fracture of metals microstructure of hadfield stee dislocations work hardening strain hardening necking plastic deformation heat treatment stages of sintering types of sintering solid phase sintering liquid phase sintering sintering applications properties maraging steels effect of base and alloy eleme strain strengthening grain refining grain boundary hardening precipitation strengthening solid solution hardening strengthening mechanisms twinning slip engineering stree-strain sem images of ductile fracture ductile fracture fracture behaviour dislocation formation engineering stress vs engineer true stress – true strain rolling cold working. unstable deformation considère’s construction plastic instability stress-strain steels metals formability amount of cold work effect of cold work variables recrystallization temperature grain growth recrystallization recovery cold working and annealing annealing cold working dr. r.narayanasamy crystallisation process annealing
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