SEMESTER3

1. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
Copyright @ 2016 Lincoln University College
Chapter 2
Operating Systems
By
Liang

2. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Operating System
• The most important or core program that runs
on every computer. It is use to manages all
other programs on the machine.
• No matter how. Each and every computer
need to have one to run all the applications
and programs.
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3. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Functions of Operating systems
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3
Operating
System
Device configuration
Controls peripheral devices connected to the computer
File management
Transfers files between main memory and secondary
storage, manages file folders, allocates the secondary
storage space, and provides file protection and
recovery
Memory management
Allocates the use of random access memory (RAM) to
requesting processes
Interface platform(GUI)
Allows the computer to run other applications

4. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Functions of computer(con’t)
• Security
– Preventing unauthorized access to programs and data.
• Control over system performance
– Recording delays between request for a service and
response from the system.
• Job accounting
– Keeping track of time and resources used by various jobs
and users.
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5. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Functions of computer(con’t)
• Error detecting aids
– Production of dumps, traces, error messages and other
debugging and error detecting aids.
• Coordination between other softwares and users
– Coordination and assignment of compilers, interpreters,
assemblers and other software to the various users of the
computer systems.
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6. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Functions of computer(con’t)
• Booting
– Process of starting or restarting a computer is
called booting
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Cold boot
• Turning on a computer that
has been powered off
completely
Warm boot
• Using the operating system to
restart a computer
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Types of operating systems
• Single-user, single-task
– This type of operating system manages the
computer so that one user can effectively do one
thing at a time.

8. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Types of operating systems(cont’)
• Single-user, Multi-tasking
– This is the type of operating system most people
use on their desktop and laptop computer
nowadays.
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9. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Types of operating systems(cont’)
• Multi-user, multi-task
– A multi-user operating system allows many
different users to take advantages on the
computer resources simultaneously.
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10. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Types of operating systems(cont’)
• Real Time Operating System(RTOS)
– RTOS are used to control machinery, scientific instruments,
and industrial systems.
– Normally, there are typically very little user interface
capability
– Resources are managed so that
a particular operation executes
precisely the same every time.
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11. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Types of operating systems(cont’)
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• Embedded operating system
– Found on most mobile computers, PDAs and other
small devices

12. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Utility Programs
• System software that performs maintenance-
type tasks
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13. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Utility Programs(cont’)
• A search utility is a program that attempts to
locate a file on your computer based on
criteria you specify
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14. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Utility Programs(cont’)
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• An image viewer allows
users to display, copy,
and print the contents of
a graphics file
• An uninstaller removes a
program, as well as any
associated entries in the
system files Liang LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE

15. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Utility Programs(cont’)
• A disk cleanup utility searches for and removes
unnecessary files
– Downloaded program
files
– Temporary Internet
files
– Deleted files
– Unused program
files
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16. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Utility Programs(cont’)
• A disk defragmenter reorganizes the files and
unused space on a computer’s hard disk so
that the operating system accesses data more
quickly and programs run faster
– Defragmenting
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17. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Utility Programs(cont’)
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• A backup utility allows
users to copy files to
another storage medium
• A restore utility reverses
the process and returns
backed up files to their
original form

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Utility Programs(cont’)
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• A screen saver causes a
display device’s screen
to show a moving image
or blank screen if no
activity occurs for a
specified time
• A personal firewall
detects and protects a
personal computer from
unauthorized intrusions

19. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Utility Programs(cont’)
• A file compression utility shrinks the size of a file(s)
– Compressing files frees up room on the storage media
– Two types of compression
• Lossy
– only part of the file can be recovered when the file is
uncompressed. Used to compressed audio, video and images.
• Lossless
– all original data can be recovered when the file is
uncompressed. Used to compressed text and data files in
bank.
• Compressed files sometimes are called zipped files
– Can be uncompressed
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20. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Utility Programs(cont’)
• A media player allows you to view images and
animation, listen to audio, and watch video
files on your computer
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21. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Utility Programs(cont’)
• Disc burning software writes text, graphics,
audio, and video files on a recordable or
rewritable optical disc
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22. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Utility Programs(cont’)
• A personal computer maintenance utility
identifies and fixes operating system
problems, detects and repairs disk problems,
and includes the capability of improving a
computer’s performance
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23. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Windows’s Component
Components Explanation
Desktop The primary screen of a graphical user interface which has
various icons represent files, groups of files, programs which can
be moved, accessed, added to, put away, or thrown away.
Start-Menu Serves as the central launching point for applications. It provides
a customizable, nested list of programs for the user to launch, as
well as a list of most recently opened documents, a way to find
files and get help, and access to the system settings. By default,
the Start Button is visible at all times in the lower left-hand
corner of the screen.
Control Panel Allows users to view and change basic system settings and
controls, such as adding hardware, adding and removing
software, controlling user accounts and changing accessibility
options
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24. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Windows’s Component(cont’)
Component Explation
Recycle Bins Use to keeps the files that are remove by the user
for the first time in case the user wants to restore
them, but can be "emptied" from time to time to
save disk space.
Printer and mouse settings For user to change the properties of printer and
mouse
Maximizing and minimizing Use to control the size of the screen
Restoring of windows Restore the window back when problem occur.
Window Explorer Provides an interface for accessing the file system
launching applications, and performing common
tasks such as viewing and printing pictures
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25. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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Windows’s Component(cont’)
Components Explanation
Accessories It is the commonly recognized name of a special folder in
Microsoft Windows, allocated to help users store their personal
data files.
My Computer Allow user to access different drive.
My Documents It is commonly recognized name of a special folder in
Microsoft Windows, allocated to help users store their personal
data files.
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26. Subject Name Code Credit Hours
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The End
Questions?
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