MSSRF 30 Years Technical section. Presented by Kenichi Yokohama

1. Climate Change
Adaptation for Coastal
Protection and
Management in India
Kenichi Yokoyama
Asian Development Bank
7 August 2019

2. 2
ADB support for Sustainable Coastal Protection
and Management Investment Program (SCPMIP)
in India
Coastline of 7,525
kilometers (km)—5,425 km
along the 9 coastal states
of the mainland and 2,100
km in the union territories.
About 20% to 25% of its
population lives within 50
km of the coast, with 70%
of them residing in rural
areas.
All the coastal states and
territories are affected by
coastal erosion and about
33% of coast is eroding
which is alarming.

3. 3
ADB support for Sustainable Coastal Protection
and Management Investment Program (SCPMIP)
in India
Development of Scientific
and systematic approach
towards coastal
management
ADB-GEF technical
assistance for Preparation
of Climate Change
adaptation guidelines; and
ADB’s Strategy 2030
Operational Priorities for
promoting sustainable
development of marine
economies, and ocean
health
ADB’s Investment Program

4. 4
Karnataka SCPMIP Tranche 1 Ullal Project
Hybrid coastal protection
solution implemented for
Stabilizing Ullal:
• Two large offshore
artificial reefs
• Eight nearshore berms
• Changes to the river
entrance (North and
South breakwater) for
natural sand by-passing
Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management
Investment Program in India

5. 5
5
December 1993
Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management
Investment Program in India
December 2006
January 2012
Karnataka SCPMIP Tranche 1 Ullal Project

6. 6
6
Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management
Investment Program in India
Karnataka SCPMIP Tranche 1 Ullal Project

7. South Reef : 325 m long in 7 m
depth at 780 m offshore, with
crest height around Mean Sea
Level.
Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management
Investment Program in India
North Reef : 275 m long in 6 m depth at
600 m offshore, with crest height near
high tide.
Karnataka SCPMIP Tranche 1 completed Project

8. Status after completion of Ullal investment Program
“Beach is the best beach protection”
“If sand is the
problem, then sand
is the solution” –
Prof. Dean
Karnataka SCPMIP Tranche 1 Ullal Project

9. Geotextile Reef at Mirya Bay, Ratnagiri- Maharashtra
9
Geotextile Reef
Sand-filled geotubes
Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management
Investment Program in India

10. Mirya Bay Before and After
After (Dec
2017)
Before (2015)
After (March 2018)
REEF
REEF
Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management
Investment Program in India

11. Participatory Shoreline Management Plans
• Shoreline Management
Plans were prepared for
the entire coastline of
Maharashtra State and
Karnataka State under the
ADB investment program.
• Define the nature and
magnitude of risks from
coastal hazards, both
present day and the likely
risks associated with
Climate Change sea level
rise.
• Provides State level,
district level and beach
level assessments
• Dynamic documents and
being updated every 5
years.
Community
Consultations
Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management
Investment Program in India

12. Sustainable Coastal Protection and
Management Investment Program-T 2
Coastal Protection Projects at:
1. Someshwara
2. Yermal Thenka
3. Udyavara
4. Kodi Bengre
5. Kodi Kanyana
6. Maravanthe
7. Mukkachery
8. Community sub projects
USD Million INR Cr Share
Tranche 2 (November 2016 - September 2020)
Project amount 93.54 640.75
ADB 65.50 448.68 70%
GOK 28.04 192.07 30 %

13. Sustainable Coastal Protection and
Management Investment Program-T 2
Maravanthe sub-project, Udupi Groynes and sand
re-distribution

14. Udyavara sub-project,
Udupi
Groynes and Beach
Nourishment
Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management
Investment Program-T 2

15. Kodi Bengre, Udupi
Seawall Rehabilitation
Sustainable Coastal Protection and
Management Investment Program-T 2

16. Kodi Kanyana, Udupi - Dune Vegetation
Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management
Investment Program-T 2

17. Threats of climate change on the coast
Rise in sea levels
caused by thermal
expansion of sea
water, melting
glaciers and ice
caps, and over-
exploitation of
groundwater
Changes in wave
characteristics due
to changes in wind
patterns and
increases in depth,
changing the
impact of wave on
the coast;
Changes in
frequency and
intensities of
storms and storm
surges
Vertical land
movements from
isostatic
adjustments and
localized land
settlement
affecting the net
changes in sea
level
Changes in
freshwater flow
regimes, flood
flows, and salinity,
which have effects
on the estuaries
and coastal rivers.
TA 8652 : Climate Resilient Coastal Management
Program

18. TA 8652 : Climate Resilient Coastal Management
Program
The primary impacts in coastal areas are likely to result from
sea level rise which, coupled with waves during storms and
storm surges may lead to increased coastal erosion, tidal
inundation and coastal flooding.

19. TA 8652 : Climate Resilient Coastal Management
Program
Executing
Agency of TA:
MOWR,RD&GR
CWC
Implementing
Agencies:
Karnataka
Maharashtra
CWPRS
Data
generated by:
IITD
IITB/IITM
NIO
CLIM Systems
Coastal Climate Information System in India-WRIS

20. TA 8652 : Climate Resilient Coastal Management
Program
The primary goal of the Guidelines
is the development and fostering of
sustainable methods to protect
coasts in India, which can be
adapted to climate change impacts.
Climate Change Adaptation GUIDELINES for Coastal
Protection and Management

21. TA 8652 : Climate Resilient Coastal Management
Program
Salient Features Climate Change Adaptation GUIDELINES for Coastal
Protection and Management

22. Action Plan for Healthy Oceans

23. Way Forward
23
Identify processes, methods and tools for a
national coordinated approach for reducing
climate risk in the coastal zone adaptation
and management.
Cooperation amongst maritime states can be
beneficial for an integrated approach as the
climate change threats to neighboring areas
are often similar and may be addressed
effectively through a collaborative approach.
The reference manual on climate change
adaptation guidelines for coastal protection
and management in India is one step in this
direction and should be utilized by the
coastal planners, academicians, designers,
and decision makers.

24. Thank you