1. Michael S. Kreher
Macalester College Omrit Conservation Team
mkreher@macalester.edu
mskreher@umn.edu
10/15/2016
Conservation of the Temple Complex at Horvat Omrit: Damage Mitigation and Ongoing
Protection of the Herodian Shrine
Nestled inside the grand footprint of the Temple Complex at Horvat Omrit are the
distinct remains of prior structures. The exterior walls of the complex belong to Temple 2, the
youngest and largest of the temple structures. Within the bounds of Temple 2 are the skeletal
remains of Temple 1, which was used for support in building of the latter structure. Likewise,
within (and under) the remains of Temple 1 lies a small plastered structure identified as the
Early Shrine. This Herodian-era structure predates both temple structures, and was preserved
by the builders of the later temples, who used the Principle of Least Effort in laying the
foundations for their own constructions.
The 2016 conservation season was busy with efforts made on many fronts. The Temple
1 steps received a great deal of much-needed attention by way of cleaning, consolidation, and
sealing cracks with mortar. Likewise, the interior walls of Temples 1 and 2 were cleaned of salt
and microbiology, and covered with a chemical deterrent designed to prevent future microbial
and fungal growth. The Herodian Shrine also received its fair share of attention, though given
the delicate nature of the plaster covering the top and faces of the shrine, it was a delicate
operation. Student conservators spent time clearing dirt and debris from the top of the shrine,
and used very fine mortar to seal cracks in the plaster in an effort to prevent future water
damage to the delicate façade.
In order to further prevent water accumulation and damage to the shine’s plaster, I
worked to design and install a roof structure that, when anchored in place, will direct the flow
of water away from the plastered faces of the shrine and into the open floor of the temple
cella. The roof had to be lightweight enough to transport to the site, and easy enough for two
people to move in and out of place. The roof is easily moveable, yet sturdy enough to endure
the elements with minimal maintenance. As the top of the shrine is covered in plaster as well,
the roof had to be designed to rest only along the edges where the plaster terminated. See
figures on accompanying poster for details.