Computer Architecture and Assembly language::::: Arithmetic and RISC pipeline

1. Course : BCA
Year: 2nd year
Session :2018-2019
Section : A
Presented By : Manvi Gautam
Presented To: Mr . Asheesh Pandey Sir

2. The term ”pipeline” means the flow of information.
Pipeline is a technique to divide a sequential process into
sub-process which are executed in a special dedicated
segments that operates concurrently with all other
segments .The next segment in pipeline then , uses the
result obtained from the computation in previous segments,
when data have passed through all segments , find result is
obtained.
Note : overlapping of computation is made possible by
associating a register with each segment in the pipeline.

3. Arithmetic pipelines are usually found in most of the computers. They are used for
floating point operations, multiplication of fixed point numbers etc. For example:
The input to the Floating Point Adder pipeline :
X = A*2^a
Y = B*2^b
Here A and B are mantissas , while a and b are exponents and 2 is radix.
The floating point addition and subtraction is done in 4 parts:
1. Compare the exponents.
2.Align the mantissas.
3.Add or subtract mantissas
4 .Produce the result.
Registers are used for storing the intermediate results between the above
operations.

4. Arithmetic pipeline for floating point add/subtract
operations

5. Reduced Instruction Set Computer(RISC) .
The main characteristics of RISC pipeline is to use an efficient
instruction pipeline . In case of RISC pipeline, the instruction
pipeline can be implemented with only two or three segments
where segments 1 fetches the instruction from the memory .
Segment 2 executes the instruction in the ALU. And segment
3 may be used to store the results of the ALU operation in a
particular register.