2. Introduction
Derivational morphology is a branch of
morphology dealing with word-formation.
(Trask.1993)
The process of obtaining new words by
adding affixes to existing words or stem
occurs.
Affixes are bound morphemes which can
only attach to word or stem. The process
changes the new semantically and
grammatically.
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3. 1. Noun Markers
Noun is a word that names a person,
place, thing or idea (Spears:1991).
Exp:
1. Bobby;
2. London;
3. Board;
4. Freedom.
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4. Noun Marker Suffixes (cont....)
1. cy = democracy
2. tion = proclamation
3. ty = celebrity
4. ship = citizenship
5. al = proposal
6. er = teacher
7. or = actor
8. ce = confidence
9. ing = smiling
10. ate = directorate
11. logy = ideology
12. -0 = wish
13. ist = dentist
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5. In English word-formation, a noun derives
from a noun, a verb and an adjective but
not an adverb.
If a noun form is from an identical word
class, the meaning may change but its
grammatical category remains the same.
(Noun is derived from Noun)
Company = companion;
Independence = independency;
Philosophy = philosopher;
Friend = friendship.
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7. 2. Verb Markers
A verb is a word conveying action or a state
of being; the core of the predicate and in
modern linguistics, the core of the sentence
(Spears: 1991).
-en = widen, blacken; (adj/suffix)
-ize = harmonize, modernize; (adj/suffix)
-en- = endanger, enjoy; (prefix/N)
-0 = glue, tie.(zero marking)
-en = fasten (adv/suffix)
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8. 3. Adjective Marker
Adjective is a member of a group of words that
are used to modify, supplement, add to, or restrict
the meaning of nouns or nominal (Spears: 1991).
-ic = alcoholic, organic; (N/suffix)
-ous = dangerous; (N/suffix)
-ing = boring; (N/suffix)
-ed = educated; (V/suffix)
-ive = protective; (V/suffix)
-al = instrumental; (N/suffix)
-ial = influential; (adj/suffix)
-0 = black, sad.( adj/-)
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9. 4. Adverb Marker
Spears (1991) argues that an adverb is a
word or phrase that modifies a verb,
adjective, another adverb and sentence.
-ly = smoothly;
Very = very rarely;
-0 = fast, late.
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