Hydroponics is a way to skip the soil, sub in a different material to support the roots of the plant, and grow crops directly in nutrient-rich water. The main principles of hydroponics are increased oxygen to the root zone, and liquid feed delivered directly to roots. These factors result in increased growth rates, and increased yields when compared to tradition soil gardens where much lower oxygen and often nutrient levels are present. Hydroponics is currently a promising system to develop distinctive plants. Hydroponics is a strategy which can deal with anybody effortlessly. Man can develop plants by hydroponics as their side interest or cultivating and at the same time, they can gather the new vegetables. There are six main types of hydroponic systems to choose from: Wick Systems. Deep Water Culture (DWC) Nutrient Film Technique (NFT). Ebb and Flow (Flood and Drain) Aeroponics. Drip Systems. Md Mahedi Hasan Zahid IUBAT (192) Email: rsdzahid@gmail.com

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2. Presentation Topic
“Hydroponic farming System”
Presented By-
Mahedi Hasan Zahid
Email: rsdzahid@gmail.com
(IUBAT-192) 2

3. Contents
• Introduction.
• History.
• Types of hydroponic system.
• Material used in Hydroponic.
• Nutrient Solution.
• System requirement.
• Advantages of Hydroponic.
• Disadvantages of Hydroponic.
• Hydroponic in Bangladesh.
• Conclusion
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4. Introduction
• Hydroponics is a way to skip the soil, sub in a different material to
support the roots of the plant, and grow crops directly in nutrient-rich
water.
• The word hydroponics comes from the roots “hydro”, meaning water,
and “ponos”, meaning labor, this method of gardening does not use
soil.
• Put simply: Hydroponics is a way to skip the soil, sub in a different
material to support the roots of the plant, and grow crops directly in
nutrient-rich water.
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5. History
• The earliest modern reference to hydroponics was by a man named
William Frederick Gericke. While working at the University of
California, Berkeley, he began to popularize the idea that plants could
be grown in a solution of nutrients and water instead of soil.
• Gericke created a sensation by growing tomato vines twenty-five feet
(7.6 meters) high in his back yard in mineral nutrient solutions rather
than soil.
• He introduced the term hydroponics, water culture, in 1937,
proposed to him by W. A. Setchell, a phycologist with an extensive
education in the classics.
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6. Types of hydroponic system.
There are six main types of hydroponic systems to choose from:
• Wick Systems.
• Deep Water Culture (DWC)
• Nutrient Film Technique (NFT).
• Ebb and Flow (Flood and Drain)
• Aeroponics.
• Drip Systems.
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7. Wick Systems
• It’s what’s known as passive hydroponics, meaning that you don’t
need any air pumps or water pumps to use it.
• Nutrients and water are moved into a plant’s root zone via a wick,
which is often something as simple as a rope or piece of felt.
• One key to success with a wicking system is to use a growing media
that transports water and nutrients well. Good choices include
coconut coir, perlite, or vermiculite.
• Wick systems are good for smaller plants that don’t use up a lot of
water or nutrients. Larger plants may have a hard time getting
enough of either via a simple wick system.
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8. Benefits & Downsides of Wick Systems
• Benefits of Wick Systems
Truly “hands off” if you set it up correctly
Fantastic for small plants, beginner gardeners, and children
• Downsides of Wick Systems
Not good for larger plants.
Incorrect wick placement or material can mean death for your plants.
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9. Wick Systems
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10. Deep Water Culture (DWC)
• In a DWC system, you use a reservoir to hold a nutrient solution. The roots of
your plants are suspended in that solution so they get a constant supply of water,
oxygen, and nutrients.
• To oxygenate the water, you use an air pump with an air stone to pump bubbles
into the nutrient solution. This prevents your roots from drowning in the water —
a weird thing to think about, but it can (and does) happen to many beginner
hydroponic gardeners.
• Your plants are typically housed in net pots that are placed in a foam board or
into the top of the container that you’re using for your reservoir. With some
hydroponic growing media added into your net pots, they provide a home for the
very beginning of your root system and plant stems.​​
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11. Benefits & Downsides of Deep Water Culture (DWC)
• Benefits of Deep Water Culture
Very inexpensive and easy to make at home
Extremely low-maintenance
Recirculating, so less wasted inputs
• Downsides of Deep Water Culture
Does not work well for large plants
Does not work well for plants with long growing period
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12. Deep Water Culture (DWC)
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13. Nutrient Film Technique (NFT)
• Plants are grown in channels that have a nutrient solution pumping
through them and constantly running along the bottom of the
channel. When the solution reaches the end of the channel, it drops
back into a main reservoir and is sent back to the beginning of the
system again. This makes it a recirculating system, just like deep water
culture.
• Unlike deep water culture, your plants roots are not completely
submerged in a NFT system — hence the “film” part of the system’s
name.
• Plants are placed in these channels using net pots and growing
medium and can be replaced or harvested on a one-by-one basis.
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14. Benefits & Downsides of Nutrient Film Technique (NFT)
• Benefits of Nutrient Film Technique
Minimal growing medium needed
Recirculating system means less waste
• Downsides of Nutrient Film Technique
Pump failure of any kind can completely ruin your crop.
Roots can become overgrown and clog the channels.
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15. Nutrient Film Technique (NFT)
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16. Flood and Drain Systems
• Flooding is accomplished by using a reservoir below the tray, a water
pump, and a timer to schedule the flooding cycle.
• After the tray is flooded, gravity drains the solution back down into
the reservoir, where it is being oxygenated by an air pump and air
stone. It sits there waiting for the next flood cycle, and the process
goes on.
• Hydroponic growers choose ebb and flow systems for their flexibility.
Most of them will fill the tray with a growing medium of their choice
and also add net pots to organize their plants and control the roots a
bit more.
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17. Benefits & Downsides of Flood and Drain Systems
• Benefits of Ebb and Flow
Efficient use of water and energy
Highly customizable to your specific needs
• Downsides of Ebb and Flow
Roots can dry out quickly if environmental conditions are off or the
pump or timer fails
Uses a lot of growing medium
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18. Flood and Drain Systems
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19. Aeroponics Systems
• An aeroponic system is similar to a NFT system in that the roots are
mostly suspended in air. The difference is that an aeroponic system
achieves this by misting the root zone with a nutrient solution
constantly instead of running a thin film of nutrient solution along a
channel.
• Some growers prefer to mist on a cycle like an ebb and flow system, but
the cycle is much shorter, typically only waiting a few minutes between
each misting. It’s also possible to mist on a continual basis and use a
finer sprayer to ensure more oxygen gets to the root zone.
• Aeroponic systems have been shown to grow plants even quicker than
some of the simpler systems like deep water culture, but this has not
been verified to be true in all cases. If you want to experiment with this
system, you will need specialized spray nozzles to atomize the nutrient
solution.
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20. Benefits & Downsides of Aeroponics Systems
• Benefits of Aeroponics
Roots often are exposed to more oxygen than submerged-root
systems
• Downsides of Aeroponics
High-pressure nozzles can fail and roots can dry out.
Not as cheap or easy to set up as other methods.
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21. Aeroponics Systems
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22. Drip Systems
• Drip systems are extremely common in commercial operations, but
less common in recreational gardens. This is because they’re simple
to operate a large scale, but slightly overkill for a smaller garden.
Regardless, they’re a great way to grow hydroponically that you
should consider.​
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23. Benefits & Downsides of Drip Systems
• Benefits of Drip Systems
High level of control over feeding and watering schedule
Less likely to break
Relatively cheap
• Downsides of Drip Systems
May be overkill for a smaller garden
Fluctuating pH and nutrient levels (if using recirculating system)
High waste (if using waste system)
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24. Drip Systems
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25. Material used in Hydroponic
Coco coir Rockwool
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26. Material used in Hydroponic
Expanded clay pellets Potting soil
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27. Nutrient Solution
• Nutrient solution to Hydroponic is just like fertilizers to soil.
Essentially, a Hydroponic nutrient solution is a liquid filled with all of
the necessary nutrients so that plant roots can come into contact for
its growth.
• There any no set formula for these nutrient formula. Each plant
requires different nutrients. Also, this relies on a lot of other factors
like growth phases, weathers, and so on.
• Different formulas have been developed for hydroponics. Most of the
time, major nutrients for plants are the same. Just the percentage of
them is different.
• Photosynthesis process:
Carbon Dioxide + Water Glucose + Oxygen
6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2
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28. Content
• Plants cannot properly function without 17 essential nutrients. These
nutrients are needed so that processes critical to plant growth and
development can occur.
• Essential nutrients can be broadly categorized as macronutrients and
micronutrients.
• Macronutrients include carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen,
phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium, and magnesium.
• Micronutrients include iron, manganese, zinc, boron, molybdenum,
chlorine, copper, and nickel.
• Macronutrients are required in higher amounts than micronutrients.
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29. System requirement
• Ph
(5.7 – 6.4) Or slightly acetic.
• Electrical conductivity
 1.2 – 3.5 Mho
• Temperature and environment control
 68 - 78 Degree F.
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30. System requirement
• Bulb
The most popular wattage for hydroponic bulbs is between 400-600
Watts. Most hydro gardeners use High-Intensity Discharge (HID)
lights. HID bulbs produce light by sending an arc of electricity
between two electrodes that are encased in glass with a mixture of
gas and metal salts.
Metal Halide (MH) High pressure sodium light (HPS)
• Timer
Timers are the most inexpensive piece of the lighting system, but
they are incredibly important. They must be heavy duty and grounded
(three-prong plug) but can be either manual or electric.
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31. Advantages of Hydroponic
• You can grow anywhere.
• Uses 20 times less water than soil based gardening.
• Your environment is sterile, which means no pesticides.
• You’ll use 20% less space for growing.
• The system water can be reused, allowing you to conserve water.
• You can have complete control over nutrient balance by using Dyna-
Gro Nutrition Solutions.
• No soil setup and testing hassles.
• Harvesting is easier.
• No mulching, tilling, changing of soil and weeding
• You can grow year round if indoors.
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32. Disadvantages of Hydroponic
• Putting together a hydroponic system isn’t cheap.
• Constant monitoring is required.
• Hydroponic systems are vulnerable to power outages. In the event of
a power outage that outlasts your generators you will be manually
watering your garden.
• Micro-organisms that are water-based can creep in rather easily.
• Growing a hydroponic garden demands technical expertise.
• Production is limited compared to field conditions
• If a disease appears, all plants in the system will be affected.
• Without soil to serve as a buffer if the system fails plant death will
occur rapidly.
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33. Hydroponic in Bangladesh
• To be sustainable in food production, it is high time for Bangladesh to
adapt hydroponic farming system.
• Some of our Bangladeshi entrepreneurs and companies have already
introduced their hydroponic systems to us, and its increasing day by
day.
• This is not a new practice in Bangladesh, it has traditional roots in
practices dating back to the country’s forbearers, although the
scientific component is a recent addition.
• Baira, boor, dhap, gathua, gatoni, geto, kandi and vasomanchash and
floating agriculture; all these names represent this same traditional
cultivation practice that can be scientifically referred to as
hydroponics.
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34. Hydroponic in Bangladesh
• Hydroponics is currently a promising system to develop distinctive
plants. Hydroponics is a strategy which can deal with anybody
effortlessly. Man can develop plants by hydroponics as their side
interest or cultivating and at the same time, they can gather the new
vegetables.
• As Bangladesh has much poor farmers that’s why Hydroponics can
play an awesome commitment for the poorer and landless
individuals.
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35. Hydroponic crops in Bangladesh
• Particularly leafy vegetables, as well as flower vegetables that can be
planted around the year.
• The most common plants are as follows: Lettuce, bok choy, hybrid
cabbage, basil, mint (pudina), tomatoes, capsicum, chili, long beans,
bitter gourd, squash, cucumbers, and melons, Etc.
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36. Hydroponic in Bangladesh
Floating agriculture in Bangladesh. Hydroponic practice by “Green
savers” in Bangladesh.
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37. Conclusion
• In recent years hydroponics is seen as a promising strategy for
growing different crops. To encourage commercial hydroponic farm, it
is important to develop low cost hydroponic technologies that reduce
dependence on human labor and lower overall startup and
operational costs.
• Hydroponics is currently a promising system to develop distinctive
plants. Hydroponics is a strategy which can deal with anybody
effortlessly.
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