Marc Sluiter - 15 Kubernetes Features in 15 Minutes
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Slides of my Kubernetes talk at Devoxx Belgium 2016. See also on Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o85VR90RGNQ
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Marc Sluiter - 15 Kubernetes Features in 15 Minutes
- 1. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes 15 Kubernetes Features in 15 Minutes Marc Sluiter Luminis Technologies
- 2. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes Who am I? • Software Engineer @ Luminis Technologies • Java, Go,Angular2 • Working on • Amdatu • INAETICS • CloudRTI
- 3. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes Kubernetes • Greek for "helmsman" or “pilot" • schedules, runs and manages containers in a cluster of virtual or physical machines • declarative approach: • try permanently to reach the declared cluster state
- 4. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes Kubernetes • started by Google in 2014 • based on over 10 years experience (“Borg”) • first release in Juli 2015 • donated to Cloud Native Computing Foundation • 100% Open Source • Go
- 5. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes #1 Pods • smallest deployable unit • small group of tightly coupled containers • shared network and data volumes • routable IP address • mortal!
- 6. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes #2 ReplicaSets • run x copies (replicas) of a pod • start or kill pods if necessary • handle pod failures • health checks
- 7. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes #3 Deployments • contains declaration of your application • which containers (image / tag) • environment variables • data volumes • defines number of replicas • creates ReplicaSets, which in turn create Pods
- 8. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes Deployments cont. • rolling updates:
- 9. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes #4 Services • pods are mortal! • services provide a permanent virtual IP and DNS name • proxy traffic to selected pods • simple load balancing including session affinity
- 10. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes #5 Ingress • expose services to the outside world • map URLs to services • SSL termination • needs ingress provider
- 11. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes #6 Namespaces • Namespaces group kubernetes resources (pods, replicasets, deployments, …) • by default everything is in the “default” namespace • create namespaces for your environments (e.g. test, staging, production) and / or tenants • restrict access to specific namespaces for k8s users • namespaces can have separated networks (depends on network provider)
- 12. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes #7 Clusters • a cluster is a set of virtual or physical machines (nodes), running a k8s master and one or more k8s worker nodes • cluster federation: • run a federation master, which knows all your clusters • run your apps distributed across clusters, e.g. across Amazon / Google / … regions
- 13. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes #8 Secrets and ConfigMaps • separate your application code (= images) and configuration • both Secrets and ConfigMaps are key-value-pairs • use Secrets for binary values (e.g. certificates, keys) • use ConfigMaps for string values • both can be read by the container via environment variables or mapped into a data volume e.g. like property files
- 14. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes #9 Data Volumes • map directories into containers • multiple containers in one pod share the same volumes • many volume types: • empty directory, host directory, Google Persistent Disk,Amazon Blob Store, NFS, glusterfs, rdb, cephs, git repository, … • can be preconfigured by cluster admins for easier usage by cluster users
- 15. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes #10 PetSets • a Pet is a stateful pod • a PetSet has a scalable number of Pets • a Pet is bound to a dynamically created data volume • that data volume will never be deleted automatically • the Pet is bound to the same volume on a restart
- 16. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes #11 Jobs • sometimes you need to run short living tasks • a Job ensures that a container which executes such a task runs successfully exactly once (ore more times) • retry on failure • ScheduledJobs can be started at specific times (like cron)
- 17. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes #12 DaemonSets • DaemonSets run pods on all (or a selected set of) nodes in the cluster • useful for running containers for logging and monitoring
- 18. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes #13 Autoscaling • Horizontal Pod Autoscaling • scales ReplicaSets based on pod’s CPU usage or app- provided metrics • Cluster Autoscaling • scale the number of nodes in your cluster based on CPU and memory usage • depends on cloud provider
- 19. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes #14 API • every functionality is provided via a REST API • easy integration in your existing workflows (continuous delivery) • command line tool “kubectl” (uses the REST API internally)
- 20. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes #15 Community! • constantly growing community • active on Stackoverflow, Google Groups and Slack • many contributors from many companies • KubeCon conference
- 24. @slintes#Devoxx #Kubernetes Kubernetes architecture • Master • API server • Controller • Scheduler • Workers • Kubelet • Proxy • State only in etcd!