noise and vibrations safety of OSH

1. MODULE 18-noise and
vibrations
SAFE COMPANY

2. NOISE I
Concept: Change in air pressure which is perceived by our ears.
•The sound level is determined by the pressure difference in the sound
waves. This is measured in decibel (dB). Logarithmic scale.
•There are various methods to determine sound level. The most
effective method is by using a sound meter.
•Noise can cause irritation and a temporary or even permanent loss of
hearing (no cure).
•Loss of hearing is a gradual danger. Signs.
•Hearing tests are recommended

3. NOISE II
Exposure:
•Hearing damage can occur when people have prolonged exposure
during a working lifetime to around 80 dB(A).
•Most countries have introduced legislation to minimize the exposure to
workplace noise - usually around 90dB(A).
•Sometimes 2 limits are specified in the legislation: an "action level"
(noise reduction measures should be taken) and an absolute limit value
(workers should not be exposed under any circumstances).
•Daily exposure of 8 hrs to 80 dB(A): the employer should provide
hearing protection.

4. NOISE III
• From 85 dB(A): measures to reduce the noise, identifying areas and
ensuring that hearing protection is worn.
• Workers should not be exposed to level in the range 87-90 dB(A).
• Exposure to a peak value of 140 dB(A) is prohibited.
• Actions: noise assessment (modification), engineering and
administrative controls.

5. NOISE IV
Preventative measures:
Reduce sound (machines, work method, isolators, sound damping
material, maintenance, speed of work process),
Shield source (soundproof hoods or screens),
Damping sound (absorbent material).
•Types of PPEs: wadding or pods, plugs, universal ear plugs,
osteoplastic and ear muffs, ear buds.
•Adequate for the level of sound, insert correctly, PPE clean, check
regularly, good maintenance, not shared, good fit, compatible with
other equipment. Muffs: vertical, good seal.

6. VIBRATIONS
The frequency is measured in Hertz (Hz). Humans are most sensitive
to vibrations between 2 and 10 Hz.
Two types of vibrations:
Vibrations transferred to hand and arm joints (hand-arm vibrations).
White finger.
Vibrations transferred to the entire body (body vibrations)
Symptoms of white finger: special cold, ability decrease, pain in hands
and arms, loss of sensibility.
Causes: vibrating tools, noise, smoking and diabetes.

7. VIBRATIONS II
Prevention:
•Appropriate design of machines. Appropriate tools.
•Acquisition of materials and vehicles that cause the least vibrations.
•Machines well maintained.
•Using vibration damping hand clasps and vibration damping gloves.
•Limit the exposure duration. Avoid if suffering white finger.
•Job rotation
•Avoid cold