It was my first critical journal review

1. CRITICAL JOURNAL REVIEW
Mindina Della Amalia (19211141050)
Email : mindinadella.2019@student.uny.ac.id
ENGLIT J
A. INTRODUCTION
This paper would like to analyse about a journal entitled “ The Sound
Changing of English Loanwords in Indonesia Vocabulary” by Dellis Pratika.
In this journal the writer was discussing about the English loanwords whose
sounds were being modified from it‟s original pronunciation by the
Indonesian native speaker. The aim of this research was to get some proves
that there are differences between the original English vocabularies and their
loanwords version in Indonesia. This research also aimed to get to know the
processes behind the changing form of English loanwords vocabularies in
Indonesia. The data of this journal was taken from a video offered by VOA
Indonesia entitled “Kopi Indonesia dan Warga Muslim di AS”. This research
used descriptive qualitative approach to analyse the data. To confirm that the
vocabularies are really existed in both Indonesia and English, the writer chose
two dictionaries which were Oxford Dictionary and Kamus Besar Bahasa
Indonesia. In stating statement and analysing the data, the writer used some
theories which related to the topic taken from many references. From this
research, the writer concluded that all of the English loanword in Indonesia
vocabularies appeared differently from it‟s original form. The processes of it‟s
changing were syncope, paragog, monophthongization, assimilation, and
dissimilation.

2. B. SUMMARY
Every language has its own characteristics related to their phonetic and
phonology systems. In this case, English and Indonesia have some differences
in their vowels, consonants, orthography and phonological rules which causes
the different pronunciation and form of their vocabularies.
In English, they have 14 vowels and 24 consonants. While in
Indonesia, they only have 6 vowels and 23 consonants. But the differences
don‟t only occur on its amount, they also occur on its sounds of their vowels
and consonants. The pronunciation in Indonesia is different from English.
Indonesian tend to pronounce the word as exactly as the orthography is, while
English tend to not pronounce word as the way as it spelled. And these
differences become the reasons why that every English loanword are firstly
being modified and having some changes before it‟s actually stated into an
official loanword in KBBI.
In this research, the writer found out that there are few of sound
changing processes that occur on these data. The processes are syncope,
paragog, monophthongization, assimilation, and dissimilation. The
assimilation and dissimilation process mostly occurred in vowel. Because
Indonesia and English don‟t share the exactly same vowels, Indonesian tended
to shorten or raise the sound until its matching with the sounds that available
in Indonesia phonetics systems. In the other hand, in most of consonants
cases, the English loanwords don‟t have many significant changes. It‟s happen
because both Indonesia and English are sharing almost the same consonants
sounds. However, to make it sounds easier and more natural to Indonesian,
they still do some modification on its cluster and consonant that appear in the
final syllable. In conclusion, all of the English loanwords that had adopted
into Indonesian form tended to resemble the orthographical system rather than
the phonological system. It‟s owing to the fact that Indonesian phonological
rules are pronouncing the word as the way its spelled.

3. C. CRITICS
As it stated in this journal, Indonesia and English are having the
different phonemes in their language. Several phonemes that existed in
English aren‟t always existed in Indonesia. That‟s why both of its language
can‟t share the exact same sounds for all of the vocabularies that they have. If
they want to adapt or loan each other words then they need to modify it into
the form that they can deal with.
In the matters of vowels, Indonesia and English only share five same
vowels in total. These are /ɪ/ /e/, /ʌ/, /ʊ/, and /ə/. In English, these phonemes
are counted as the short monophtong phonemes, whereas the long
monophtong phonemes aren‟t even occur in Indonesia. Hence, Jelimun and
Ulfiyanti (2018:120) stated :
“when Indonesian speakers pronounce words that consist of those phonemes,
they will encounter the problem and are prone to replace those different
phonemes with the phonemes they are accustomed to using in their daily
conversation, such as substituting phoneme /ɪ/ for /iː/ or pronouncing /ʌ/ for
/æ/.”
In the matter of consonants, a study had proved that some Indonesian
people are still in having problems with some pronuciation in English
vocabularies. Regarding to the findings of the study, it is acknowledged that
most of the 20 students involved in this study face difficulties in pronouncing
consonant phonemes: /b/, /p/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/, /ʧ/, /c/, /ʤ/, /f/, /v/, /θ/, /ð/, /z/,
/ʃ/, /ʒ/, /h/, /l/, /r/, /w/, /m/, /n/, /ŋ/ ( Pallawa:2013). The probems that they
faced was mostly because they don‟t get used to somekind of phonemes. The
example is on the phonemes /p/. In both of Indonesian and English, this
phonemes occures on the initial, medial, and final position. But there are some
differences in their phonological system in this phonemes. Pallawa (2013)
stated that :

4. “/p/ is aspirated when it happens in the initial position in a stress syllable, but
when it arises after „s‟, it is not aspirated. It is a little aspirated when it appears
in the middle and final positions, but the Indonesian phoneme /p/ is entirely
not aspirated wherever it exists in the word. The phoneme / p / in Bahasa
Indonesia is constantly unreleased when it occurs in the final position before a
pause or another consonant. Consequently, the aforementioned students of this
study have difficulties in pronouncing the English words having the phoneme
/p/ with aspiration.”
D. CONSLUSION
Every language has its own characteristics in their phonetics and
phonologycal systems. Indonesian people naturally tended to modify the
different phonemes from its original form into their own version. It is happen
naturally because they both don‟t share the exact same phonemes to each
other. Hence, it become the reason why that every English loanwords in
Indonesia are firstly being shifted until it sounds more regular to be
pronounced.
E. REFERENCES
Jelimun and Ulfayanti. (2018). Contrastive analysis of English and Indonesian
vowel phoneme and its lesson plan in language teaching. Journal of
Applied Studies in Language. Volume 2 Issue 2. 116—123.
http://ojs.pnb.ac.id/index.php/JASL
Pallawa, Baso Andi. (2013). A Comparative Analysis between English and
Indonesian Phonological Systems. International Journal of English
Language Education. 1(3) 103-129.

5. http://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/ijele/article/download/3
892/3180
Pratika, Dellis. (2016). The Sound Changing of English Loanwords in
Indonesia Vocabulary. Proceedings of International Conference: Role
of International Languages toward Global Education System. 54-72.
http://digilib.iain-palangkaraya.ac.id/id/eprint/985