This document discusses cloud computing in Saudi Arabian high schools from the perspective of adopting cloud technologies for teaching and learning. It defines cloud computing based on NIST definitions and describes cloud deployment models and service models. The author aims to determine adoption of cloud computing in Saudi high schools and investigate factors affecting teachers' use of cloud applications. Objectives include examining empirical studies on cloud adoption in education and identifying critical success factors. The document outlines tasks such as understanding Saudi culture/education and designing a study to collect teacher perspectives on cloud adoption barriers. It displays proposed research models and provides statistical results and recommendations to improve cloud adoption in Saudi schools.

1. Cloud Computing in High School
Abdul Aziz
Supervised by
Lyn Pemberton and
Mithileysh Sathiyanarayanan
Changing the Saudi Arabian
Education Systems

2. CLOUD
A model of computation and data storage based on
“pay as you go” access to “unlimited” remote data
center capabilities.
A cloud infrastructure provides a framework to
manage scalable, reliable, on-demand access to
applications.
Cloud services provide the “invisible” backend to
many of our mobile applications.

3. “Cloud Computing refers to both the applications
delivered as services over the Internet and the
hardware and systems software in the datacenters that
provide those services. The services themselves have
long been referred to as Software as a Service (SaaS).
The datacenter hardware and software is what we will
call a Cloud. When a Cloud is made available in a pay-as-
you-go manner to the general public, we call it a Public
Cloud; the service being sold is Utility Computing. We
use the term Private Cloud to refer to internal
datacenters of a business or other organization, not
made available to the general public. Thus, Cloud
Computing is the sum of SaaS and Utility Computing,
but does not include Private Clouds.” (pg. 1)
CLOUD COMPUTING

4. IS THIS THE CLOUD, WE ARE
TALKING? - NO

5. NIST CLOUD DEFINITION
“The National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST) defines cloud computing as a "pay-per-use model
for enabling available, convenient and on-demand
network access to a shared pool of configurable
computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage,
applications and services) that can be rapidly
provisioned and released with minimal management
effort or service provider interaction."

6. DEFINING THE CLOUD
5 characteristics
1.On-demand self-service
2.Broad network access
3.Resource pooling
4.Rapid elasticity
5.Measured Service
Definition based on the definition from the National Institute of
Standards and Technology.

7. 4 deployment models
1.Public Cloud
2.Private Cloud
3.Community Cloud
4.Hybrid Cloud
DEFINING THE CLOUD

8. 3 Service models
1.Software as a Service
2.Platform as a Service
3.Infrastructure as a Service
DEFINING THE CLOUD

9. CLOUD COMPUTING LAYERS

10. For Students and Teachers
• Software as a Service – Google Docs

11. Details and Examples of Cloud

12. Research Questions
• How Cloud Computing is Revolutionizing Education
system and how it can have impact in Saudi Arabian
high schools?
• Whether cloud computing is viable for Saudi Arabian
education system and what are the solutions for
implementing in the Saudi Arabian high schools?
• What are the factors that affect the adoption of
cloud computing in Saudi Arabian high schools?

13. Aim of the Study
The main aim of the study is to determine the
adoption of cloud computing in Saudi Arabian
high schools in teaching and learning from
teachers’ perspective.

14. Objectives of the Study
• Investigate which are the education institutions
implemented cloud technologies for teaching and
learning. How the empirical studies were carried out?
• Investigate the critical factors for cloud computing
technologies to be successful in teaching and learning.
• Investigate the factors affecting the use cloud
applications in the Saudi Arabian high schools.
• Provide suggestions and recommendations for the
adoption of cloud applications in schools for teaching
and learning.

15. Tasks
• To understand the background of Saudi Culture and their
education.
• To investigate on the factors affecting teachers for not
using cloud applications in schools.
• To examine various empirical studies carried out with
respect to adoption of cloud computing in education.
• To investigate the questionnaire models that suits the
study.
• To design the questions, plan the empirical study and to
collect the results.
• The analysis of the results to be carried and certain
suggestions or recommendations to be proposed.

16. Figure: UTAUT Model from developed countries context
(Venkatesh et al. 2003)

17. Figure: Research Model to understand the effect of attitude from
developing countries context. In this study, Saudi Arabian context

18. Statistical Results
The results are provided in the thesis.
The raw data can be accessed from
https://drive.google.com/open?
id=0B6suWOQKRkzXfkFQamFKWjFZ
U0lHNjlHcHZnNnhTNjNjVUhFVS10e
Hp2RXAwN0dESDBrTTA&authuser=
0

19. Recommendations
• The schools must take initiative to improve infrastructure
and resources needed for using cloud applications with a
well-assisted IT help team.
• Efforts to advance the adoption of cloud computing in
higher education in Saudi Arabia should focus on
improving attitude towards the use of the technologies
for education and on ensuring that the facilitating
conditions are addressed.
• Social factors also play a role in influencing adoption.
Hence, the motivation and supportiveness of lecturers
and colleagues is important in promoting the adoption of
cloud technologies.

20. Resources on the Cloud: Blogs
• Planet Cloud
– an aggregation of blogs talking solely about the cloud
• Wisdom of the Clouds
– James Urquhart, Market Manager for Cloud Computing and Virtualization,
CISCO
• Rational Survivability
– Christopher Hoff, Director of Cloud and Virtualization Solutions, Data Center
Solutions, CISCO
• Amazon Web Services Blog
– Official blog for Amazon Web Services
• Windows Azure Blog
– Official blog for Windows Azure
• Elastic Vapor :: Life in the Cloud
– Reuven Cohen, Founder and CTO Enomaly Inc.
• All Things Distributed
– Werner Vogels, CTO Amazon.com

21. Resources on the Cloud
• NIST Definition of the Cloud
– The National Institute of Standards and Technology’s definition of the cloud.
• Above the Clouds: A Berkeley View of Cloud Computing
– A paper on the potential benefits and uses of the cloud
• Clouderati Twitter Lists
– While Clouderati itself doesn’t tweet about the cloud, it does provide a
number of lists of persons that tweet about the cloud. While many of these
folks are in the business space, they provide a lot of information about the
cloud.
• EDUCAUSE Cloud Computing Resources
– Resources from education on cloud computing, including publications,
presentation, podcasts, etc.
• Attend CloudCamp
– CloudCamp is an unconference held throughout the world (and even
virtually). It’s a great place to go, meet people who are also interested in the
cloud, and learn a few new things.