7. Topic
“How does intonation effect the meaning of a
sentence?Make a lesson plan based on
teaching of intonation to the
students.Select any five sentences and
present them to the class with different
intonation,so,that it changes their
meanings.Follow the format of four ps,
( Presentation,Preparation,Practice,Product
ion).Demonstrate your lesson plan in the
presentation workshop and discuss how
your lesson plan has been a success in
teaching intonation to the students”.
8. Introduction
Intonation can be defined as the
Linguistics use of pitch is
utterances.Every language has melody in
it,no language is spoken on the same
pitch all the time.The voice goes up and
down and the different pitches of the
voice combine to make the melody of a
language.If we say the English word No
with different tunes,falling or rising it is
still the same word but tune plays an
important part in adding meaning.
9. According to Bradford continuous changing
of the pitch of the speaker’s voice to
express meaning.In intonation is the
tune,the melody the music of speech,when
a person speaks he does not say every word
on the same note.There are changes of
pitch.Gimson defines intonation as the
variations which take place in the pitch of
the voice in connected speech,i.e the
variations in the pitch of the musical note
produced by the variation of the vocal
cords.
10. Objectives
The affect of intonation on meaning of
sentence.
Make an effective lesson plan for learning
intonation.
To highlight the effective way of learning
the students,while using Audio-visual aids.
Measurment and judgment of an effective
lesson plan
13. Couldwell and Allen (1999:10,13) report
that as there are various definitions
of intonation and several description
of intonation forms,a wide range of
labels suggested for its function,
Crystal (1995:249) proposes six
major functions emotional,attitudinal
grammatical informational textual
psychological and indexical.
14. Lesson Plan
Planning is the process of deciding in
detail how to do something.It is
necessary in everything and teaching
is no exception in it.Lesson planning is
important because it is a detailed
procedure for teaching.So a teacher
should plan his teaching carefully.He
should be clear about what will take
place in classroom before he actually
enter in it.
15. Lesson planning is very significant in the
process of teaching.
According to Colin Dawson a good lesson plan
should have five important features:
What to teach?
How to teach?
Students participation,
Students interest
Flexibility
16. According to Herbart’s five steps of lesson
planning are more than 150 years old they
are very popular with our teachers.They
try to present every lesson in this
format.The format is very comprehensive
and effective.
P.Preparation
P.Presentation
P.Practice
Production
17. Audio-Visual Aids
To make the lesson interesting and
effective,teachers use various devices in
the classroom.These devices are called
teaching Aids.Audio:means something
relating to the ear.Visual means something
relating to the eye.The most common
audio-visual aids are blackboard,wall
charts,pictures,flash cards,radio,tape
recorder,Tv and overhead projector.
18. It is well known fact that audio visual
materials are a great help in stimulating
and facilating.According to Wright 1976:1
many media and many styles of visual
presentation are useful to the language
learner.That is to say.all audio visual
materials have positive contributions to
language learning as long as they are used
at the right time.
19. In language learning and teaching
process learner use his eye as well as
his ears,but his eyes are basic in
learning,River, 1981:399 claims that it
clearly contributes to the
understanding of another culture by
providing vicarious contact with
speakers of the language,through
both audio and visual aids.
20. One of the most appreciated materials
applied to language learning and teaching is
of course video.Arecent large scale survey
by Canning-Wilson (2000) reveals that the
students like learning language through the
use of video,which is often used to mean
quite different things in language
teaching,For Example,,,Tv and
Projector.Being a rich and valuable
resourse,video is liked by all students.
21. Lesson Plan
Students’ Learning Outcome:
Students’understand the intonation
and different kinds of intonation
Learner can identify the rising and
falling tone of the speaker
And understand the meaning of
speaker
22. Students will be able to express their
own meaning with the help of
different rising and falling tune.
Listen and identify the rising and
falling tones in sentences.
26. Warm up
The rising and falling tone of speaker can
effect the meaning of words and
sentences.who will tell me?
Anyone can tell me?the words and sentences
that have dual meaning tell me in your own
language.
Read one sentence with two different styles
and ask the students wheather this style
have change the meaning or not?
27. Development
I have read some sentences with
different styles and told them how
the style of speaker can change the
meaning of words. For example:
It was nice.(mean to say it is good,I
like it.)
It was nice? (I am surprised what are
you saying this was not good).
28. Blue is my favourite colour.(telling
blue is liked by me).
Blue is my favourite colour? ( not blue
some other colour is favourite).
She’ is my friend.( really she is my
friend.
She is my’ friend.(only my not others).
29. She is my friend’.(what are you saying
she is not mine,rather another
relation is).
After that I wrote the definition of
intonation on whiteboard and tells
them different kinds of it.After this
I also shows the charts.
31. Structure of intonation
Structurally intonation has tone groups which
consist of tail nucleus head and pre-
head.These gropus consist of a series of
rise and fall in the pitch.
Falling Tones:
Used for statement:
He is very old.
Used for question beginning with question
words.
Who was the man?
32. Rising Tones
Used for statement,
He is very old.
Used for questions beginning
with questios words.
Who was the man?
35. Function Of Intonation
Actually,intonation is very difficult
area of phonetic
investigation.When a foreign
learner tries to observe
intonation,it is often difficult for
him to recognise,what falling tone
is what a rising tone is,
36. Attitudinal Function:
It enables us to express emotions
and attitude when we speak.
When can you come?
(normal,falling tone)
When can you come?
(polite,question rise tone).
37. Grammatical Functions:
It enables us to recognise the
grammatical syntactical structure of
what is being said,and it is the
grammatical function of intonation.
He is arriving late.(statement,falling).
He is arriving late? (question,rising
tone).
38. Accentual Attitude
By accent,we can change meaning.
I went to college. (to college,no
where else).
I went to college. (I,and no one
else)
39. Activity#1
I have wrote the sentence on the
whiteboard.
Are you hungry?
My brother name is Ali.
Now,I say to the learners.Read aloud these
sentences.Underline the stressed words in
sentence,now again,I ask the students to
try reading aloud again,with more focous on
stressed words on this time.
40. Activity#2
I have wrote the one sentence on the board.
Water is good for the body.
One student stand up and read the
sentence,Now another student,stand up
and read out this sentence in different
variation.Now the third student stand up
and tell me what is the difference between
two sentence,both students have read.
41. Activity#3
I play the tape recorder,and ask the
students listen carefully,what he
said,After listening the
sentence,write down on your
notebooks.After that I said,students
come in front of class and speak
whatever you have listen.
42. Activity#4
I make the pairs of students and
say,make the different setences that
contain at least two different
meaning,After this,I call the pairs
one by one and say in pairs,one speak
one sentence and 2nd
student speak
some sentence with different
variation.
43. It’s raining. (what a surprise).
It’s raining. (how annoying,now how
can we go outside).
It’s raining. (That’s graet the weather
will be pleasant).
44.
45.
46. Sum.Up
On this stage,again I tell the students
abouut intonation and different kinds
of it,with examples,and briefly tell
them about the rise and fall of voice.
I am going to London.
I speak this sentence in different
styles for further clearification.
47. Assessment
Ask to the students,tell me what is
intonation?
Tell the different kinds ofit.
How the rise and fall of speakers’
voice can play vital role.
Speak one sentence in different
way,so,that it convey different
meaning.
48. Follow Up
All the students will watch tv,and
radio and will listen their
dialouges, and you will observe
how the different meaning
according to situation.You will
make sentence and next day all of
you will give the performance in
pairs.
49. Conclusion
I have applied my lesson plan in
different schools in different
classes,9th
,10th
.And I find positive
result on behalf of the
students.Because,first of all I set my
objectives what I want from
students.For doing anything a person
should sets the goals and
objectives,what he wants.
50. And in teaching field goals should be
SMART
specific,measurable,achievable,releva
nt and time bounded.(Grant,Anthony
M,(september 2012),And integrated
model of goal focused coaching:an
evidence based framework for
teaching and practice.
51. After that I select the “Eclectic Approach”
in my teaching,because in the class all the
students are not intelligent,some are sharp
and some are very dull and average are also
there.And blending of different methods
we can slove the problems of all the
student in the class.”The Eclectic
Approach” was proposed as a reaction to
the profession of teaching methods in
1970’s & 1980’s.
52. “Memorandum on the Teaching Of Modern
Languages”published in 1929,by
recommended the Eclectic compromise
method as a solution to the language
teaching method debate.
Audio-Visual Aids:
I also used audio visual aids in the class for
making my lesson effective and easily
understandable for students.
53. Because related Audio Visual Aids arouse the
interest of the students,and easily
understandable for them.I also used white
boards,charts and pictures in audio visual
aids.They are easily available in every
classroom.And teacher himself can make
beautiful and neat charts for students.The
audio visual aids arouse the interest of the
students and every student take part in
the lesson.
54. In presentation stage,I made the groups and
later pairs of the students.Because of this
every student was active.And they make
their own sentences through this,they can
improve their thinking and writing
capabilities.When they made their
sentences,I call student one by one,come in
front of the class and read the
sentences,so,their confidence also
increased.
55. In assessment stage,when I asked everyone
give me answer,and only few mistakes they
committ,but most of was correct.That
shows the effectivnes of my lesson
plan.And in the end,of the lecture I find
out that all of my objectives that I have
set are fulfilled.All of the students
now,know about intonation and different
tones of speaker falling,rising and level
tones.
56. Because their all work are done in the
class during the lecture,so they have
no burden.Everyone enjoy the lesson
and learn it.In the end.it can be said
lesson planning is necessary for
teachers and also help better
understanding for both teachers and
students.
