The document discusses the classification and structures of plants. It describes the main types of plants as flowering plants, non-flowering plants, herbs, shrubs, trees, creepers and climbers. It then explains the root system and shoot system of plants, describing the main root, lateral roots, and parts of the shoot system including the stem, leaves, flowers and fruits. It provides examples and functions of different plant structures and how some structures are modified.
9. Classification of plants
Trees:
Mango Banyan
Size: Tall(generally more than 3 m high)
Nature of stem: Hard, brown, thick & branches on
the upper part
Peepal
10. Plants different from Herbs, Shrubs and Trees
Creepers Plants with weak stems that cannot stand
upright and spread out on the ground
Watermelon Strawberry
11. Plants different from Herbs, Shrubs and Trees
Climbers Plants with weak stems that cannot stand
and climb up with the help of support
Grapevine Bitter
gourd
12. PLANT SYSTEM
Root System
Underground part of the plant
which includes main root and
branched roots.
Shoot System
The part above the ground which
includes stem, leaves, buds,
flowers and fruits.
13. Root System
The underground part of the
plant.
Functions:
• It absorbs water and
minerals present in soil.
• It anchors the plant and
provides physical support.
• It binds the soil particles
together preventing soil
erosion.
16. Roots are modified to give extra support
Prop Roots of Banyan Tree Prop Roots of Maize plant
17. Shoot System
The part above the ground.
It includes:
• Stem
• Leaf
• Fruit
• Flower
• Bud
• Node
• Internode
18. The Stem
The main body or stalk of a plant
that supports other parts.
Functions:
• Keeps plant upright.
• Bears branches, leaves, flowers
and fruits.
• Transports water, minerals and
food to all other parts.
19. Types of leaf venation
Parallel Venation in plants with
fibrous root
Reticulate Venation in plants with tap
root