Case study

1. A REPORT ON INTELLIGENT BUILDING
A presentation by Mohammad Zaryab
REGD NO : 1402295044
SEC: B

2. . Definition
• Intelligent buildings are buildings that through their
physical design and IT installations are responsive,
flexible and adaptive to changing needs from its users
and the organisations that inhabit the building during
it's life time. The building will supply services for its
inhabitants, its administration and operation &
maintenance. The intelligent building will accomplish
transparent 'intelligent' behavior , have state memory,
support human and installation systems
communication, and be equipped with sensors and
actuators.
Components of an Intelligent Building
Integration of various building systems
– Energy management system
– Lighting management system
– Security systems & fire safety
– Telecommunications & office automation
– Local area networks (LANs)
– Cabling management
– Intelligent maintenance mgt. system (IMMS)
– Computer aided facility management (CAFM)

3. What is an intelligent building?
A building…
• • who’s systems are self reliant
• • with sensors relaying data
• • that uses the latest technology
• • that is the future of buildings
Objectives of Intelligent Building
• • Energy management
• • Indoor Comfort
• • Thermal comfort
• • Visual Comfort
• • Indoor air quality

4. Energy management
• • 85% of the energy used in buildings is for low
temperature applications such as space and water
heating
• • Building designs involving clean and efficient
technologies help to reduce energy consumption as
well as to provide a better quality of life for citizens.
• • Under almost all circumstances it is necessary at
some point in time to provide some form of auxiliary
heating, cooling, lighting or ventilation since natural
sources cannot always cover the requirements for
thermal comfort, visual comfort and IAQ that are the
prerequisite for a well balanced, comfortable and
healthy indoor environment.
Energy consumption in building is required
for the following uses:
Heating
Cooling
Ventilation
Lighting
Equipment and machinery
Domestic hot water

5. Active Roof Component
History of Intelligent Building
• Intelligent building (IB)
– First coined in USA in early 1980s
– Its definition/model is evolving
• Automated buildings (1981-85)
• Responsive buildings (1986-91)
• Effective buildings (1992-)
– Development of IB
• Closely linked with computers and information
technology (IT); high-tech related
• But, IB ≠ high-tech building

6. BEM Systems – Architecture
Building Energy Management Systems
• Building Energy Management Systems aim to
optimize the use of energy in buildings by maintaining
at the same time the indoor environment under
comfort conditions
• Practically, a BEMS is a computerized system that
attempts to “control” all or some of the energy
consuming operations in a building:
– HVAC systems (Heating Ventilating and Air
Conditioning)
– Lighting systems (natural and artificial)
– Indoor climate

7. • Four main aspects:
– Facility management
• Take care & maintain various functions for occupant
comfort & operation
– Information management
• Office automation (OA), LAN, wiring
– Communication
• Tel/Fax, e-mail, video telecommunication
– Control
• DDC, building automation system
• Common needs of intelligent building tenants:
– Built-in Internet wiring
– LAN/WAN connectivity
– Conduits for cabling
– High-tech HVAC
– Wiring for high-speed networks
• Critical performance qualities
– Functional or spatial quality
– Thermal quality
– Air quality
– Aural quality
– Visual quality
– Building integrity

8. Multi-system solutions
Occupancy detection
• A range of passive infrared and ultrasonic sensors ensure
that user occupancy can be monitored for all areas, with
lighting programmed to switch off or dim when an area
has been unoccupied for a predetermined length of time.
After hours, sensors ensure that occupied areas – along
with an egress pathway – continue to be illuminated when
required by any remaining occupants.

9. Lighting / scene setting
• Lighting levels can be optimized to suit individual tasks and to
reflect different possible uses of a space. Moreover, sensor
control facilitates automated occupancy based scenes as well
as different daylight harvesting strategies
Audio Visual System
AV systems can also be integrated with lighting and blinds to
allow single-button room set-up for presentations with a
dedicated ‘Presentation’ scene. All services within the
meeting/boardroom can be recalled from a single button press
when entering the room and automatically shut down at the
end of a meeting, when no occupants are detected after a set
period of time.
User Interfaces
While much of the lighting control system is automated, a range
of stylish user interfaces can be added to a system to provide
local control of lighting, AV, blinds, HVAC and other integrated
systems.
HVAC
Integration with the HVAC system ensures that heating/cooling
is only provided for occupied areas, thereby saving unnecessary
energy expenditure. Manual overrides ensure unoccupied
rooms can be set up in advance to ensure the perfect
environment is created when people arrive.
Blinds
Blinds can be integrated with lighting and heating, ventilation
and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to support daylight
harvesting strategies and manage the thermal efficiency of the
building.

10. Building Automation
Building automation describes the advanced functionality
provided by the control system of a building.
A building automation system (BAS) is an example of
a distributed control system.
The control system is a computerized, intelligent network of
electronic devices designed to monitor and control the
mechanical, electronics, and lighting systems in a building.
Topology
Primary & Secondary Bus:
Low level or High Level Controllers
Input / Output Devices
Human Interface Device
Wireless Network (can be ZigBee)
Input & Output
Analog
Variable Measurement
Temperature, Humidity, and Pressure Sensor
Digital
Switch On or Off
Photocell
Structure of BAS

11. Components of BAS
Components of BAS
Controllers
Programmable Logic Controllers
System / Networks Controllers
Terminal Unit Controllers
Occupancy
Temperature Sensor
Lighting
Photocell
Air Handlers
Indoor Air Quality
Demand Control Ventilation
Central Plant
Chilled Water System
Condenser Water System
Hot Water System
Alarms and Security
Fire and Smoke Alarm System

12. Live Preview of Building Automation System
Why Building Automation System ?
Keeps the building climate within a specified range
Provides lighting based on an occupancy schedule
Monitors system performance and device failures
Provides malfunction alarms (via email and/or text
notifications) to building engineering/maintenance staff
Reduces building energy and maintenance costs when
compared to a non-controlled building.
A building controlled by a BAS is often referred to as an
intelligent building or a smart home.

13. “Green Building”
Green” Buildings are high performance structures that
also meet certain standards for reducing natural
resource consumption
“Green” or “Sustainable” buildings are
characterized by:
efficient management of energy and water resources
management of material resources and waste restoration
and protection of environmental quality enhancement and
protection of health and indoor environmental quality
reinforcement of natural systems analysis of the life cycle
costs and benefits of materials and methods integration of
the design decision-making process

14. Green Building standards include:
• Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
(LEED)
• Green Globes
• Model Green Homebuilding Guidelines
• Built Green
• Energy Star
• Living Building
Going “Green” is the “right thing”
• reduce carbon consumption,
• energy independence,
• encourage community,
• preserve natural systems
Why is Green Building Important?
•8000lbs of waste are typically thrown into a
landfill during the construction of a 2000sqft
home
•The buildings in the US consume more than
twice as much energy as all the cars in the India
•Indoor levels of pollution are commonly 2 to 5
times higher than outdoor pollution levels

15. What are the rating systems?
LEED (US)
BREEAM (UK)
CASBEE (Japan)
DGNB (Germany)
Green Star (Australia)
IGBC/LEED (India)
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is a
rating system devised by the United States Green Building
Council (USGBC) to evaluate the environmental performance
of a building and encourage market transformation towards
sustainable design.
LEED

16. LEED Certification
Scorecard Breakdown

17. Certified 40-49 points
Silver 50-59 points
Gold 60-79 points
Platinum 80-100 points
Indian Green Building Council (IGBC)
The Indian Green Building Council, part of the Confederation
of Indian Industry (CII) was formed in the year 2001. The vision
of the council is, "To enable a sustainable built environment
for all and facilitate India to be one of the global leaders in the
sustainable built environment by 2025".
The council offers a wide array of services which include
developing new green building rating programmes,
certification services and green building training programmes.
The council also organises Green Building Congress, its annual
flagship event on green buildings.
The council is committee-based, member-driven and
consensus-focused. All the stakeholders of the construction
industry including architects, developers, product
manufacturers, corporate, Government, academia and nodal
agencies participate in the council activities through local
chapters. The council also closely works with several State
Governments, Central Government, World Green Building
Council, bilateral multi-lateral agencies in promoting green
building concepts in the country.

18. Vertical Farming
Vertical farming is the practice of producing food
in vertically stacked layers, such as in a skyscraper, used
warehouse, or shipping container. The modern ideas
of vertical farming use indoor farming techniques and
controlled-environment agriculture (CEA) technology, where
all environmental factors can be controlled

19. 1.
Plants will grow in
boxes on a
mechanical track that
carries them from
the top of the
building to the
bottom for
harvesting
2.
Mechanical arms
below the track
will gradually shift
the boxes forward
on each level
3.
Leafy vegetables will be
planted in the boxes in
pumice to hold water.
An irrigation line will carry
water and nutrients to the
roots.