2. Communication (Hard Skills) Tenses 2018
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PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
It is also known as “Present Progressive Tense” because it refers to the action which is currently in
progress at the time of speaking.
It express an action that is going on at that moment.
Example:
1. You are using the internet.
2. You are studying English subject.
It also describes an action that is going on during this period of time or a trend.
Example:
1. Are you still working for the same company?
2. Now – a- days more people are becoming vegetarian.
It expresses an action or event in future which has already been planned or prepared.
Examples:
1. We are going on holiday tomorrow.
2. I am meeting with my friends tonight.
3. Are they visiting you next winter?
It describes a temporary event or situations.
Examples:
1. Rahul is in Delhi. He is studying MBA.
2. Priya is working in Noida for the next two weeks.
It expresses that something is changing, growing or developing.
Examples:
1. Your English is improving now-a-days.
2. The climate is changing rapidly.
It expresses to describe for something which happens again and again.
NOTE: We normally write ‘always’ with this use.
Examples:
1. It is always raining in Mumbai.
2. They are always arguing with elders.
RULES 1:
Affirmative Sentence Rule:
SUBJECT + HV(IS/AM/ARE) + VERB I FORM + ING + OBJECT + OTHER THING
Example: I am playing football.
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NOTE:
1. Uses ofIS/AM/ARE-
Use ofIS: When the ‘subject’ of sentence is “singular noun or third person singular (He /She/It)”
then we use ‘is’ as helping verb or auxiliary verb in this sentence.
Examples:
1. Ram is writing a letter.
2. He is writing correct English.
3. She is watching Television.
4. It is not working properly.
Use ofAM: When the subject of sentence is “First person singular ( I )” then we use ‘am’ as
helping verb in this sentence.
Example:
1. I am playing cricket.
Use ofARE: When the subject of sentence is “plural noun or first person plural (WE) or second
person (YOU) or third person plural (THEY)” then we use ‘are’ as a helping verb in this sentence.
Examples:
1. Students are writing their class work.
2. They are cooking food in group.
3. You are not doing work properly.
4. We are playing match for India.
2. Use ofING: When the verbs end with the letter “e” then we have to remove ‘e’ letter and add
‘ING’ in the verb. But when the verbs end with the letters “ie” then we have to replace ‘ie’ letters
with “Y” letter and add “ING” in the verb. If both condition is not occur then we simply add
“ING” in the verb of this sentences. For a verb whose last syllable is written with a 'consonant-
vowel-consonant and is stressed’ then we have to “double the last letter before adding ING”.
Examples ofdouble the last letter before adding ING:
beg + ing – begging
begin + ing - beginning.
NOTE: enter + ing - entering (last syllable is not stressed)
Examples ofuse ‘ING’ with most verb:
Play + ing – Playing
Read + ing – Reading
Examples ofuse ‘ING’ with ‘e’last letter ofverb:
Slide + ing – sliding
Ride + ing - Riding
Examples ofuse ‘ING’ with ‘ie’ last letters ofverb:
Die + ing – Dying
Tie +ing – Tying
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Negative Sentence Rule:
SUBJECT + Helping Verb (IS/AM/ARE) + NOT+ VERB 1 Form + OBJECT + OTHER THING
Example:
1. He is not sleeping.
2. They are not coming to office.
3. You are not writing story.
4. Radha is not doing her work.
5. I am not coming to school.
Interrogative Sentence Rules:
Rules 1:
Helping Verb (IS/AM/ARE) + SUBJECT + NOT(ifrequired) + Verbs I form + ING + OBJECT +
OTHER THING +?
Examples:
1. Are you not doing work?
2. Is she coming to college?
3. Am I making fun to you?
Rules 2:
Question Word (what, where, when, how, who, which, why etc.) + Helping Verb (IS/AM/ARE) +
SUBJECT + NOT (ifrequired) + Verbs I form + ING +OBJECT + OTHERTHING +?
Examples:
1. Where are you going?
2. Why is radha not dancing in party?
