This document provides tips and tricks for using the command line more efficiently. It discusses using SSH configuration files and the screen command to manage terminal sessions. Other topics covered include compressing files with tar, navigating directories more easily, monitoring log files, managing background processes, and using shortcuts to save time typing commands.

1. @ma$hewhaworth

2. SSH@ma$hewhaworth

3. Make use of SSH
config
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4. SSH Config file
# ~/.ssh/config
Host myclient-dev
HostName dev.example.com
Port 2020
User myclientu
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
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5. SSH Config file
# ~/.ssh/config
Host myclient-dev
HostName dev.example.com
Port 2020
User myclientu
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
$ ssh myclient-dev
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6. Use screen
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7. screen
Start terminal sessions that you can
disconnect from and resume at any
3me.
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8. Screen Cheatsheet
# Create and name a new screen session
$ screen -S <name>
# Detach from screen (but keep it alive)
$ Ctrl+a d
# Resume a named session
$ screen -r <name>
# List active sessions
$ screen -ls
# Catch all (use existing, or create new)
$ screen -dRR
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9. Escape a dead
SSH connec-on
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10. Enter ~ .
Kills a dead SSH session and lets you
keep your terminal
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11. Files@ma$hewhaworth

12. Tricks to ge,ng
around
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13. This makes me want to kill you
$ cd app
$ cd code
$ cd MyVendor
$ cd MyModule
$ cd etc
$ cd ../../..
$ cd ..
$ cd ..
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14. This is much nicer
$ cd app/code/MyVendor/MyModule/etc
$ cd -
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15. Using tar for archiving and compression
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16. Tar
tar czf myarchive.tar.gz <files>
c - Create new archive
z - Zip
f - Filename
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17. @ma$hewhaworth

18. T-arghh!
$ tar czf magento_backup.tar.gz <files>
c - Create
z - Ze
f - Files
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19. T-arghh!
$ tar czf magento_backup.tar.gz <files>
c - Create
z - Ze
f - Files
$ tar xzf magento_backup.tar.gz
x - eXtract
z - Ze
f - Files
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20. A bit more on tar
# Extract to specific directory
$ tar xf magento_ce.tar.gz -C myDirectory
# Only extract a particular file
$ tar xf magento_ce.tar.gz magento
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21. mkdir magic
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22. mkdir magic
-p allows you to create children and parents at the
same 4me
# Verbose
$ mkdir app && mkdir app/code && mkdir app/code/MyModule
# Better
$ mkdir -p app/code/MyModule
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23. mkdir magic
Using {} allows you to create mul4ple directories at
once
$ mkdir -p app/code/MHCommerce/{ShippingMethods,Checkout}/{Block,Model,etc}
└── app
└── code
└── MHCommerce
├── Checkout
│ ├── Block
│ ├── Model
│ └── etc
└── ShippingMethods
├── Block
├── Model
└── etc
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24. tree
$ brew install tree
$ tree
└── app
└── code
└── MHCommerce
├── Checkout
│ ├── Block
│ ├── Model
│ └── etc
└── ShippingMethods
├── Block
├── Model
└── etc
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25. Keeping an eye on files
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26. less and Shift + F
Browse file and s-ck to the bo3om
$ less var/log/system.log
[Shift + F]
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27. tail -f
Print end of file to standard out
# Prints last ten lines to standard out
$ tail var/log/system.log
# Prints the end of the file continuously
$ tail -f var/log/system.log
# Print last x lines
$ tail -f -n20 var/log/system.log
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28. watch
Con$nuously execute a command
$ brew install watch
$ watch -n[update_interval] "[command]"
$ watch -n1 "cat var/log/system.log"
$ watch -n0.1 "ls -lsah"
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29. Other useful file based commands
- grep - Filter lines in a file
- sed - Find and replace on a file
- awk - More complex text manipulation
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30. Processes
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31. Keeping processes
quiet
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32. Background Processes with &
$ tar czf backup.tar.gz magento &
[1] 13281
$ jobs
[1] + running tar czf backup.tar.gz magento
# some time later ...
[1] + 13281 done tar czf backup.tar.gz magento
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33. Hal$ng Processes
$ tar czf backup.tar.gz magento
[Ctrl + z]
[1] + 13552 suspended tar czf backup.tar.gz magento
$ bg
[1] + 13552 continued tar czf backup.tar.gz magento
$ jobs
[1] + running tar czf backup.tar.gz magento
$ fg
[1] + 13613 running tar czf backup.tar.gz magento
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34. Hal$ng SSH
SSH is just another process, it can be halted and
resumed in the same way
$ ssh my-client-staging
my-client-staging $
Enter + ~ then [Ctrl + z]
[1] + 13702 suspended ssh my-client-staging
$ fg
[1] + 13702 continued ssh my-client-staging
my-client-staging $ ls #...
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35. Pipe viewer
View the progress of pipe'd input
$ brew install pv
$ pv db.sql | mysql -uroot my_client_db
178MiB 0:00:38 [17.9MiB/s] [==========> ] 60% ETA 0:00:28
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36. Other useful process based commands
- top - See a process list
- htop - See a colourful and more interactive process list
- ps - Print out processes to std out, use `ps aux`
- kill - Kill a process by id
- killall - Kill all processes with a certain name
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37. Shortcuts
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38. Forgot sudo? Lazy?
$ service mysql restart
Permission denied
$ sudo !!
MySQL restarted
# equivalent to...
$ sudo service mysql restart
MySQL restarted
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39. Already wri+en a file path once? Lazy?
$ ls -lash app/etc/env.php
$ vim !$
# equivalent to...
$ vim app/etc/env.php
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40. Want to pull in a command from history?
$ history
...
1028 ls -lash
1029 vim app/etc/local.xml
1030 rm app/etc/local.xml
# Re-run command 1028
$ !1028
OR
[Ctrl + r] allows you to search through previous commands
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41. Wri$en a command that's star1ng to
get too long?
[Ctrl + x] [Ctrl + e]
This will open a text editor containing the command
you currently have wri7en on the command line
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42. Further Reading
Mac users
---------
- https://brew.sh/ - Homebrew
- https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh
All Unix
--------
- http://www.commandlinefu.com/
- https://github.com/learnbyexample/
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43. Thank you!
Specifically those who suffered my prac5ce runs...
Sam Beckingham-Cook: @SamboBeckingham
Lee Frankland: @leefrankland
Lissie Cox: @LissieCox
Phil Turner: @FlipTurner
Vinai Kopp: @VinaiKopp
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