wheat

1. CP - 321
CROP- WHAET
PLOT NO- 18
SUBMITTED BY:
MANORANJAN ROUT 36C/14
OMRITA JAISWAL 37C/14

2. WHEAT
• Most widely grown cereal grain in the world.
• The most important cultivated wheat sp are
• T. aestivum (hexaploid) 2n = 12
• T. durum (Tetraploid) 4n = 28
• T. sphaerococcum (hexaploid) 6n = 42

3. USE

4. PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION

5. IN INDIA

6. NUTRIENT CONTENT IN WHAEAT
:

7. SOIL AMD CLIMATE
• In India, wheat is grown in different soils; but
it does well on well drained loams and clay
loams. Best growth is achieved in allurial
soils of Gangetic plains; but it does also well
on black cotton soils of central India.
•

8. Climatic requirement
• Wide adaptability
- Prefer areas with cool, moist weather during
growing period followed by dry, warm
weather.
- Optimum temperature range for ideal
germination of seed is 20 – 25 0 C
- Can germinate in the temp range of 3.5 –
350C
- Areas with warm and damp climate are not
suited for wheat growing.

9. Field Preparation
• Requires a well pulverized soils for good
germination
• Field after the harvest of previous crop
should be properly ploughed and harrowed
2-3 times followed by planking
• Pre-sowing irrigation (wetland) 7-10 days
before sowing seed is needed for proper
germination.
• Light leveling is required before sowing seed

10. Management Practices
• In rain-fed areas (dry land) – FP should be
done with care as conservation of moisture
is dependent on it.
• Fields are deep ploughed and done planking
• Usu. done in evening times and furrow
should be kept opened whole night to
absorb moisture from dew.
• Planking should be done in the morning

11. Seed and sowing
• RAISED BED SEED SOWING
• SPACING MAINTAINED
• Row to row 25cm
• Plant to plant 5cm
• Sowing was done by broadcasting in the row
• TIME OF SOWING :
• 1st week of November
• Seed rate 100-120kg/ha

12. Wheat field

13. Nutrient Management
1. FYM- 20kg
2. Nutrient dose - 120-60-40 kg NPK/ha
Time N P2O5 K2O
BASAL 1/2 = 300g FULL =300g FULL- 160g
20DAS 1/2 = 300g 0 0

14. GROWTH STAGE

15. IRRIGATION :
NUMBAR OF IRRIGATION STAGE
o n e i r r i g a t i o n C R I
t w o i r r i g a t i o n C R I & D o u g h s t a g e
t h r e e i r r i g a t i o n C R I + h e a d i n g + D o u g h s t
a g e

16. Weed control
 Yield losses of more than 70% due to weeds have
been reported from weed control experiments.
 It is necessary to keep the crop weed-free during the
first 30 days after sowing.
 Cultural practices :
 Adopting proper crop rotation practices reducing the
weed competition in pearl millet crop.
 Intercropping also helps in smothering the weeds
with good crop cover over the land surface.
 Mulching the soil surface helps to suppress the
weeds and also he in conserving the soil moisture.

17. Chemical control :
• Pre-emergence application :
• It applied after sowing but before emergence of
seedling.
• - Atrazine (0.5-1.0)
• - Pendimethalin (1.0-1.5)
• - Tebutryn (1.0-2.0) for light soils
• - Norea (1.0-2.0) for heavy soils
• Post-emergence application :
• In case of severe infestation.
• Low rates of 2,4-D (0.5-1.0 kg/ha) may be
applied when the plants are about 10 to 30 cm
tall.

18. Harvesting
- when leaves and stems turn yellow and
become fairly dry – before it is dead ripe.
- Done manually using serrated sickle
• YIELD - 18 -2 3 q / h a