it was nice p p t prepared by me

2. Why do people work?
• Meet your needs.
• Jobs are rewarded with
pay.
• The more responsible the
job the greater the
reward.
• People enjoy working.
• Socially meet new people.
• Satisfaction in your work.
• Purpose of life.

3. What is Unemployed?
A Working Definition of Unemployment
– People able, available and willing to find work
and actively seeking work – but not employed
– The unemployed are included in the labour
force

4. How Is Unemployment Measured?
• The unemployment rate is calculated as the
percentage of the labor force that is
unemployed.
– Unemployment Rate= (Unemployed/Labor
Force)*100

5. Flows in the Labour Market

6. Causes of Unemployment
Key point
i. Defective Investment System
ii. Technological
iii. Poverty
iv. Defective System Of Education
v. Rapid Increase In Population
vi. Inadequate Development Of Agricultural Sector
vii. Slow Progress Of Economic Development
viii.Other Causes

7. Causes of Unemployment
I. DEFECTIVE INVESTMENT SYSTEM
Defective investment system is the most serious
mistake of our economic policy. This mistake has
been repeated again an again.
If we have adopt labour dominated production
system, investment certainly created many jobs.

8. Causes of Unemployment
ii. Technological
Unemployment
caused when
developments in
technology replace
human effort – e.g
in manufacturing,
administration etc.

9. Causes of Unemployment
iii. POVERTY
Poverty and unemployment are like twins. It is
difficult to distinguish them completely. A person
is poor because he is unemployed and if he is
unemployed, poverty is natural for him.
iv. DEFECTIVE SYSTEM OF EDUCATION
Our education system is a rot learning. Its fail in
shaping the mental and physical aspect of human
being.

10. Causes of Unemployment
v. RAPID INCREASE IN POPULATION
YEAR POPULATION
GROWTH RATE
1951 2%
1971 2.2%
1981 2.23%
1991 2.70%
2001 1.54%
2010-11 1.36%

11. Causes of Unemployment
v. Inadequate
development of
agricultural sector
Our 70 % of the
people are living in
villages. Hence, the
agricultural sector
should provide the
employment to them.

12. Causes of Unemployment
vi. Slow progress of economic development
Employment increase is deeply connected
wit grow rate of economic development. But
during the first three decades of planning.
Economic growth rate in India was very slow.
As per latest estimates from 2004-2005 to
2010-2011period the average growth of economic
development has reached to 28.4%.

13. Causes of Unemployment
vii. Absence of national employment policy
The national employment policy seems to
have been absent in our country. In democracy
the unemployment cannot be removed through
astray measures.

14. Causes of Unemployment
viii. Other Causes
 Unemployment is the market power of unions.
 High wages can improve worker health, lower
worker turnover, increase worker effort, and
raise worker quality.
 Unemployment is the time it takes for workers to
search for jobs that best suit their tastes and
skills.