Wind and solar energy in Poland

1. Mirosław Więcław
Institute of Geography

2. Rotor
Tower
Nacelle
Parts of a turbine
Source: www.ecoplanetenergy.com
Wind energy is converted into electricity using
wind turbines.

3. Representative turbine architectures
from 1980 to 2010 (source: NREL)
Historical cost of wind energy
(source: NREL)

4. Changes in total installed capacity of wind turbines in Poland in the
years 2001-2013

5. Wind energy zones in Poland (source: IMGW-PIB)
Zones:
I highly favorable
II very favorable
III favorable
IV little favorable
V unfavorable

6. Province Capacity (MW)
West Pomerania Province 1154,2
Pomerania Province 459,8
Kujawy-Pomerania Province 454,2
Wielkopolska Province 319,3
Łódź Province 315,8
Warmia-Masuria Province 238,1
Mazovia Province 222,5
Podlasie Province 162,4
Opole Province 122,7
Podkarpacie Province 103,7
Lower Silesia Province 85,4
Lubuskie Province 56,6
Silesia Province 18,0
Świętokrzyskie Province 9,0
Małopolska Province 3,5
Lublin Province 2,2
Wind power capacity in Poland by province (as of 30 June 2014)
source: Energy Regulatory Office

7. The biggest wind farms in Poland
are located in Wielkopolska
Province and on the coast.
In Margonin (Wielkopolska
Province) is 60 wind turbines
with a total capacity of 120 MW.
A similar power is the power
station in Mieleszyn.
Source: margonin.pl
Source: polskaniezwykła.pl

8. Source: www.energetykon.pl
Source: www.energa.pl
Source: www.kolumber.pl
Source: Google
Wind farm in Karścino near
Kolobrzeg (Baltic coast)

9. The main uses of solar energy
photothermal
conversion
photovoltaic
conversion

10. Source: www.solar-for-energy.com
Source: www.greenspec.co.uk
Photothermal conversion involves converting solar radiation into
heat energy using solar collectors. This method is used primarily
for heating water.
Solar collector
Installation for heating water

11. solar cell
Source: en.wikipedia.org
solar panels
Source: www.slashgear.com
Photovoltaic conversion is to conversion of solar radiation
into electricity using solar cells.

12. Source: Monier Braas
Source: www.instalacjebudowlane.pl
In Poland, the energy from the
sun is produced based
primarily on solar collectors.
Power of installed and used solar
collectors in Poland is 1.2 GW
(data for 2015). On the European
market every year Poland occupies
one of the first places in terms of
the growth rate of installed
collectors power.

13. Source: www.gramwzielone.pl
In recent years, also it takes a very dynamic development of
solar powers using photovoltaic cells.
The increase in installed capacity in solar power plants in Poland

14. Source: AMB Energia
Source: UM Kolno
Source: tvn24.pl
Source: tvn24.pl
The largest solar power plants are
located in Kolno in Podlasie
Province (1.8 MW) and in Gubin –
Lubuskie Province (1.5 MW)
Kolno
Kolno
Gubin
Gubin

15. 0
5
10
15
20
December
JuneMJ*m-2*d-1
The main disadvantage of solar
energy is its seasonality. Changes
in the height of the sun, the length
of day and cloud cover in Poland
cause that in June, the daily sum of
the total solar radiation is 10 times
higher than in December.
The average daily sum of the total
solar radiation in central Poland
(on the basis: Miara, Paszyński,
Grzybowski, 1987)

16. 0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:30
11:30
12:30
13:30
14:30
15:30
16:30
17:30
18:30
19:30
20:30
21:30
22:30
23:30
Kglob (Wm-2)
hoursJanuary July
Solar radiation ceases at night,
and its intensity during the day
significantly is modified by
cloud cover.
The average daily course of the total solar
radiation intensity in Bydgoszcz (source:
Więcław, 2009)
The total solar radiation intensity depending on the degree
of covering solar disc through the clouds (source: Wolf –
Technika Solarna, 2009)

17. The advantages of wind and solar energy:
• it helps to reduce carbon dioxide emissions,
• it is inexhaustible,
• its acquisition costs are getting lower,
• it creates new workplaces and the possibility of the use of fallow
lands,
• it allows to power hard to reach areas.