In 19th century Philippines, society was stratified into three classes. The highest class consisted of Spanish officials, Peninsulares (Spaniards born in Spain), and friars who ruled over the Filipinos. Below them were the middle class of native Filipinos and mestizos of mixed ancestry. The lowest class, considered the poorest, were the indios or ethnic Filipinos ruled by the Spaniards.

1. THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF
THE PHILIPPINES IN THE 19TH
CENTURY
Arniel P. Viscara, LPT

2. THE EARLY FILIPINO SOCIAL
STRUCTURE
Filipinos
Middle
Class
Lowest
Class
• Natives
• Mestizoz
Indios
Highest Class
• Spanish Officials
• Peninsulares
• Friars

3. THE HIGHEST CLASS
• These are the people who have the power and authority to rule over the Filipinos.
They enjoyed their positions and do whatever they want.

9. THE MIDDLE CLASS
These are the
• Native or the Pure Filipinos and the
• Mistezoz or the Filipinos of mixed Indigenous
Filipinos or European or Chinese ancestry

10. THREE TYPES OF MESTIZOS

12. THE LOWEST CLASS
•This includes Filipinos only
•They are the Natives or pure Filipinos
•The Indios are the poor people having pure
blood Filipino which ruled by the Spaniards

14. THANK YOU