Pre Production assignment

1. Pre Production
Requirements

2. Financing
 When it comes to pre production finance is a crucial part of it as films cost money
its not free some films cost insane amounts up to $300 million as cast and crew
need to be paid its their jobs, facilities such as sets or buildings if being hired the
companies or people who own them need to paid as well as they are giving you
access to their property for you to film on if its set in a different country you need
to pay to get permission for filming.
 Equipment must also be purchased for the final production and you need
financing for this, if soundtracks need to be provided you will have to contact the
music label or the artist to purchase the rights to use the song in your film
otherwise it can result in being sued for breach of copyright

3. Financing 2
 Also with financing you need to buy props and costumes for example if your
doing a western film you will need to buy or rent replica guns or buy or rent real
guns used during that period and make sure they are safe for your actors to use
you will also have gather accurate clothing to that time period
 also transport must be used if your production takes place in different country
you will have to source flights for your crew and cast or if it takes place in a
different city you will have to source trains or buses to transport them

4. Private Financing
 They are two types of financing private and public Private financing entails with the film
maker approaching companies and private investors such as doctors or business
men/women this also sometimes introduces ownership to the investors for their
contribution towards the film and the film has to be financially attractive this means that
the film or the idea has the ability to make a profit.
 There is other ways of private funding like Kickstarter which offers ways for the public to
become private investors and back projects up and get rewarded for instance they get
dvd copies or autographs from the cast. This is a good way to raise money to make a film
as many people can get involved in the project and it can be beneficial.
 Advantages to private funding is that you get more money with private funding
disadvantages is that private funding is harder to get as you have to lure people or
companies in that are interested in investing in your film

5. Public Funding
 Public Funding can be given from the BFI or part of it from the national lottery this
is where the filmmakers is given a grant to produce the film there is advantages to
public funding as its slightly easier to get a hold of and they are open to any ideas
and they want to support young filmmakers.
 The disadvantages are with public less money is given to make a film where as
with private normally more is given so its easier when you have more money as
you don’t have to budget things as much. Advantages to public funding is that it’s
a bit easier to get a hold of and the bfi are more interested in helping young
British filmmakers as they are trying to get more British films made.

6. Timescales
 Having effective time management in pre production is crucial and essential as it if
you get stuck behind it can really mess with your time in production and slow
down the overall production.
 Your cast and crew will commit to certain time schedules and if you go over the
time schedule they may no longer be available or they may be doing another job
 Realistic schedules for production and post must be made if shooting overruns
and gets delayed this impacts the cast and crew and it can spend more of your
budget.

7. Timescale example
 James Cameron's titanic had its own type of disaster during production as
sometimes the cast and crew were submerged underwater for days and they were
getting sick constantly this delayed shooting and the overall finishing of the film
there was also a extreme case where the crew were spiked with pcp and many of
them had to be rushed to hospital which again delayed production and cost the
film more put of the budget, however it paid off in the end as titanic became the
highest grossing film until James Cameron's other film 2009s avatar.

8. Facilities
 Another crucial element to the pre production is making sure you have the
facilities to shoot your film this being the materials and equipment that is needed
to make a successful film you have to think about how you will get your hands on
it and for how long will it be long enough for your production? Will you need
certain types or amounts of equipment for a specific scene an example of this
would be a certain lense Zeiss Master Primes which was used during the shooting
for blade runner 2049. You also have to plan what props and costumes are
needed during your shoot.


9. Locations
 Successful pre production must have the locations sourced and you must have the
permission to film there otherwise you can be sued and other legal actions can be
issued
 You must make sure that your location is safe for your cast and crew to work on
calculate are they any risks if so how can you eliminate them or make them safer.
 With your location and your shooting you must also take into the account of the
weather is the weather suitable for your shot or do you have to wait it put or do
another shot until the weather is correct for you.
 You must also consider the distance of your filming is it reachable in your time
period you must send someone to scout them before.

10. Personal
 Special personal must be considered if you are doing a certain type of film for
example a film about martial arts an example of this would be karate kid a martial
arts instructor will need to be hired for this they are crucial to the pre production
because you would need a source of knowledge and someone experienced in that
type of fighting.
 In the movie ip man Donnie Yen the main actor was well trained in martial arts he
did most of his own stunts due to his expierenced knowledge in that field

11. Additional Materials
 Additional materials may be required for certain genres for instance if you were
doing a crime film you may need more suits for a the film you may need more gun
props or more cars possibly more costumes these are important to the crime
genre as they widely used and quite often several crime films they must be
considered to have a successful production and experience

12. Codes of practice and regulation
 There is many important practice and regulations you must think of during pre
production you must consider the health and well being of your cast and crew if a
dangerous stunt is being performed you must make sure its safe so nobody dies.
 You must also consider you are not ignoring the trade union as your cast and crew can
not be overworked they have human rights and they can't be abused or deprived of
these
 Permission must be secured for your locations otherwise it can end up with a lawsuit
for filming on property you do not own
 These procedures are effective because if they weren't filmmaking would be harder
and cast and crew could be overworked without consequences

13. The formats for pre production process

14. The proposal
 A proposal is what is used when you are pitching your film its where you give the
description of your idea and explain how you are going to do it its purpose is to
get investors to fund you movie and to help you create it and to give the possible
investors a brief over the film and show what your plan is. You must also show
who your target audience is in your proposal and this is the type of thing possible
investors look for.
 Proposals most of the time include stuff like characters screenplay locations and
have many other details you have impress the investors with this to get a
greenlight on your project as the investors are doing this to make a profit and
expect to make money off your idea.

15. Master Scene Script
 A master scene script is what is used in the film industry if your script is not written in
master scene script potential investors may not even look at it this is because master
scene script is easier for the creators to look at and to understand its also easier to
read as well.
 Master scene script also shows variety of dialogue and other descriptions of the scene
by the way its neat layout is describing what is happening and it makes it clear when
specific characters are talking. MSS is mostly set up in different sections one being the
dialogue blocks and they you have a description for narrative this gives investors and
producers a clear and easy view of the script.
 Some convention of MSS is always used in courier and its specifically typed in size 12
Slug lines and characters names are consistently written in block capitals.

16. Shooting Scripts
 A shooting script is a type of script used when you are actually in the production
of the film the way they are formatted is very helpful to the creator if they ask for
it.
 Shooting scripts are very different from master scene scripts however a MSS is
used to sell your film its used to pitch your ideas to the investors a MSS doesn't
include what type of shots must used in this it just has the brief of the scene. A
production script is used during the production and includes numbers on scenes
and where certain cameras must be put for the shot the MSS doesn't include this
production scripts are for the creative side of the film not the pitching side this is
what is carried around during production.

17. Storyboards
 As soon as the creator has finished the script and gathered funding the final script
in then changed into a storyboard. A storyboards purpose is to assess the
screenplay and picture it in terms of separate shots that then can be transcribed
into solo storyboarding panels This can be really helpful to film directors and
cinematographers as it helps envision the scene and finds problems that could
flag up in the future of production.
 Storyboarding may also help estimate the cost of the general production and
could also be and effective time management device.

18. Shooting Schedules
 A shooting schedule is used during production to map out what will be shot at the
time of day how long will it take and how it will be shot etc. it is organized into a
efficient order so no mistakes are easily made.
 The director will use a shooting schedule so he can make his film run as smoothly
as possible and he will try not to run into mistakes and mistakes can be easily
avoided when using a shooting schedule have a smooth shoot can cut down time
constraints and use less money in the overall budget it will also allow plenty of
time for the film to be shot.
 Schedules are effective so the director and the cast and crew do not waste time as
making a movie has its time scales and certain things must be completed on time.

19. Other paperwork
 They are many types of paperwork that could be used to gather information some
of these are.
 Location Forms (These are for proper permission to film on property you do not
own Example universal set you would need someone at universal to give you
written permission to film on the set.
 Risk assessments need to be submitted these are to prevent and minimize risks.
Location scout papers will also need to be completed because you have to get the
permission from the owners of the property or land
 You must also get copyright clearance if you are using copyright material this will
prevent you from getting sued.


20. Functions of pre production

21. Functions of pre production
 The functions of pre productions are crucial to the project as a lot of feedback can
be given and it allows ideas to be revised and improved a script can go through
many many drafts as well as this script editors can be used to check the script for
potential problems also multiple writers may also write on the one project instead
of having them do different things this helps with creativity in the production this
allows each member of the team to have their input. Other reasons that
companies do pre productions is so they can get effective planning ideas so that
the project doesn't’t spiral out of control during production. For example during
Skyfall's pre production it was suggested that Adele would do the soundtrack and
this generated a massive fan base towards the film also helping out the film this
was a great idea in the pre production which pushed more success to the film.

22. The Purpose of pre production
 The purpose of the pre production is to focus more on the legal and ethical responsibilities
and requirements of the film industry with the legal issues you must consider the health
and safety this being that your actors or crew will not get hurt or in risk of death you must
also take in thought of the copy right material if its owned by someone else you must get
the rights to it to avoid getting sued or if its on YouTube it will get removed from YouTube
and you will receive a copyright strike. Filming permission must be secured if your filming
on property you don’t own you may be sued for trespassing on private property you will
also have to gather permission from your actors this is consent from them so you can film
then without breaching there privacy. You have to go through the bbfc to make sure your
film is suitable in pre production, you will also have to tell your investors what type of film
you will be making to gather the right funding and to please your investors otherwise when
its made it could get instantly banned or you could be forced to trim the film down as you
have to understand what the film certification is you cant pitch a film for children then
make a film for adults as you are going to be scaring away customers a ruining potential
profits. Doing this could result in you losing your film ownership.

23. The purpose of pre production 2
 You must also take public liability in though of making a film are the public in
danger in your film because if they are you have to think about how you can make
it as safe as possible otherwise this could result in the public taking legal action if
put at risk as well you take into account that you could get into trouble for filming
the public without their permission.