3. INTRODUCTION:
Worsted yarn is a type of yarn that is highly regarded for its smooth, strong, and fine
characteristics. It is commonly used in the production of high-quality fabrics and
garments.
Worsted yarn is typically made from long-staple fibers, such as wool, that have been
combed and aligned in a parallel manner. The combing process removes shorter fibers
and impurities, resulting in a more uniform and refined material.
The spinning technique employed in worsted yarn production involves twisting the fibers
tightly to create a strong, compact yarn. Due to its superior quality and performance,
worsted yarn is often associated with luxury and high-end products.
Worsted yarn is widely used in the textile industry for a range of applications. It is
commonly employed in the production of tailored garments, such as suits, trousers, skirts,
and dresses. The smooth and fine nature of worsted yarn allows for the creation of fabrics
with a refined finish and excellent draping properties.
tailored garments
trousers
Luxury Merino Wool Scarf
4. PROPERTIES:
Woolen Yarn Worsted Yarn
Have a short staple (about 1-4 inch long) Have a long staple (about 4 inch and
longer fiber)
Combing process is carded Combing process are carded and combed
This yarn are weaker then worsted yarn This yarn are Stronger then woolen yarn
This is have a Slack Twists Have a tight twist in spinning
Woolen yarn are softer Worsted yarn are Harder
This yarn is coarser This yarn are finer and smoother
The worsted yarn have some special characteristics from woolen yarns
Below some different about woolen and worsted yarn:
5. MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF WORSTED YARN
sheep shearing wool sorting process
wool blending wool scoring
wool combing
worsted yarn spinning
6. MANUFACTURING PROCESS (SHARING)
Fiber Selection:
The first step in producing worsted yarn is selecting high-quality fibers,
typically wool, with desirable characteristics such as length, fineness,
and color. The fibers may come from different breeds of sheep or other
sources.
Sheep shearing is the process by which the woolen fleece of a sheep is
cut off. The person who removes the sheep's wool is called a shearer
7. MANUFACTURING PROCESS (SORTING)
Sorting is the process of separating different qualities of wool.
Closely examined, the fleece of the common sheep shows thirteen or fourteen different qualities of
wool. The best quality of wool is obtained from the shoulders and back of the sheep and the poorest
wool is obtained from the lower legs.
The selected fibers are sorted to remove any impurities, such as dirt, vegetable matter, or shorter
fibers. This process ensures that only the best quality fibers are used for making worsted yarn.
8. MANUFACTURING PROCESS (BLENDING)
Consists of selecting the right amounts of suitable wools to fulfil an order & then mixing them to give a uniform
product. Once the material has been selected it is a unit and should all be treated together.
9. MANUFACTURING PROCESS (SCOURING)
The souring process of wool are :
1) Pre –opening by means of a bale Plucker
2) Fore baled material or rough opening by means of an automatic feeder when fleeces have already been
opened or when fibers are loosened rough blending of fibers in special blending boxes.
3) Opening and bearing
4) Scouring in special scouring vats
5) Pre-drying in the drier
6) Opening and re-blending
7) Final drying
8) Opening and final re-blending
10. MANUFACTURING PROCESS (CARDING)
The sorted fibers are passed through carding machines, which use wire brushes or teeth to
align the fibers in a parallel arrangement. Carding removes remaining impurities, opens up
the fiber bundles, and creates a web-like material known as a carded sliver.
Operation is intended to separate the fibers and lay them as parallel as possible
The fiber passed between rollers covered with fine wire teeth. Since worsted yarn should
be smooth, the fibers are made to lie as parallel as this process will permit.
Functions of carding:
Opening of individual fiber
Elimination of impurities & dust
Removing of neps
Fiber orientation
Sliver Formation
11. MANUFACTURING PROCESS (COMBING)
Combing:
Combing Operation:
Removes the shorter fibers of 1-4 inch (25-100mm) lengths which is called combing
noils.
Places the longer fibers as parallel as possible.
Further cleans the fibers by removing any remaining loose impurities.
Combing noils are further used for ordinary & less expensive
fabrics and tops for manufacturing worsted fabrics as gabardine,
wipe coed and convey& produce fabric with good color feel and
strength
12. MANUFACTURING PROCESS (ROVING)
Roving:
This is the final stage before spinning. Roving is actually involves a light
twisting operation which is carried out to hold the thin slubber intact.
Roving is actually a light twisting operation to hold the thin slubbers intact.
The fiber passes between the roller, over the coarse wire teeth of the first card
clothing & over progressively finer toothed card clothing.
The fiber that leaves the machine are in the form of untwisted ropes called
‘ROVING’
Roving
13. MANUFACTURING PROCESS (SPINNING)
Spinning:
The drafted top is ready for spinning. In the worsted spinning process, the fibers are tightly twisted
to form a compact and strong yarn. This twisting imparts the smoothness, strength, and fine
texture characteristic of worsted yarn. The twisted yarn is wound onto bobbins or cones for further
processing or use in textile applications.
There are two main kind of spinning to produce :
Ring Spinning and Mule Spinning
Mule spun yarns generally are superior to ring spun yarns but they tend to be much more
expensive due to the slow production rates and high labor input.
Worsted yarns are spun on any kind of spinning machine: mule,ring,cap or flyer
14. MANUFACTURING PROCESS (ADDITIONAL PROCESS)
Additional Processes:
Depending on the desired characteristics of the final yarn, additional processes such as winding, plying, and
finishing may be performed. Winding involves transferring the yarn onto appropriate packages for storage or
distribution.
Plying can be done by combining multiple strands of yarn together to increase its thickness or strength. Finishing
processes, such as washing, steaming, or treating with chemicals, may be applied to improve the yarn's
appearance or performance.
15. PRINCIPLE SYSTEM OF WORSTED YARN:
There are two principle systems of spinning worsted yarns are the English system and the French system:
In the English system (Bradford) the fiber is oiled before combing and a tight twist in inserted. This
Procures smoother and finer yarns. The more tightly twisted yarn makes stronger more durable fabrics.
In the French system, no oil is used. The yarn is given no twist . It is fuzzier an therefore suitable for
soft worsted yarns.
