These slides are very useful for Education purpose.

1. PREPARED BY:
NAME MUHAMMAD MOHSIN KHAN

2. DIVERSITY OF LIFE AND
ECOLOGICAL FACTORS

3. BIODIVERSITY
 Biodiversity is the variety
of different types
of life found on earth. It is a
measure of the variety
of organisms present
in different ecosystems.
This can refer to genetic
variation, ecosystem
variation,
or species variation
(number of species)within
an area, biome, or planet.

4. DIVERSITY OF LIFE
 True Bacteria.
 Achaea.
 Protest.
 Fungi
 Animals and Plants.

5. TRUE BACTERIA
 Organisms that
typically reproduce by
fission and whose
nutritional mode is
absorption or
photosynthesis or
chemosynthesis .
1 0,000 known species,
but there may be as
many as 4 million

6. ARCHAEA
 Unknown number of
species.These bacteria-
like organisms were once
thought to be rare.They
are now estimated to be
50% of the species found
in the open ocean —
both the largest part of
the ocean and the area
that is still mostly
unexplored.

7. PROTISTS
 At least 60,000
known species.
Though not a "true"
group, these
organisms are found
in all habitats on
Earth. Protists are the
reason the ocean
looks green near the
shore.

8. FUNGI
 Of the estimated
1,500,000 species of
fungi, scientists
have described just
60,000. Only 500
species live in the
oceans, where they
prefer coastal
environments.

9. ANIMALS
 About 1,000,000
described species.
Animals are unique
life forms because
they have nervous
systems (except for
sponges), which
enable them to feel
and touch.

10. PLANTS
 Over 250,000 described
species.There are three
kinds of plants: red,
green, and brown.These
three groups, although
all plants, are not closely
related. Green plants are
common on land, and
mostly red and brown
plants live in the oceans.

11. ECOLOGICAL FACTORS
 The living organisms are influenced by a large number of
environmental factors.These environmental factors are
known as ecological factors or eco-factors.
These factors may be biotic (living) or a biotic (non-living).
All the environmental factors bring marked distributional,
structural and functional changes in living organisms.To
live, grow and carry out all its activities, the organisms
require a harmonious relationship with their environment.
The differences in vegetation of a desert and a rain forest,
plants in a pond and grassland, animals in tropical countries
and cold countries, clearly indicate the role of
environmental factors in the distribution and survival of
organisms in different eco-systems.

12. Climatic factors
 Light Temperature
Rainfall Wind
Humidity. A
variation in one or
more of these
factors affects the
distribution and
lifestyle of
organisms.

13. Topographic factors
 Topography is a detailed
map of the surface
features of land. It
includes the mountains,
hills, creeks, and other
bumps and lumps on a
particular hunk of
earth. Altitude Slope
and direction of
mountain chain and
valleys.

14. Edaphic factors
 Relating to soil, especially
as it affects living
organisms. Edaphic
characteristics include
such factors as water
content, acidity, aeration,
and the availability of
nutrients. Influenced
by factors inherent in the
soil rather than by
climatic factors.Structure,
formation and
characteristics of different
types of soils

15. Biotic factors
 Anything which affects
the function
and behavior of a
living organism. Internally,
this factor can be a
physical, physiological,
chemical, neurological, or
genetic condition which
causes a psychological
effect.These are derived
from the interactions
between different species
of living organisms.

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