2. WHAT IS VIRTUAL
• Dictionary Definition:
Very close to being something without actually being it.
Being such in power or effect, though not actually such.
• ComputerTerms:
Opposite of physical.
Exist only in the memory of a computer.
3. METAPHOR
• Car-racingVideo Game:
No physical car.
Computer simulation of an engine, a transmission, brakes, tires and other parts.
• Virtual Server:
No physical computer parts.
Computer simulation of a processor, memory, disk, and network.
Accomplishes the same goals as a physical server.
4. HYPERVISOR
• A piece of computer software, firmware, or hardware that creates and runs
virtual machines.
• Generic term that doesn't apply to any particular vendor.
• Host Actual physical server, that runs the Hypervisor software.
• Guest Not exist physically, virtual machine hosted by hypervisor.
5. TYPES OF HYPERVISOR
• Type 1 Hypervisor (Native, or a Bare Metal):
• Runs directly on the physical hardware.There is no operating system separate from the
hypervisor, mean act as OS.
• Type 2 Hypervisor (Hosted):
• Runs as an application or service on separate OS.
6. THE CLOUD
• Different vendors define it differently.
• Some vendors running hypervisor software on their hardware.
• Some venders rent access to hypervisor.
• Not be exactly sure where your virtual server is running. It could be in one data center or
multiple data centers.
• Even if you knew what data center it was in, you wouldn't know what machine in that data
center it's running on.
• Typically draw a cloud on the network diagram to represent all of these things that we don't
know exactly where they're running.
7. PUBLIC, PRIVATE AND HYBRID CLOUD
• Public Cloud is owned by someone else and they rent access to it.
• Lots of different customers running on one set of physical hardware.
• Private Cloud is owned by the people that use it.
• Only one customer running on a private Cloud.
• Hybrid Cloud is a combination of public and private cloud.
• Option to move virtual machines to a public cloud in case their private cloud couldn’t
handle workload.
• E-Commerce retailer use this option during a busy time such as Christmas / Eids season.
8. TYPE OF SERVICE OFFERED BY VENDERS
• Infrastructure as a service(IaaS):
• Virtual processor, memory and disk and install virtual machines run almost any operating
system or any piece of software.
• Platform as a service (PaaS):
• Having an operating system, and possibly having some software on there, like a relational
database server, and a web server.
• Not have to worry about installing an operating system or maintaining that.
• Software as a service (SaaS):
• Get a predefined, fully functional piece of software.
• Little or no maintenance or administration that has to be done by the end user.
• For example: email provider that runs in the Google Cloud.
9. COMMON USES OF VIRTUALIZATION
• Virtualizing Desktop Computers.
• Running a Specific Program.
• Setting UpTest and Development Environments.
• Designing a Private Cloud.
• Utilizing a Public Cloud.
10. VIRTUALIZING DESKTOP COMPUTERS
• Challenges:
• Troubleshoot unique setups
• Upgrade applications
• Hardware refreshed
• Virtualization:
• Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)
• A central server pushes a copy ofVM to each user.
• Processing on thatVM will typically occur remotely.
• Desktop is a dumb terminal.
• User must save documents to network server
• Reducing Troubleshooting and Administration
• Help desk only ever has to troubleshoot one situation.
• Reduced hardware costs
• Expand quickly
• Top vendors forVDI solutions: 1) Citrix XenServer. 2)VMware Horizon 3) Microsoft MSVDI
11. RUNNING A SPECIFIC PROGRAM
• Legacy applications
• 32bitVs. 64bit
• Different operating systems.
• Windows XP Vs.Windows 7
• MacVs. Windows
• WindowsVs. Linux
12. VIRTUALIZING TEST ENVIRONMENTS
• PermanentTest Environment:
• Example Ecommerce website have a test infrastructure before they roll changes to the production
website.
• Use to undo whatever something happens that doesn't go quite right.
• Use of snapshots and checkpoints to easy to roll back to where you were before.
• Scale hardware:
• how much hardware would we have to handle a certain load?
• Create test servers by cloning production server.
• TemporaryTesting:
• Example evaluating a new accounting system.
• No Need to buy new hardware.
• Use current virtualize environment.
• Use public cloud.
• The Cloud Provides:
• AmazonAWS – monthly
• Microsoft Azure – monthly
• Amazon Spot Instances – hourly
13. DESIGNING A PRIVATE CLOUD
• Large number of hosts and guests.
• Large percentage of the infrastructure.
• Run the main line of business applications.
• Private Cloud Considerations:
• Storage: Bottleneck in a private cloud consists of File SystemTypes (Read), Quantity (Space) and
Quality (Speed)
• Bandwidth: Local or Remote
• Uptime: Affect a lot of other decisions.
• Monitoring: the event of a disaster live migration
• Scalability: estimation for future
• Private CloudTools:
• Microsoft Hyper-V and System CenterVirtual Machine Manager (SCVMM) (administration of a
large number ofVMs, live migration etc.)
• VMware vCloud Suite consists of 1) vSphere ESXi (Type 1), 2) vMotion (live migration), 3) DRS
(Load balancing), 4) vCloud Director (Managing a private cloud)
14. UTILIZING A PUBLIC CLOUD
• Inexpensive to start
• Could be expensive to maintain.
• Not cheaper in the long run.
• Practically infinite scalability
• High availability
• More than small business can achieve on their own
• Significantly more secure than a server in a closet.
• May not secure blindly but need good Service Level Agreement (SLA):
• Read the SLA.
• Understand the SLA
• Negotiate the SLA
• Public Cloud Providers:
• Amazon Amazon Web Services (AWS)
• Microsoft Azure
• Rackspace OpenCloud.
• Salesforce.com CRM solutions
15. VIRTUALIZATION ADVANTAGES
• More efficient utilization of hardware
• Use what you need when you need it.
• Manually or Automatically adjust/resize resources
• Increase availability
• Manually or Automatically Live migration ofVMs
• Disaster recovery
• Snapshot or Checkpoint (Save the state of a virtual machine at a point in time)
• Just-in-time delivery of resources
• Processor (Fixed and speed can be Dynamic) and Memory (Dynamic and reclaim memory
by guest called ballooning)
• Saving energy
• Saving money
• Help scale data centers
16. VIRTUALIZATION DISADVANTAGES
• Increased complexity
• Network Increased Load , Duplicate IP and MAC address
• Storage Performance, Quality and Quantity problem with local storage
• Troubleshooting Problem conflicting with Hypervisor/OS/ Hardware
• Expense
• Hypervisor best features is not free.
• Software load inVMs not free
• Special licensing forVMs environment
• Sprawl
• To manyVMs
• MoreVMs required more storage, bandwidth, administration, licenses and power
• Stopping Sprawl Decommissioning unusedVMs, Identify temporaryVMs when created
and Audit productionVMs
