1. Gastritis is inflammation of the lining of the stomach that is usually caused by Helicobacter pylori infection or excessive alcohol or drug use. It can be acute or chronic. 2. Common causes include H. pylori infection, NSAIDs, alcohol, bile reflux, autoimmune disorders, and stress. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and black stools from bleeding. 3. Diagnosis involves blood tests, endoscopy, and stool tests. Treatment focuses on eliminating the cause, using antacids or other drugs to reduce stomach acid, and antibiotics to treat H. pylori infection. Preventing overuse of NSAIDs and limiting alcohol and sp

1. 1
UNIVERSIDAD TECNICA DE MACHALA
ACADEMIC UNIT OF CHEMICAL
SCIENCES AND HEALTH
MEDICINE SCHOOL
ENGLISH
GASTRITIS
STUDENTS
William Cruz
Kevin Herrera
TEACHER:
Mgs. Barreto Huilcapi Lina Maribel
CLASS:
EIGHTH SEMESTER ‘’A’’
Machala, El Oro
2018

2. 2
Gastritis
Definition
It is a general term used to refer to a group of diseases that have one thing in
common: the inflammation of the lining of the stomach. The inflammation of gastritis
is usually caused by the same bacterial infection that causes most stomach ulcers. The
frequent use of certain analgesics and drinking too much alcohol can also contribute
to gastritis.
Gastritis can occur suddenly (acute gastritis) or occur slowly over time (chronic
gastritis). In some cases, gastritis can cause ulcers and an increased risk of stomach
cancer. However, for most people, gastritis is not serious and improves quickly with
treatment.
Etiology
The causes that can cause inflammation of the lining of the stomach are:
 Some drugs, such as acetylsalicylic acid, naproxen, or ibuprofen.
 Infection of the stomach with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori.
 Abuse of alcohol or ingestion of corrosive substances, such as some type of
poison.

3. 3
 Ingestion of spicy foods
 Cocaine consumption.
 Smoke.
 Reflux of bile into the stomach or bile reflux.
 Autoimmune disorders
 Viral infection, especially in people with deficits in the immune system.
 Excessive stress
Other less common causes that can cause gastritis are the fact of having undergone
major surgery or suffering from a gastric illness that can inflame the stomach lining.
Signs and symptoms
Although in some occasions this pathology does not present symptoms, the people
who suffer it can experience the following annoyances:
 Abdominal pain.
 Nausea and vomiting.
 Heartburn.
 Aerophagia.
 Absence of hunger or lack of appetite, which can sometimes lead to weight
loss.
 Black stools and bloody vomiting, in the event that gastritis causes bleeding in
the lining of the stomach.
Diagnosis
The severity of the disease and its duration depend on the causative agent, so that in
most cases the gastritis is cured when the substance, disease or condition that causes
it disappears. The main complications that can occur are bleeding and the increased
risk of stomach cancer. Sometimes, if the mucous lining the stomach remains too
long altered, acids can cause ulcers.

4. 4
Among the tests and tests that can be performed to detect gastritis is the blood test, in
order to analyze the level of red blood cells and detect a possible anemia that can lead
to a weakening of the lining of the stomach; a gastroscopy to check the inside of the
stomach and the state of the mucous membranes; a stool test to check for bleeding,
which can be a sign of gastrointestinal bleeding caused by gastritis and also to detect
the presence of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori.
Treatment
The treatment depends on what is causing the problem. Some of the causes will
disappear with time.
You may need to stop taking acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), ibuprofen, naproxen, or
other medications that may be causing gastritis. Always check with your health care
provider before stopping any medication.
You can use other over-the-counter and prescription drugs that decrease the amount
of acid in your stomach, such as:
Antacids
Antagonists H2: famotidine (Pepsid), cimetidine (Tagamet), ranitidine (Zantac) and
nizatidine (Axid)
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): omeprazole (Prilosec), esomeprazole (Nexium),
iansoprazole (Prevacid), rabeprazole (AcipHex) and pantoprazole (Protonix)
Antacids may be used to treat chronic gastritis caused by infection with the bacterium
Helicobacter pylori.
Prevention
The prevention of gastritis is to avoid the use of substances that can inflame the lining
of the stomach. Avoid prolonged use of medications such as naproxen, ibuprofen or
acetylsalicylic acid, as well as reducing or suppressing the intake of alcohol and foods

5. 5
that may irritate the stomach lining, will prevent the development of gastritis caused
by this type of agents.
Bibliography
 Croxtall JD, Perry CM, Keating GM. Esomeprazole in gastroesophageal
reflux disease in children and adolescents. Pediatr Drugs 2008; 10: 199-205.
 Croom KF, Scott LJ. Lansoprazole in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux
disease in children and adolescents. Drugs 2005; 65: 2129-2135.
 Dohil R, Hassall E. Gastritis, gastropathy and ulcer disease. R. Wyllie and JS
Hyams Ed. Pediatric Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease, 2006; 373-407.