Special Education

1. Obstacles to
Reading

2. Facts Discovered
by Scientist

3. Children display
dominance in two spheres of
their brain, such is the case
with those who are left-handed
or left-eye dominant.
But, researchers have
shown that such manifestations
don’t affect the ability to read.
So, it is advised that
children be allowed to display
their left-handed or left-eye
dominant tendencies.

4. •Handicapped children may display
spatial or directional disorientation.
Thus, they have difficulties in
differentiating letters, especially in
case of letters which are like such
as f and t, b, g and d.

5. Intellectual or
maturation lag
is a cause for
reading
retardation.

6. There is a close
correlation between
intelligence and reading
achievement .

7. Basic success in reading are:
a)Visual acuity with eyes integrating
images well and
b)auditory acuity with clear hearing of
the sounds of words.

8. Reading is intertwined
with language, and so
non-speakers of a
language will have
more difficulties
reading a second
language.

9. Reading and listening
(particularly sound words) are
closely related. Proficiency in
listening is conducive to
proficiency in reading.

10. relate to
obstacles in
reading
achievement

11. Physical:

12. Malfunction of the visual and auditory
faculties.
In particular, eye defects such as short/far
sightedness, speech impediments, etc.
Physical discomfort among students such
as headaches, stomach ache, hunger,
thirst etc.

13. Psychological:

14. Child’s lack of self-confidence,
feelings of rejection and other negative
personality traits (shyness, being
withdrawn, poor rapport with others,
conflict with parents and peers, etc.)

15. Teacher’s personality factors such as
lack of competence, emotional
immaturity, lack of social sense, etc.
General atmosphere at home and
school, including the attitude among
the parents in guiding their children’s
progress in school.

18. Environmenta
l:

19. Conditions at home,
including conditions of
poor room lightning,
ventilation, seating
arrangement, etc.

20. Socio-
economic

21. Low economic status (poverty) of
children of poor families.
Sensationalism and retrogressive as
fostered by commercialism in mass
media.

22. Policies and
programs of
government and
of schools on
the
development
reading
program.