knoema.com

16. Investment:
$313.73
$354.58
$440.41
$377.90
2009 2010 2011 2012
Foreign Direct Investment
(Billion of US Dollars):
23.5%
12.8%
0.0%
13.4%
-1.0%
4.0%
9.0%
14.0%
19.0%
24.0%
29.0%
2009 2010 2011 2012
S&P 500 Index Annual Returns:
Compiled by author from: indexmundi.com & forecast-chart.com

17. Employment:
142.18
141.39
142.18
144.75
2009
2010
2011
2012
Total Employed Persons
(Millions):
Compiled by author from: knoema.com & fred.stlouisfed.org
9.3%
9.6%
8.9%
8.1%
4.5%
5.5%
6.5%
7.5%
8.5%
9.5%
10.5%
2009 2010 2011 2012
Unemployment Rate:

18. Inflation & Interest Rate:
Compiled by author from: thebalance.com & knoema.com
2.7%
1.5%
3.0%
1.7%
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
3.0%
3.5%
4.0%
4.5%
5.0%
2009 2010 2011 2012
Inflation Rate:
2.47%
2.00%
1.16%
1.38%
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
3.0%
2009 2010 2011 2012
Interest Rate:

19. Confidence & Ownership:
97.65
98.30
97.78
98.85
2009 2010 2011 2012
Consumer Confidence
Indicator:
Compiled by author from: fred.stlouisfed.org
67.4%
66.9%
66.2%
65.5%
63.0%
64.0%
65.0%
66.0%
67.0%
68.0%
69.0%
70.0%
2009 2010 2011 2012
Home Ownership Rate:

20. Exports & Imports:
$1.58
$1.85
$2.13
$2.22
2009
2010
2011
2012
Exports Of Goods & Services
(Trillions of US Dollars):
$1.97
$2.35
$2.68
$2.76
2009
2010
2011
2012
Imports Of Goods And Services
(Trillions of US Dollars):
Compiled by author from: knoema.com

21. Policies:
Policies that were created during
President Obama’s first term.
Images from: Google Images

22. Domestic Policy:
The end to Pre-ExistingCondition Discrimination
• Insurance companies can no longer deny coverage or charge more because of a pre-existing
condition
The end to Limits on Care
• No more imposed lifetime and annual dollar limits on essential health benefits
The end to Coverage Cancellations
• Insurance can no longer drop coverage due to a mistake on applications
Healthcare
The Affordable Care Act:
Provides Consumer Rights and Protections:
Compiled by author from: whitehouse.gov

23. Domestic Policy:
Healthcare
The Affordable Care Act:
Provides More Affordable Coverage:
Compiled by author from: whitehouse.gov
• If insurance companies don’t spend at least 80% of your premium dollar
on medical care and quality improvements, they have to rebate youValue forYour Premium Dollar
• Insurance companies are required to publicly justify if they raise rates by
10% or more
Strengthening Review of Rate
Increases
• Millions of Americans are getting financial assistance to lower their
monthly premiumsHelps Pay for Premiums
• Healthcare prices have risen at the slowest rate in nearly 50 yearsImproving Affordability

24. Domestic Policy:
Healthcare
The Affordable Care Act:
Strengthened Medicare:
Compiled by author from: whitehouse.gov
Lower-Cost Prescription
Drugs
• Provides relief for people in the
prescription drug donut hole
Free Preventive Services
• Seniors can receive recommended
preventive services free of charge
Fighting Fraud
• Helps stop fraud with tougher
screening procedures, stronger
penalties, and new technology
Improving Care Coordination
and Quality
• Made major investments in
improving the quality and safety of
patient care
Fewer Unnecessary Hospital
Readmissions
• Reforms to improve the quality of
hospital care
Lower Premiums
• In 2015, Medicare Part B premiums
did not increase for the second year
in a row

25. Domestic Policy:
• Health Care and Education
Reconciliation Act also reformed the
student loan program
• Obamacare wasn’t really a
government takeover- but the
student loan overhaul was
• It took the program away from Sallie
Mae and other private lenders
Diverted the Budget
Savings into:
$36 billion expansion of Pell Grants for low-
income undergraduates
Plus a student-debt relief effort that transfers
the burden of college loans to taxpayers
Education
Compiled by author from: politico.com

26. Domestic Policy:
Troubled Asset Relief
Program (TARP):
A Bush policy that Obama endorsed
A $700-billion initiative to rescue the nation's major
banks
Obama directed someTARP funds to GM and Chrysler
in an effort to keep them from going bankrupt
• TARP worked
• All the banks and auto companies
survived
• By the end of 2009 they already had
repaid the government more than
$600 billion
Economy
Compiled by author from: millercenter.org

27. Domestic Policy:
• American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act
• Obama's first major recommendation
to Congress
• An $800-billion economic stimulus
package
1/3 of the money involved
grants to state
governments to prevent
laying off and reducing
unemployment
compensation
1/3 went to
infrastructure
projects for bridges,
highways, sewage
treatment facilities
1/3 was for middle-
class tax cuts
Economy
Compiled by author from: millercenter.org

28. Domestic Policy:
• Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and
Consumer Protection Act
• The most far reachingWall Street
reform in history
• Prevents the excessive risk-taking that
led to the financial crisis
Finance
Compiled by author from: millercenter.org
The Law also:
Provides protections
forAmerican families
Creates a new
consumer watchdog
to prevent mortgage
companies and pay-
day lenders from
exploiting consumers

29. Domestic Policy:
TheConsumer Financial
ProtectionAgency improved
regulation of credit cards and
mortgages
The Financial Stability
OversightCouncil regulated
hedge funds and banks that
became too big to fail
The "Volcker Rule" banned
banks from being too
involved with hedge funds
Clarified which agencies
regulated which banks-
Preventing banks from
cherry-picking their regulator
The Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC) and the
Commodity FuturesTrading
Commission (CFTC) now
regulate the riskiest
derivatives
The SEC now recommends
how the credit rating
agencies, like Moody's and
Standard & Poor's, can could
be improved
Finance
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act
improved regulation in several areas:
Compiled by author from: thebalance.com

30. Domestic Policy:
• Obama shared the Republicans' goal of
long-term deficit reduction
• Obama negotiated with John Boehner to
see if they could agree on a deficit
reduction plan
• Due to not being able to agree on the tax
increases amount, they broke off
negotiations
• Congress and the President settled on a
more modest plan
• A "super committee" would to identify
$1.2 trillion in tax increases, spending
cuts, or some combination of both by the
end of 2012
• The super committee failed miserably
and most refused to work on the deficit
issue
Budget

31. Domestic Policy:
• Obama’s 1st piece of legislation
• The law makes it easier for woman and others to
effectively challenge unequal pay
• Unfair pay complaints can now be filed within 180
days of a discriminatory paycheck and that 180 days
resets after each paycheck is issued
Lilly Ledbetter
Fair Pay Act:
Social
Compiled by author from: whitehouse.gov

32. Foreign Policy:
• During the 2008 election campaign,
Obama promised to withdraw
American troops as soon as possible
• He announced a plan to bring troop
levels down to 50,000 by August
2010, including the removal of all
combat forces
• Remaining troops would be
withdrawn by the end of 2011
• By 2012, only 150 American troops
were in Iraq
Iraq

33. Foreign Policy:
Congressional Republicans were
much more interested in domestic
policy than foreign policy
This allowed Obama to proceed on
course to a complete
disengagement of US forces from
Afghanistan by 2014
On May 2, 2011,
Obama ordered an
attack by a team of
Navy SEALS killing
of al Qaeda leader,
Osama bin Laden
Compiled by author from: millercenter.org
Afghanistan

34. Contact Us for the Full Presentation:
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E: contact@mcusa.co
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