The document discusses Project Tiger, which was launched in India in 1972 to conserve the declining tiger population. It provides background on the objectives of Project Tiger, which are to ensure a viable wild tiger population and preserve biologically important habitats. It describes the habitats and diets of tigers, and notes the various tiger reserves established in India. It also summarizes the status of different tiger subspecies worldwide and threats they face from poaching and habitat loss, but expresses hope they can be saved through strong anti-poaching efforts and habitat protection.

3. INTRODUCTION
• The Project tiger was launched in India in 1972 as
conservation programmed for saving the Indian Tiger
Population.
• Some of the best examples of this programmed success
can be seen in the national parks situated in the high
Himalayan region, to the mangrove swamps of the
Sundarbans and the thorny scrubs of Rajasthan.
• But more wildlife conservation laws and awareness
among people is still required to make Indian
sanctuaries a safe haven for tigers.
Project Tiger Scheme

4. OBJECTIVES
• The main objective of Project Tiger is to ensure a viable
population of tiger in India for scientific , economic ,
aesthetic , cultural and ecological values and to
preserve for all time, areas of biological importance as
a natural heritage for the benefit, education and
enjoyment of the people.
• Main objectives under the scheme include wildlife
management, protection measures and site specific
eco development to reduce the dependency of local
communities on tiger reserve resources.

5. HABITAT OF THE TIGERS
• Tigers are wild animals and they have to stay in their
original habitat that are jungles, hills and many more
natural and purely green places in open jungles,
evergreen forests and mango grove swamps.
• The Indian tiger lives in open jungles, evergreen forests
and mango grove swamps here they can have their
own privacy.
• Many tigers are dead because of deforestation.
Deforestation leads to make tigers homeless.
• Many tigers also enter villages and become man-
eaters.

6. EVERYONE HAS A RIGHT TO
LIVE
• Everyone has a right to live, now suppose any
human is dead or murdered we do so many
prayers and we have so many emotional feelings
in our heart for that human.
• Like, the feelings which we have for the human
why don’t we have the feelings for the tigers and
other animals.
• If humans have some sympathy and respect for
every being in this world we can make this world
a better place to live.

7. SIZE, FEATURES AND EATING
HABITS
• The females work hard to search for the prey the
tiger family eats. The tigress searches for the prey
and bring it home. The first bite is for the tiger.
• The regular diet of Indian/Bengal tiger consists
mainly of deer, gaurs, antelopes and wild pigs.
Sometimes it feeds itself on birds, lizards, turtles,
fishes, crabs and frogs.
• 3 feet tall to the top of the shoulder, 7-10 feet
long from the head to the rear end, with an
additional 3 foot long tail.
• weight ranges from 175-650 pounds.

8. How Many Tigers Are Left In The
World?
• There is about 3200; around 1411 Bengal
tigers, about 450 Siberian and the same with
Sumatran, Indo-Chinese is anywhere between
1100 and 1800, and the South China tiger is
close to none, to be precise, less than 20.

9. How Many Tigers Left In
India?
• Just 1411, according to the latest
survey/census by the National Tiger
Conservation Authority formed to implement
the 'Project Tiger'.

10. Life Expectancy, Birth, Mating
• A typical tiger's life expectancy in the wild is 15-20
years; somewhat longer in captivity. The oldest tiger on
record was 26 years.
• Although there is no set mating season for tigers,
breeding often occurs in the spring. The male may stay
with the female for 20-80 days during this period.
• Gestation period is typically about 15. The cubs nurse
for about 2 months, learn to hunt after about 11
months, and spend the first two years of their lives
with their mother, before going out on their own.

12. BENGAL (SUBSPECIES TIGRIS)
• The Bengal tiger is the most populous type, with
between 2500 and 4700 remaining in the wild.
• Most live in the mangrove forests of the Sundarbans in
eastern India and Bangladesh . Some also live in the
neighboring countries Bhutan, Myanmar, and Nepal .
• There are about 333 Bengal tigers in captivity. Males
typically weigh around 500 pounds; the females about
300.
• All white tigers are male Bengals and have a double
recessive gene that causes the coloration.
• Official status: ENDANGERED .

13. INDOCHINESE (SUBSPECIES
CORBETT)
• Indochinese tigers are centered in Thailand, but also in
surrounding countries - Myanmar, southern China,
Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, and peninsular Malaysia.
• They are smaller and darker than Bengal tigers,
averaging around 400 pounds for males and 300 for
females.
• Males average about 9 feet long and females about 8
feet in length (not counting the tail).
• Numbers in the wild are estimated to be in the range
1227-1785. There are about 60 in zoos.
• Official status: ENDANGERED.

14. SUMATRAN (SUBSPECIES CORBETT)
• The smallest and darkest subspecies,
Sumatran tigers are reddish and have closely
spaced stripes.
• The males average 250 lbs.
• About 400-500 remain in the wild, exclusively
on the Indonesian island of Sumatra.
• About 210 of this subspecies are captive
around the world.
• Official status: ENDANGERED

15. AMUR/SIBERIAN (SUBSPECIES
ALTAICA)
• These guys are the largest of the big cats.
• weighing in at 675 pounds and stretching a full 11 feet.
• The heaviest Siberian Tiger on record was 1025 pounds
(Guiness Book of World Records).
• Only about 360-470 exist in the wild and there are
roughly 490 captive.
• Their habitat is mostly Northeastern Russian. Despite
their size, they have been known to jump as far as 33
feet.
• Official status: ENDANGERED

16. SOUTH CHINESE (SUBSPECIES
AMOYENSIS)
• Unfortunately, there are perhaps only 20-30
South Chinese tigers left in the wild and 47 in
Chinese zoos.
• They are found in central and eastern China.
China joined CITES in 1981 and passed the
Wild Animal Protection Law of the People's
Republic of China in 1988.
• Official status: ENDANGERED .

17. ALREADY EXTINCT!
• The Javan tiger once roamed the Indonesian
island of Java. The last one was seen in 1972 and
is now believed to be extinct.
• The Caspian tiger once ranged from Turkey to
Central Asia, including Iran, Mongolia, and
Central Russia. They went extinct in the 1950's .
• The Bali tiger existed on the island of Bali. The
last one was killed in 1937 . There are no existing
photos of a live Bali tiger .

18. List of Tiger Reserves in India
Bandhavgarh
Bandipur
Bhadra
Bori-Satpura
Buxa
Corbett
Dampa
Dudhwa
Indravati
Kalakad-Mundanthurai
Kanha
Manas
Melghat
Nagarjunasagar

19. List of Tiger Reserves in India
•
Namdapha
Pakhui-Nameri
Palamau
Panna
Pench (Madhya Pradesh)
Pench (Maharashtra)
Periyar
Ranthambore
Sariska
Similipal
Sundarbans
Tadoba-Andhari
Valmiki

20. CAUSES FOR TIGER DEMISE
• UNLIMITED POACHING
• a) supplying underground black markets with its organs , pelts
and bones , which are used for fur , Chinese medicine . Dead
tiger's parts are worth as much as $200,000 on the black
market. The trade continues today in China, Taiwan, Korea,
and Singapore, although tiger medicine is a hoax and has
been shown to have no curative powers.
• b) hunted for recreation.

21. CAUSES FOR TIGER DEMISE
• HUMAN EXPANSION
• a) deforestation (insecticides have reduced
the danger of malarial mosquitoes in India,
making land habitable that was previously
home to tigers)

22. CAN THEY BE SAVED? YES!
• 1) Saving the forest patches.
• 2) Waging a war against poaching in tiger-breeding
zones. The strictest enforcement of anti-poaching laws
is a must-especially in the “hot spots”.
• 3) We need to make a national pledge-there will be no
further shrinkage. Instead of spending a few crores
thinly across the entire country, more can be achieved
by focusing money and effort on identified “ hot spots
” like Corbett , Bandhavgarh , Kanha and some parts of
the northeast where tigers truly have a chance to
breed and grow.

23. WHY WE MUST SAVE TIGERS?
• There are only 3,200 tigers left in the wild, we have to act now
or this iconic animal could be extinct in less than 20 years.
• As apex predators, tigers shape the ecosystems in which they
live.
• They prevent over-grazing by limiting herbivore numbers and
maintain ecological integrity.
• Tigers are solitary and have large home ranges making them
excellent ‘umbrella’ species providing space for a variety of
other species to flourish.
• In India, more than 350 rivers originate from tiger reserves.
These reserves also sequester carbon, provide oxygen and
slowly release ground water to regulate floods. Protecting the
tiger will in turn protect these vital habitats.

24. WHY WE MUST SAVE TIGERS?
• Protecting existing tiger habitats and the reforestation
of degraded habitat may help buffer the poorest
communities in Asia against the impacts of river
siltation and flooding, while providing global benefits.
• Saving the tiger will help communities and local
populations benefit from habitat resources and
tourism.
• Man is solely responsible for the slaughter of the tiger.
In the natural world the tiger's only predator is man.
• We therefore must act to stop the killing and save the
tiger in the wild.