6. Computers then…
Specialized equipment, Voluminous, Very costly, Not user-friendly,
Required experts to operate, Forklift upgrades, Hardware-heavy
6 5/2/11
7. …and now!
Multi-device, Kids to Old users, Business to Entertainment to
Lifesaving, Portable, User-friendly, Affordable, Rapid upgrade cycles
7 5/2/11
16. Where are we headed with all this?
The world is your consumer –
› rare use-cases to be the norm
Innovate at light-speed or die –
› obsolescence at unprecedented rate
Faster, Better, Cheaper –
› this is serious this time!
16 5/2/11
17. Faster, Better, Cheaper (FBC) 1.0
The real Holy Grail
of Software
Development
Pick any two!
Pick any one!!
17 5/2/11
18. How do we deliver software Faster?
By cutting quality?
By cutting features?
By cutting process?
By latest technology and tools?
By shortchanging user
experience?
18 5/2/11
19. How do we deliver software Better?
Formal methods?
ISO / CMM / CMMi?
PMP / PRINCE2?
Open Source?
Agile / Scrum?
Hire smart engineers, build smart
teams?
19 5/2/11
20. How do we deliver software Cheaper?
Outsourcing?
Quick and dirty methods?
Reuse?
Cloud?
20 5/2/11
22. Schedule Overrun over the Years
How does a
project get
late by a
month ???
22 5/2/11
23. Chaos Report 2009
The most authoritative and comprehensive survey on IT project
performance since last 15+ years
"This year's results show a marked decrease in project success
rates, with 32% of all projects succeeding which are delivered on
time, on budget, with required features and functions" says Jim
Johnson, chairman of The Standish Group, "44% were challenged
which are late, over budget, and/or with less than the required
features and functions and 24% failed which are cancelled prior to
completion or delivered and never used."
"These numbers represent a downtick in the success rates from the
previous study, as well as a significant increase in the number of
failures", says Jim Crear, Standish Group CIO, "They are low point
in the last five study periods. This year's results represent the
highest failure rate in over a decade"
23 5/2/11
24. Chaos Report over the years
Successful: deliver on-time, on-budget, with required
features and functions
Challenged: late, overbudget, and/or with less then the
required features and functions
Failed: cancelled prior to completion or delivered and
never used
2009 2006 2004 2002 2000 1998 1996 1994
Successful 32% 35% 29% 34% 28% 26% 27% 16%
Challenged 44% 19% 53% 15% 23% 28% 40% 31%
Failed 24% 46% 18% 51% 49% 46% 33% 53%
24 5/2/11
25. Is there a ‘Silver Bullet’?
No Silver Bullet (NSB): there is no single development,
in either technology or management technique, which by
itself promises even one order-of-magnitude
improvement within a decade in productivity, in reliability,
in simplicity – Fred Brookes, 1986
High-level languages ?
4GL?
OOP?
Reuse?
Offshoring?
Rapid Prototyping?
What next ?
25 5/2/11
26. Why is it, considering that…
We improved the process from waterfall days
Individuals are smarter than ever before
Teams are highly empowered
Tools have never been better
Languages support faster development
QA automation levels are all-time high
Customers are highly ‘educated’
Why…why…why…???
26 5/2/11
27. Where is the missing piece?
People Process Tech ???
27 5/2/11
28. The missing piece is...the Interlock
SUCCESS
People Process Tech ???
!!!
28 5/2/11
29. Faster, Better, Cheaper 2.0
Tighter alignment of People, Process
and Technology
› Program management vs. Delivery Management
› Empowered teams vs. guided teams
› Situational Leadership vs. Command and Control
Optimize Whole, not just the Parts alone
› Lean vs. Agile
Fail fast to succeed faster
› Innovate, Iterate, Improve
29 5/2/11
30. Process Ideas to achieve BFC 2.0
Agile
Scrum
Lean
TOC
Kanban
Scrum-ban
Program Management
…let’s discuss them…
30 5/2/11
33. Lean Principles
Identify customers and specify value
Identify and map the value stream
Create flow by eliminating waste
Respond to customer pull
Pursue perfection
33 5/2/11
34. Wastes (“muda”) in Lean
Identified by Taiichi Ohno, these are:
› Overproduction
› Delay
› Transporting
› Over-processing
› Inventory
› Motion
› Making Defective Parts
34 5/2/11
35. Kanban-based production
Limit WIP (Work in Progress, aka “Inventory”)
Move from ‘monolithic releases’ to ‘phased releases’
35 5/2/11
36. Kanban-based software engineering
Identify product’s MMF (Minimum Marketable
Features)
Prioritize their value
Plan your releases around them
Release highest-value features first to maximize
ROI
To accelerate delivery, have the entire team
collaborate on one feature at a time and perform
releases as often as possible
36 5/2/11
38. Scrum-ban
Software production model based on
Scrum and Kanban
› Scrum practices + Kanban workflow
Especially suited for maintenance
projects with frequent and
unexpected user stories or
programming errors
Major difference between Scrum
and Kanban are derived from the
fact that in Scrum work is divided
into timeboxed sprints whereas in
Kanban, the workflow is continuous
38 5/2/11
40. Program Management
Centralized coordinated management of a program to
achieve program’s strategic objectives and benefits that
are not available from managing the sub-projects
individually
Focuses on the project interdependencies and helps to
determine the optimal approach for managing them.
Action related to these interdependencies may include:
› Resolve resource constraints and/or conflicts that affect multiple
projects within the system
› Align organizational/strategic direction that affects project and
program goals and objectives
› Resolve issues and change management within a shared
governance structure
41. Project Management Office (PMO)
A PMO is an organizational body assigned various
responsibilities related to the centralized and
coordinated management of those projects under its
domain
Responsibilities can range from providing project
management support to actually being responsible for
the direct management of project
Project supported or administered by PMO may not be
related, other than being managed together
41 5/2/11
42. Primary Functions of PMO
Managing shared resources across all projects
administered by PMO
Identify and develop PM methodology, best
practices and standards
Coaching, mentoring, training and oversight
Monitor compliance with PM standard policies,
etc.
Develop and manage project policies, etc.
Coordinate communication across projects
43. Project Manager vs. PMO
PMs and PMOs pursue different objectives and, as such,
are driven by different requirements. All of these efforts,
however, are aligned with the strategic needs of the
organization. Differences:
› PM focuses on the specified project objectives, while the PMO
manages major program scope changes which may be seen as
potential opportunities to better achieve business objectives
› PM controls the assigned project resources to best meet project
objectives while the PMO optimizes the use of shared
organizational resources across all projects
› PM manages the constraints (scope, schedule, cost, and quality,
etc.) of the individual projects while the PMO manages the
methodologies, standards, overall risk/productivity, and
independencies among projects at the enterprise level
43 5/2/11
45. Conclusions
Your Customers expect top-quality
innovative solutions in less time and
lesser dollars than ever before!
Competing on ‘cost arbitrage’ or ‘part
quality’ is necessary but not enough!
Your project management processes must
mirror the real world
Process improvement is a journey, not a
destination
45 5/2/11