2. • After the 1948 election, the social and
economic problem still exist
• This caused 2 riots to take place as a
dissatisfaction with the British rule
• The 2 major riots is the Maria Hertogh Riot
and the Anti-National Service Riot
3. Maria Hertogh Riot
• This riot took place from the 11th of
December 1950 to the 13th December 1950
• People involved in this riot
– Maria Hertogh, born to Dutch Catholic parents
– Che Aminah, her foster mother
– Adeline Hertogh, Maria’s natural mother
– The Muslim community
4. • During the Japanese Occupation, Adeline
Hertogh was the Prisoner of War. Maria was
then raised by Che Aminah
• Che Aminah raised Maria as a Muslim and
changed her name to Nadra
• When Adeline Hertogh was released from
the Prisoner of War, Che Aminah don’t want
to return Maria
5. • This issue was then brought to court
• In May 1950, the judge judged that Maria
should be returned to Adeline Hertogh.
However, Che Aminah filed up an appeal and
in July 1950, the judge judged that Che
Aminah should keep Maria.
• In August 1950, Maria married a Malay
teacher , Mansoor Adabi.
6. • The court accused Maria’s marriage because
first, she was 13 when she was married, this
made it an underage marriage which was not
recognized as the Dutch law. Secondly, the
marriage was not agreed by Adeline Aminah
• The Muslim community was very upset about
the court’s decision and they think that the
British did not respect the Muslim law
• Maria was placed in a Catholic convent in
Thomson Road
7. • Many reporters went to the convent and
published controversial photographs
showing Maria being surrounded by the
Christian faith symbol
• Che Aminah appealed again to win back
Maria but it was rejected on 11 December
1950. The Muslims who had gathered in the
Padang to hear the decision started the riot
8. • They were angry because they felt that the
British only sided the Dutch parents and
they felt that the British is not sensitive to
the Muslim community’s feeling.
• They assault Europeans and even burn cars
• The riot take place for 3 days. The
government had to implement a restriction
for 2 weeks
9. • They also ask for help fro the armies to help
maintain the law and order. This controlled
the riot on 13 December 1950.
• 18 people were killed and 173 people were
injured in the riot
• The riot caused business and economy to be
affected. It also caused social disorder which
affected people’s lives.
10. • Races was stiffed because the other races
did not understand the other cultures and
customs
11. Anti-National Service Riot
• This riot took place in the 13th of May 1954.
• The Chinese-educated students were
involved.
• In 1954, the National Service was
introduced. This was to let all man at the
age of 18 to 20 to go for National Service
which was the army.
12. • The Chinese secondary school students
don’t want to go for national service
because they felt that the British had been
ignoring the Chinese students’ interest and
thus don’t want to go for National service.
Some of the students were also above 20
years old because of the war which
disrupted their education.
13. • Thus, they don’t want to go for national service
because it was only for man from age 18 to 20.
• On the day of registration, very less students
from Chung Cheng High School and Chinese
High School turned up for the registration.
• On the 13th of May 1954, more than a thousand
people gathered outside the government house
to show their request to the governor
14. • It was originally a peaceful
demonstration, but it was conflicted with
the police when the students were called
out and a riot occurred
• This riot caused 26 people to die and 48
students to be arrested.
• This riot made the Chinese community
show sympathy to the students
15. • The Chinese community also hate the police
to use force on the Chinese students
• The Chinese community become conscious
about politic and this caused the anti-British
sentiments among them to become stronger
