My colaboration co-curated with London School of hygiene and Tropical medicine

1. Vaccination
Dynamic Briefing
Generated 01 September 2020 for Marco Antonio Gonzalez

2. Vaccination
Co-curated with London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Last review on Wed 19 August 2020
About
This dynamic briefing draws on the collective intelligence of the Forum network to explore the key trends,
interconnections and interdependencies between industry, regional and global issues. In the briefing, you
will find a visual representation of this topic (Transformation Map – interactive version available online via
intelligence.weforum.org ), an overview and the key trends affecting it, along with summaries and links to
the latest research and analysis on each of the trends. Briefings for countries also include the relevant
data from the Forum’s benchmarking indices. The content is continuously updated with the latest
thinking of leaders and experts from across the Forum network, and with insights from Forum meetings,
projects communities and activities.
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Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

3. 1. Vaccine Hesitancy
Anti-vaccine groups have gained influence around the
world, potentially undermining the COVID-19 response.
2. Economic and Business Implications of
Vaccination
Employers have a duty to encourage responsible
behaviour during pandemics.
3. Trust, Misinformation and Health
False rumours and conspiracy theories have undermined
many public health efforts.
4. Vaccinating for Security
Anti-vaccination campaigns can be stirred by genuine
concern or a cynical desire to manipulate.
5. Vaccinating Against Pandemics
Building trust in a COVID-19 vaccine will be essential for
the “great reset” to a new normal.
6. Vaccination and the Workplace
Workers subjected to extensive social contact and
mobility should be first in line for COVID-19 vaccinations.
Executive summary
Vaccines are the most effective means to prevent infectious diseases and their complications. Over the
past few decades, morbidity and mortality attributable to vaccine-preventable diseases such as measles,
mumps, and polio have dramatically declined as immunization coverage increased - especially in
countries with routine vaccination programs. However, global vaccine uptake has stagnated, as
misinformation and anti-vaccination propaganda have become widespread. While healthcare
professionals remain the most trusted sources of related information, a growing number of people are
being influenced by biased news sources and social media. Now, as the world looks ahead to a potential
COVID-19 vaccine, technology giants are under pressure to remove harmful distortions and inaccuracies
from their platforms.
This Transformation Map is informed by the views of a wide range of experts from the World Economic
Forum’s Expert Network and is curated in partnership with Heidi Larson, Founding Director of the
Vaccine Confidence Project and Professor of Anthropology, Risk and Decision Science at the London
School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Special thanks to GAVI, IFPMA, and the Red Cross for their
contributions.
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Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

4. Vaccine Hesitancy
Anti-vaccine groups have gained influence around the world, potentially undermining
the COVID-19 response
The past decade has seen increased hesitancy around the
world to embrace vaccines. In 2019, the World Health
Organization named vaccine hesitancy as one of the top 10
threats to global health, alongside issues like air pollution,
climate change, non-communicable disease, influenza
pandemics, antimicrobial resistance, and weak primary
healthcare. There is a significant amount of evidence
showing that decreases in vaccination uptake can lead to
increases in vaccine-preventable diseases. For example, in
2018 - despite the existence of a safe and effective vaccine -
there were more than 140,000 deaths worldwide resulting
from measles, most of which occurred among children. This
was a direct result of a decrease in vaccination rates. While
some of this decrease was due to access issues related to
weak health systems, conflict and insecurity, or natural
disasters, there was also an element of vaccine hesitancy
and refusal at play. Declines in vaccine coverage like this
threaten to reverse gains made in combatting vaccine-
preventable diseases. Vaccine hesitancy may also be a
challenge to overcome in relation to COVID-19; if enough
people refuse to receive a vaccine shown to protect against
the disease, it could undermine efforts to achieve herd
immunity.
Anti-vaccine groups are highly organized and have broad
reach and influence in many countries. One quarter of
Americans are hesitant about getting a COVID-19
vaccination, and nearly a fifth say they will not get one. The
preliminary results of a survey run by the Vaccine Confidence
Project (which monitors public trust in vaccination programs
worldwide) and ORB International showed that between
mid-March and mid-April of 2020, one-fifth of Swiss
respondents and 18% of those in France said they would
refuse a coronavirus vaccine. Among Austrians, the number
was 16%, while it was 9% in Germany. In another study in
France, 26% of those surveyed said they would not take a
COVID-19 vaccine if one became available. The Welcome
Trust Global Monitor in 2018 showed that confidence levels
in the safety of vaccines generally vary around the world. In
Japan, only 32% of the public believes vaccines are safe,
while in China the figure was 72% - which still demonstrates
an underlying level of concern. Building confidence in
vaccination more broadly will be a critical component of
making any new COVID-19 vaccine effective.
Related insight areas: The Great Reset, Future of Media,
Entertainment and Culture, Leadership in the Fourth
Industrial Revolution, Future of Health and Healthcare,
Values, Pandemic Preparedness and Response, Global
Health, Civic Participation, Mental Health, COVID-19, Global
Risks
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Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

5. World Health Organization
WHO's Science in 5 - Herd Immunity
28 August 2020
Watch WHO experts explain science related to
COVID-19. Today, the concept is Herd Immunity. .
Asian Development Bank
Rebooting the economy: The global
race to develop and deliver a COVID-
19 vaccine
27 August 2020
Developing a vaccine for COVID-19 within one year is a
herculean task. Getting the vaccine to the hundreds of
millions if not billions of people who need it—especially in
poorer countries—may be even harder.
Kaiser Health News
Rather Than Give Away Its COVID
Vaccine, Oxford Makes a Deal With
Drugmaker
25 August 2020
In a business driven by profit, vaccines have a problem.
They’re not very profitable — at least not without
government subsidies. Pharma companies favor expensive
medicines that must be taken repeatedly and generate
revenue for years or decades.
The Conversation
India is key for global access to a
COVID-19 vaccine – here's why
24 August 2020
A richest-takes-all approach in the fight against the
deadliest pandemic in living memory is bound to be
counter productive, especially for the recovery of low and
middle income countries. If governments cannot come
together to agree on a global strategy, then the global
south may need to pin its hopes on the manufacturing
might of India.
Harvard Business Review
Why Businesses Must Help Build
Trust in a Covid-19 Vaccine
20 August 2020
Vaccine experts around the world are justifiably concerned
by the lack of scientific data on the “Sputnik V” vaccine
for Covid-19 that Russia recently approved after less than
two months of human testing on a non-randomized group
of 39 patients. They are also worried about the potentially
chilling effect its possible failure could have on public
acceptance of whichever of the dozens of other covid-19
vaccines in the pipeline eventually proves safe and
effective.
Imperial College London
Podcast: COVID-19 vaccine trials
latest and privacy in contact tracing
19 August 2020
In this edition: Results of the COVID-19 vaccine animal
trials and the latest news from the human trials, plus
privacy in contact tracing apps.
Harvard Kennedy School - Shorenstein Center
Will Americans Vaccinate Themselves
and Their Children Against COVID-19?
16 August 2020
If a COVID-19 vaccine becomes available, what is the
likelihood Americans will vaccinate themselves? .
Latest knowledge
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Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

6. Economic and Business Implications of
Vaccination
Employers have a duty to encourage responsible behaviour during pandemics
Vaccination will play a key role in responding to the COVID-
19 crisis. It can ultimately reduce transmission of the
disease, prevent avoidable illness and death, and protect
high-risk individuals. In addition, vaccination will be critical
for businesses. Companies in the US have reported losing
more than $500 billion per year due to illness-related
productivity losses - and that was before the spread of
COVID-19. The direct personal benefits of immunization
include lowering healthcare costs and productivity loss, both
for the infected and for anyone tasked with caring for the
infected. Broader benefits that can positively affect the
global economy include preventing the spread of illness, and
immunization that improves children’s cognitive skills, and
fosters their physical strength and performance at school in
ways that, long term, lead to increased collective
productivity. By improving financial security and reducing
risk, vaccination may also help lead to increased investment
levels, and bolster political and economic stability. And, by
moving populations closer to something known as “herd
immunity,” it also helps protect unvaccinated individuals in
the community.
Ultimately, achieving herd immunity will be necessary to to
stop COVID-19, enable people to get back to work and
school, and help businesses to return to normal. Based on
early estimates of the infectiousness of the coronavirus, we
will likely need between 50% and 70% of the global
population to be vaccinated in order to achieve herd
protection. There is a critical need for business leadership to
help usher in a safer and healthier post-COVID-19
workplace; meeting COVID-19 vaccination needs cannot
happen if employers do not help ensure a responsible roll out
of the vaccine, and facilitate its acceptance in different
communities. Employers can also play a key role in providing
health information to employees, and encourage responsible
behaviour to advance public health. Studies have shown
that employees trust their employers more than government
agencies or the media to provide them with credible,
trustworthy information - including information specific to
COVID-19. Many companies have already heeded the World
Health Organization’s recommendation to advance health
promotion in the workplace.
Related insight areas: The Great Reset, Corporate
Governance, Values, Workforce and Employment, Education
and Skills, Future of Health and Healthcare, Pandemic
Preparedness and Response, COVID-19, Agile Governance,
Future of Economic Progress
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Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

7. Bocconi Knowledge
How Much Are Individual Choices
Worth
28 August 2020
Paolo Pin highlights social mechanisms that make
containment policies effective or ineffective.
The Diplomat
South Korea’s Search for a COVD-19
Vaccine
26 August 2020
Despite the successes of South Korea’s testing-led efforts
to contain the spread of COVID-19 to date, a recent spike
in new cases emphasizes this approach is still only a
short-term solution. The threat of a second wave seems
to have renewed the sense of urgency for producing a
vaccine.
Christian Science Monitor
Trump’s big RNC challenge: Reframing
pandemic politics
24 August 2020
There is an elephant in the room at this week’s
Republican National Convention, so to speak: the
coronavirus pandemic. President Donald Trump may
prefer to focus on law and order, standing up to China,
and the “socialist” Democrats. Covid-19 remains by far the
most important issue facing the nation in both impact and
voter interest. It has reshaped almost everything about
daily life in America – including the political conventions
themselves. Many of the speakers at last week’s almost
entirely virtual Democratic National Convention touched
on the pandemic in one way or another.
STAT
In the race for a Covid-19 vaccine,
Pfizer turns to a scientist with a history
of defying skeptics — and getting
results
24 August 2020
Pfizer and that upstart rival, Moderna, were the first
companies to launch large clinical trials to prove their
vaccines’ efficacy, and on the same day: July 27. They
have been in a neck-and-neck competition ever since.
Center for Global Development
Bringing a COVID-19 Vaccine to
Market: Where Do We Go from Here?
20 August 2020
In this blog, we review the good and the bad about where
the world now stands in efforts to bringing a vaccine to
market, from the perspective of payers, national
governments, and country coalitions, as well as
development partners.
Imperial College London
Effective test and trace could reduce R
by up to 26%
18 August 2020
Test and trace could reduce the effective reproduction
number, the R number, by up to 26% if carried out
quickly and effectively, new research finds.
Australian Strategic Policy Institute
Vaccine ‘probably a 90% chance’ but
huge challenges remain in tackling
Covid-19
14 August 2020
Two of Australia’s leading experts on the Covid-19
pandemic say there’s a very good chance a vaccine will
be developed for the disease but there will be huge
challenges to overcome until then, and in ...
Latest knowledge
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Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

8. Trust, Misinformation and Health
False rumours and conspiracy theories have undermined many public health efforts
Misinformation about health is a common phenomenon, and
vaccines were a target long before the COVID-19 pandemic
sparked a related “infodemic.” There have been numerous
documented instances of conspiracies undermining
vaccines, such as rumours that polio vaccinations caused
sterilization in Nigeria in 2003 and 2004, or claims that
children born with microcephaly in Brazil in 2015 were not
the result of Zika but instead were the result of bad
vaccines. Among the more routinely recommended
vaccines, the cervical-cancer-preventing HPV vaccine was
criticized by some people for allegedly promoting promiscuity
among teenage girls. Many people still believe that vaccines
can cause autism, despite the fact that scientific research
has disproven this supposed connection. New, as yet
mysterious phenomena can fuel a flurry of speculation and
rumours, as people try to make sense of complex
information - driving a psychological phenomenon known as
aversion to ambiguity. Strong believers in conspiracy
theories tend to emerge in these ambiguous settings and
cultivate audiences eager for some kind of explanation. This
can take advantage of the genuine concerns and questions
that people often have about vaccines, including parents
being newly exposed to reams of online misinformation.
In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health
Organization has publicly acknowledged the harm caused by
the spread of misinformation, rumours, and fake news about
the virus by referring to the phenomenon as an infodemic (a
term used by the World Economic Forum more than a
decade ago, and suddenly regaining relevance). WHO
officials have recognized that rumours ranging from the
purported laboratory origins of COVID-19, to the idea that it
can be cured by eating garlic, can be easily transmitted
from person to person, carried by both the unwitting and the
devious and spread almost invisibly through a vast virtual
world - much like a virus. This infodemic points to a larger
crisis rooted in the decline of public confidence in health
systems, scientific expertise, and government authority -
sometimes undermining the willingness to comply with
recommended or required public health measures meant to
keep infectious diseases such as COVID-19 in check. In
terms of vaccines in particular, the combination of distrust of
authorities and an abundance of alternative misinformation
can impact the ways in which people process information
and make decisions, sometimes risking unnecessary disease
outbreaks and fatalities.
Related insight areas: Digital Identity, Healthcare Delivery,
Agile Governance, Future of Media, Entertainment and
Culture, Behavioural Sciences, Civic Participation, Arts and
Culture, Cybersecurity, Digital Communications, Global
Governance, Systemic Racism
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Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

9. Kaiser Health News
COVID + Influenza: This Is a Good
Year to Get a Flu Shot, Experts Advise
28 August 2020
Flu season will look different this year, as the country
grapples with a coronavirus pandemic that has killed
more than 172,000 people. Many Americans are reluctant
to visit a doctor’s office and public health officials worry
people will shy away from being immunized.
Kaiser Health News
LA Hospital Seeks Vaccine Trial
Participants Among Its Own High-Risk
Patients
26 August 2020
The patients at Dr. Eric Daar’s hospital are at high risk for
serious illness from COVID-19, and he’s determined to
make sure they’re part of the effort to fight the disease.
He also hopes they can protect themselves in the
process.
Nature
The unequal scramble for coronavirus
vaccines — by the numbers
24 August 2020
Wealthy countries have already pre-ordered more than
two billion doses. Wealthy countries have already pre-
ordered more than two billion doses.
Australian Strategic Policy Institute
Covid-19 disinformation campaigns
shift focus to vaccines
23 August 2020
In ASPI’s latest report on Covid-19 disinformation , Albert
Zhang, Emilia Currey and I investigated how the narrative
of an American vaccine trial killing soldiers in Ukraine
(which did not actually happen) was laundered from the
propaganda site of a pro-Russian militia into the
international information ecosystem. What this case study
highlights is the way in which the battle for control of the
coronavirus narrative is shifting from the origins of the virus
to the hopes for a vaccine. .
World Health Organization
We need to prevent COVID-19 vaccine
nationalism.
19 August 2020
We need to prevent #COVID19 vaccine nationalism. For
this reason, the World Health Organization is working with
governments and the private sector through the ACT-
Accelerator to ensure that new innovations are available
to everyone, everywhere starting with those at highest
risk.
The Economist
Covid-19: When will a vaccine be
ready?
14 August 2020
Around $10bn is being spent on finding a vaccine for
coronavirus—it’s not nearly enough. And even when a
COVID-19 vaccine is found how should it be distributed
fairly? Our experts answer your questions. .
Kaiser Health News
What Seniors Can Expect as Their
New Normal in a Post-Vaccine World
03 August 2020
Imagine this scenario, perhaps a year or two in the future:
An effective COVID-19 vaccine is routinely available and
the world is moving forward. Life, however, will likely
never be the same — particularly for people over 60. That
is the conclusion of geriatric medical doctors, aging
experts, futurists and industry specialists.
Latest knowledge
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Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

10. Vaccinating for Security
Anti-vaccination campaigns can be stirred by genuine concern or a cynical desire to
manipulate
In 2019, the World Health Organization included “vaccine
hesitancy” among its top 10 threats to global health security.
This is particularly true in relation to COVID-19. A vaccine is
now required that protects public health and enables people
to comfortably go back to work and school. However, a
vaccine will only succeed at that if it is widely accepted.
Hesitancy and concerns about vaccines generally are
connected to political movements like the rise of populism
and nationalism, anti-abortion sentiment, and gun rights
advocacy - which sometimes share financial, political, and
social resources, and also have the potential to stir
disruption in a number of places. In this context, it can be
difficult to mobilize an entire population to accept health
interventions like vaccines or other COVID-19 control
measures, as the motives of the government are often not
trusted. Securing access to communities in order to offer
medical services is often a negotiation point amid broader
political struggles. In Latin America during the turbulent
1980s, and in the Democratic Republic of Congo in the
1990s, for example, representatives from the WHO, UNICEF,
and other organizations successfully negotiated cease-fires
to allow for polio vaccinations.
However, these types of negotiations have been breaking
down in recent years, as some groups refuse health officials
any kind of access to people living in areas they control -
whether it is the Taliban in Afghanistan, or Boko Haram in
Nigeria. Meanwhile security threats caused by “digital
wildfires,” as described by the World Economic Forum in its
Global Risks Report, can lead to sudden spikes in panic and
fear among populations that already lack confidence in the
public sector. In Pakistan, for example, rumours spread
online in 2019 that a polio vaccine contained poison and
children in Peshawar had negative reactions to it - bringing
vaccinations to a near standstill. Community mobilization
against immunization campaigns in Madagascar, Nigeria,
and the Philippines has been difficult to assess, particularly
when participants use the encrypted service WhatsApp.
Some digital wildfires may be sparked by genuine questions
about vaccine safety, though research suggests others are
initiated to exacerbate social divisions and spread mistrust.
While the impacts of vaccine hesitancy are felt primarily in
terms of public health, the solutions needed to address it
require expertise from fields including political science,
anthropology, psychology, artificial intelligence, cyber
security, and digital media analytics.
Related insight areas: Global Health, Digital
Communications, Digital Economy and New Value Creation,
Values, Civic Participation, Global Governance, Human
Rights, Agile Governance, COVID-19, International Security,
Role of Religion, The Great Reset, Future of Media,
Entertainment and Culture, Humanitarian Action
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Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

11. Big Think
Why flu vaccines only last a year
28 August 2020
Vaccine science is tricky. While hope grows for
a COVID-19 vaccine given the sheer number of
researchers working toward one, flu vaccines present
their own challenges, as a recent report from Emory
Vaccine Center details.
FiveThirtyEight
Even With A Vaccine, The Economy
Could Take Many Months To Return
To Normal
25 August 2020
Once we find a COVID-19 vaccine, our lives can return to
normal, right? Economists don’t think so.
United Nations
COVAX Global Vaccines Facility
24 August 2020
Director-General, Tedros Adhanom
Ghebreyesus announced that as of today, “172 countries
are now engaging with the COVAX Global Vaccines
Facility, which has both the largest and most diverse
COVID-19 vaccine portfolio in the world.” .
Chemistry World
Facing the challenge of vaccine trials
24 August 2020
This month has seen stark differences in the
ways different authorities are approaching the challenge of
developing vaccines to Covid-19. On one hand are those
piling resources and support behind companies recruiting
thousands of volunteers to large scale trials. On the other
is Russia’s extraordinary gamble, pressing ahead with
approval and mass vaccination without that clinical safety
net. Source: © Chandan Khanna/AFP/Getty Images Most
vaccine candidates are undergoing large scale trials to
determine their safety and whether they actually offer
protection.
Center for China and Globalization
Global Health Governance: Is Great
Powers' Cooperation Possible?
19 August 2020
The global public health system faces an unprecedented
challenge. How can different countries come together and
cooperate despite various forms of opposition and
stigmatization? How can we strengthen mechanisms and
coordinate responses to fight the pandemic now and build
up long-term public health capabilities for the future? How
can we encourage cooperation to develop and distribute
a coronavirus vaccine around the world?.
Science Daily
School flu vaccine program reduces
community-wide influenza
hospitalizations
18 August 2020
Seasonal influenza contributes substantially to
hospitalization and mortality, especially among infants and
the elderly. Because school-aged children are responsible
for the greatest proportion of community-wide influenza
transmission, efforts to increase vaccination among
children are thought to have the greatest potential to
prevent influenza epidemics.
UNICEF
Vaccines work
10 August 2020
COVID-19 is a global health crisis, and if we let
it prevent us from delivering life-saving immunization
services to children, another global health crisis won’t be
far behind. We have to make vaccinations a priority for
every child. .
Latest knowledge
11
Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

12. Vaccinating Against Pandemics
Building trust in a COVID-19 vaccine will be essential for the “great reset” to a new
normal
We will always have to live with disease outbreaks, of both
old and new varieties, ranging from local flare-ups to global
pandemics. COVID-19 has shaken the world not only with its
impacts on health and lives lost, but also by halting “normal”
social life and breaking economies. This tumult is all
because of a virus for which we had no vaccine or treatment
to stop its unchecked spread - facilitated by weak
leadership, unprepared systems, and strong anti-
globalization sentiment at a time when global cooperation
has never been more necessary. Pandemics are often
triggered by a new virus - or a new virus strain - against
which humans have no natural protection because they
have never been exposed to it before. And, because the
virus is new, at the beginning there are no available
vaccines. Not all pandemics lead to the development of a
vaccine. A vaccine was developed relatively quickly after the
2009 H1N1 outbreak, as it was adapted from an existing
influenza vaccine. However, the HIV/AIDS pandemic, first
identified in 1981, still has no approved vaccine despite
extensive investment and research. Nearly 33 million people
have died from AIDS-related illness, and every year more
people are infected.
One of the challenges for any vaccine that can effectively
stop the spread of COVID-19 is the question of whether
people will actually take it once it is developed. Surveys and
reports in multiple countries show many people are hesitant
to accept a new vaccine, and some are already determined
not to take it. The reasons for this include broad vaccine
scepticism, and the heightened uncertainty during COVID-19
(or any pandemic) as the media reports on the accelerated
pace of vaccine research and development in ways that are
not comforting for a public anxious about related risks.
Some people will be persuaded of the value of the vaccine
once they have clear evidence of its effectiveness and safety,
but others have lost too much trust in authorities amid a
generally inadequate COVID-19 response. Public trust and
cooperation are fundamental to any pandemic response -
and pandemics offer a global opportunity for new modes of
trust-building and cooperation. The promise of a COVID-19
vaccine, and the opportunity to improve public perception of
the value of vaccination for getting healthy people back to
work and school, is an essential part of the “great reset” to a
new normal.
Related insight areas: Agile Governance, Future of Health
and Healthcare, Pandemic Preparedness and Response,
Global Governance, COVID-19, Healthcare Delivery, Civic
Participation, Innovation, Future of Media, Entertainment
and Culture, The Great Reset, Values
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Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

13. Frontiers
Social Stigma: The Hidden Threat of
COVID-19
28 August 2020
COVID-19 infection has been recognized as a pandemic
by the World Health Organization. Efforts to prevent the
spread of the disease are threatened by the appearance
of disease-associated social stigma in society. In Egypt, a
small wave of stigma directed at different groups started
to appear. Here we report the features of COVID-19-
associated stigma in Egypt and suggest recommendations
to overcome this stigma before it grows and have physical
and psychological impacts on society.
Frontiers
What Would Jenner and Pasteur Have
Done About COVID-19 Coronavirus?
The Urges of a Vaccinologist
26 August 2020
Vaccines are the best cost-benefit tools to control and
eradicate infectious diseases. The live smallpox
vaccination, called variolation, was the injection of the
homologous virus and this promoted self-healing local
lesions that guaranteed strong and long-lasting protection.
However, since 3 % of these variolations caused cases of
smallpox in the vaccinated individuals, it was considered
unsafe and was discontinued.
MIT Technology Review
The US just approved the use of
plasma from covid-19 survivors as a
treatment
24 August 2020
The US has approved wide emergency use of blood
plasma from covid-19 survivors as a treatment for
coronavirus infection, despite limited evidence it helps.
The therapy, which the White House touted as a
“breakthrough,” involves giving plasma from survivors to
those battling the infection.
Harvard Kennedy School – Journalist’s
Resource
Coronavirus vaccines: We address 3
big questions about safety, distribution
and adoption
23 August 2020
As journalists work to keep communities informed about
COVID-19 vaccines, they need to consider questions
about safety, distribution and adoption. We address three
specific questions, focusing on policies and processes in
the U.S. The post Coronavirus vaccines: We address 3 big
questions about safety, distribution and adoption appeared
first on Journalist's Resource .
Center for Global Development
Modelling the Manufacturing Process
for COVID-19 Vaccines: Our Approach
19 August 2020
We are developing a system of interconnected models
which represent global manufacturing capability from the
start of clinical trials to secondary vaccine manufacture;
that is, time from first human trials to finished product
ready to be shipped.
Brookings
Want herd immunity? Pay people to
take the vaccine
18 August 2020
By Robert E. Litan When I was a child, doctors giving
vaccine shots used to hand out candy or a little toy to
take the sting and fear out of the shot. A similar idea
could rescue the U.S. economy when one or more COVID
vaccines are approved by the FDA and widely available for
mass uptake. .
Der Spiegel
The "'Sputnik Moment": Cutting
Corners in the Race for a Vaccine
07 August 2020
With more than 865,000 coronavirus infections, Russia is
currently the fourth-most affected country in this
pandemic and President Vladimir Putin is pushing for a
breakthrough in vaccine development. The government
says that more than 20 countries from Asia, Latin
America, Africa and the Middle East have expressed
interest in the vaccine. In Moscow, there is talk of a
"Sputnik Moment," a reference to the Soviet Union's
launch of the first ever satellite in 1957, ahead of the
Americans. .
Latest knowledge
13
Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

14. Vaccination and the Workplace
Workers subjected to extensive social contact and mobility should be first in line for
COVID-19 vaccinations
Workplace settings can determine the spread of infectious
disease. Some of the most affected workplaces during the
COVID-19 pandemic have been hospitals and nursing
homes, and meatpacking plants where employees are in
close quarters for long shifts. As of June 2020, according to
estimates, nearly 1,000 COVID-19 deaths had been reported
among healthcare workers in the US alone, and nursing and
long-term care facilities have registered COVID-19 fatalities
among residents and staff that account for a third of that
country’s total death toll. In July 2020, as Africa was
anticipating an uptick in reported cases, more than 11,000
healthcare workers had already been reported as infected
across multiple countries there. Protecting frontline workers
is essential, and when a COVID-19 vaccine becomes
available healthcare workers are likely to be the first in line.
Those working in the meatpacking industry and in similar
sectors should also be given priority. While the US has seen
thousands of confirmed cases of COVID-19 among workers
at meat and poultry processing facilities, the disease has
also had a heavy impact on plants in countries including
Spain, Brazil, and Australia.
Any workplace that involves large gatherings of people or
high levels of mobility, such as in the military or travel
industry, are at higher risk of disease spread. Bus drivers,
railway workers, airline staff, truck drivers and everyone they
come into contact with during work hours are key
populations for vaccinating against not just COVID-19 but
also influenza and measles. Vaccination in these settings is a
crucial and invaluable investment. Theme parks provide a
perfect opportunity for infectious disease outbreaks; a
measles outbreak at Disneyland in California in 2015, for
example, ultimately spread to three other US states,
Mexico, and Canada. Schools are also a workplace where
students and staff can be vulnerable. In Israel, after they
started to reopen schools following a long closure in July
2020 with social distancing and mask measures in place,
officials nonetheless reported that despite the protections
more than 150 students and dozens of staff members were
found to be infected. Teachers suffered the most, and some
were hospitalized, in an instance where COVID-19
vaccination in the workplace could not only have protected
people but also enabled education to continue.
Related insight areas: Human Rights, Inclusive Design, The
Great Reset, Public Finance and Social Protection, Aviation,
Travel and Tourism, Education and Skills, COVID-19,
Advanced Manufacturing and Production, Workforce and
Employment, Pandemic Preparedness and Response,
Healthcare Delivery
14
Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

15. The Conversation
Inside the Chinese companies vying to
produce the world's first coronavirus
vaccine
27 August 2020
For all its innovative prowess, China has generally lagged
other countries in developing vaccines. That appears to
be changing with the race for a coronavirus vaccine, with
chinese companies potentially even at the forefront. As
often with China, the question is: who are we dealing
with? Who are the main vaccine developers? How far are
they in developing a vaccine?.
In Depth News
In a Historic Move, Africa Eradicates
Devastating Polio
25 August 2020
While COVID-19 pandemic is playing havoc with the global
economy and a frantic search continues for a vaccine,
thanks to a concerted campaign of immunization, Africa
is free of a highly infectious disease which mainly affects
children under 5 years of age. It is a significant
development marking the eradication of the second virus
from the face of the continent since smallpox 40 years
ago.
Quanta Magazine
Can Vaccines for Wildlife Prevent
Human Pandemics?
24 August 2020
Studies suggest that self-disseminating vaccines could
prevent the 'spillover' of animal viruses into humans as
pandemic diseases.
Harvard Kennedy School – Journalist’s
Resource
Reporting on coronavirus vaccines: 5
tips to help journalists inject audiences
with the facts
23 August 2020
To help reporters make sense of what’s known and yet to
be learned about COVID-19 vaccines, we asked for
insights from the experts.
London School of Economics and Political
Science
COVID-19 in Latin America: were we
doomed from the start?
19 August 2020
Even though different countries responded very differently
to the emergence of coronavirus, its impact has been
devastating virtually everywhere in Latin America.
Underlying factors like labour informality, compounding
health issues, low healthcare spending, multi-generational
households, and economic openness have made the
region’s experience of the crisis especially grave, writes
Rodrigo Aguilera. Along with the US, … Continued.
Nature
What the immune response to the
coronavirus says about the prospects
for a vaccine
17 August 2020
Viral immunologists say that results so far have been
predictable — here’s why that’s good news. Viral
immunologists say that results so far have been
predictable — here’s why that’s good news.
Kaiser Health News
America’s Obesity Epidemic Threatens
Effectiveness of Any COVID Vaccine
06 August 2020
For a world crippled by the coronavirus, salvation hinges
on a vaccine. In the US, where at least 4.6 million people
have been infected and nearly 155,000 have died, the
promise of that vaccine is hampered by a vexing epidemic
that long preceded COVID-19: obesity. .
Latest knowledge
15
Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

16. 1. Vaccine Hesitancy
WHO's Science in 5 - Herd Immunity, World Health Organization,
www.youtube.com
Rebooting the economy: The global race to develop and deliver a COVID-
19 vaccine, Asian Development Bank, blogs.adb.org
Rather Than Give Away Its COVID Vaccine, Oxford Makes a Deal With
Drugmaker, Kaiser Health News, khn.org
India is key for global access to a COVID-19 vaccine – here's why, The
Conversation, theconversation.com
Why Businesses Must Help Build Trust in a Covid-19 Vaccine, Harvard
Business Review, hbr.org
Podcast: COVID-19 vaccine trials latest and privacy in contact tracing,
Imperial College London, www.imperial.ac.uk
Will Americans Vaccinate Themselves and Their Children Against COVID-
19?, Harvard Kennedy School - Shorenstein Center, shorensteincenter.org
2. Economic and Business Implications of Vaccination
How Much Are Individual Choices Worth, Bocconi Knowledge,
www.knowledge.unibocconi.eu
South Korea’s Search for a COVD-19 Vaccine, The Diplomat,
thediplomat.com
Trump’s big RNC challenge: Reframing pandemic politics, Christian
Science Monitor, www.csmonitor.com
In the race for a Covid-19 vaccine, Pfizer turns to a scientist with a history
of defying skeptics — and getting results, STAT, www.statnews.com
Bringing a COVID-19 Vaccine to Market: Where Do We Go from Here?,
Center for Global Development, www.cgdev.org
Effective test and trace could reduce R by up to 26%, Imperial College
London, www.imperial.ac.uk
Vaccine ‘probably a 90% chance’ but huge challenges remain in tackling
Covid-19, Australian Strategic Policy Institute, www.aspistrategist.org.au
3. Trust, Misinformation and Health
COVID + Influenza: This Is a Good Year to Get a Flu Shot, Experts Advise,
Kaiser Health News, khn.org
LA Hospital Seeks Vaccine Trial Participants Among Its Own High-Risk
Patients, Kaiser Health News, khn.org
The unequal scramble for coronavirus vaccines — by the numbers,
Nature, www.nature.com
Covid-19 disinformation campaigns shift focus to vaccines, Australian
Strategic Policy Institute, www.aspistrategist.org.au
We need to prevent COVID-19 vaccine nationalism., World Health
Organization, www.youtube.com
Covid-19: When will a vaccine be ready?, The Economist,
www.youtube.com
What Seniors Can Expect as Their New Normal in a Post-Vaccine World,
Kaiser Health News, khn.org
4. Vaccinating for Security
Why flu vaccines only last a year, Big Think, bigthink.com
Even With A Vaccine, The Economy Could Take Many Months To Return
To Normal, FiveThirtyEight, fivethirtyeight.com
COVAX Global Vaccines Facility, United Nations, www.youtube.com
Facing the challenge of vaccine trials, Chemistry World,
www.chemistryworld.com
Global Health Governance: Is Great Powers' Cooperation Possible?, Center
for China and Globalization, www.youtube.com
School flu vaccine program reduces community-wide influenza
hospitalizations, Science Daily, www.sciencedaily.com
Vaccines work , UNICEF, www.youtube.com
5. Vaccinating Against Pandemics
Social Stigma: The Hidden Threat of COVID-19, Frontiers,
www.frontiersin.org
What Would Jenner and Pasteur Have Done About COVID-19
Coronavirus? The Urges of a Vaccinologist, Frontiers, www.frontiersin.org
The US just approved the use of plasma from covid-19 survivors as a
treatment, MIT Technology Review, www.technologyreview.com
Coronavirus vaccines: We address 3 big questions about safety,
distribution and adoption, Harvard Kennedy School – Journalist’s
Resource, journalistsresource.org
Modelling the Manufacturing Process for COVID-19 Vaccines: Our
Approach, Center for Global Development, www.cgdev.org
Want herd immunity? Pay people to take the vaccine, Brookings,
www.brookings.edu
The "'Sputnik Moment": Cutting Corners in the Race for a Vaccine, Der
Spiegel, www.spiegel.de
6. Vaccination and the Workplace
Inside the Chinese companies vying to produce the world's first
coronavirus vaccine, The Conversation, theconversation.com
In a Historic Move, Africa Eradicates Devastating Polio, In Depth News,
www.indepthnews.net
Can Vaccines for Wildlife Prevent Human Pandemics?, Quanta Magazine,
www.quantamagazine.org
Reporting on coronavirus vaccines: 5 tips to help journalists inject
audiences with the facts, Harvard Kennedy School – Journalist’s
Resource, journalistsresource.org
COVID-19 in Latin America: were we doomed from the start?, London
School of Economics and Political Science, blogs.lse.ac.uk
What the immune response to the coronavirus says about the prospects
for a vaccine, Nature, www.nature.com
America’s Obesity Epidemic Threatens Effectiveness of Any COVID Vaccine,
Kaiser Health News, khn.org
Acknowledgements
Cover and selected images throughout supplied by Reuters.
Some URLs have been shortened for readability. Please follow the URL
given to visit the source of the article. A full URL can be provided on
request.
References
16
Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

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Vaccination Briefing, September 2020

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