4. ln ln + ln
r m r m p p p
G G RT Q RT K RT Q
= + = −
( )
2
2 4
2
/
/
NO
p
N O
p p
Q
p p
=
当两者的压力都等于1kPa时, , ,反应向右进行。
2
(1/100)
0.01
1/100
p p
Q K
= = 0
r m
G
当 , 时, , ,
反应向左进行。
2 4
( ) 1
p N O kPa
= 2
( ) 10
p NO kPa
=
2
(10 /100)
1
1/100
p p
Q K
= = 0
r m
G
第4题
6. 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2
2 2 2
2
2
2 2
2
2 2
( ) ( )
H CO
H CO H CO
H CO
p
H O H O H O
CO H O
CO CO CO
H
H CO
CO H O
n n
p p x p x p
x x n n
p p p p
Q
p x p n
x x
p x p n
p p p p n n
m H m CO
M
n n
n n
= = = =
= =
总 总
总 总
2 2
2 2 2
2
2 2
2
( )
( )
0.2 0.2
2 44
2.545
0.3 0.3
28 18
H CO
CO H CO
H O
CO
CO H O CO H O
w m w m
M M M
w m
w m
m H O
m CO
M M M M
=
= =
总 总
总
总
2150
lg2.545 2.216
T
−
820
T K
8. ( ) ( )
B B
p c x
K K RT K p
= =
B
c
x
K p p
K RT RT
= =
解:
选(d)
第1题
9. A + B = 2C + D
p
p
1
3
p 1
3
p 4
3
p 2
3
p
2
2
4 2
32
3 3
1 1 3
3 3
c D
p
A B
p p
p p
K p
p p
p p
= = =
( ) B
p c c
K K RT K RT
= =
3
3 3 3 3
32 101.325 10
0.436 10 0.436
3 8.314 298
p
c
K
K mol m mol m mol dm
RT
− − −
= = = =
解:
选(a)
初始时
平衡时
第2题
10. 解:
3
1
3
3 1 1
ln ln
29 10
( 8.314 1000ln )
100 10
10.3 10 10.3
p
r m p
K
G RT K RT
p
J mol
J mol kJ mol
−
− −
= − = −
= −
= =
选(b)
第3题
14. ( ) ( ) 2 ( )
A s B g C g
= +
2
C B
p p
=
2 3
B C B B B
p p p p p p
= + = + =
解离压
1
3
B
p p
= 2
3
C
p p
=
2 2 3
2 4
3 3 27
C
B
p
p
p p p p
K
p p p p p
= = =
3
4
27
p
p
第7题
16. 4 4
4
2
2 2
2 2 2 2
0.1
0.1563
0.8
CH CH
CH
p
H
H H
p x p
x
p p
Q
x
p x p
p p
= = = = =
所以不可能有 生成。
4 ( )
CH g
第9题
22. 解:反应(1)+反应(2)+反应(3)+反应(4)得
)
(
)
(
)
(
2
)
(
)
(
2
1
( 2
2
2
2
2 s
NH
CO
g
H
g
N
g
O
C =
+
+
石墨)+
(5)
( ) (1) (2) (3) (4)
f m r m r m r m r m
G s G G G G
= + + +
尿素,
1
1
= 1908+228597-394384-3243
1963
4
13
J mol
J mol
−
−
=-
( )
)
4
(
)
3
(
)
2
(
)
1
(
)
5
(
p
p
p
p
p K
K
K
K
K
=
( )
exp[ ]
f m
p
G s
K
RT
= −
尿素,
1
34
1 1
196316
exp 2.58 10
8.314 298
J mol
J mol K K
−
− −
= =
(1)
(2)
(3)
(5)
23. 实际气体反应的标准平衡常数 的表示法有:
B
B
1
( )
p
K K
p
=
G H
e e
D E
e e
g h
f d e
f f
p p
K
f f
p p
=
G H
e e G H
D E
D E
e e
g h
g h
d e d e
p p
p p
p p
p p
=
f
K
m
B r
B
B
( ) ) ln
= ( f
G T RT K
T
= −