Présentation de Sara Tucci-Piergiovanni, CEA LIST Head of Lab for Trustworthy, Smart and Self-Organising Information Systems

1. 1
An R&D Perspective
Traçabilité, sécurité, collaboration : ce que peut la blockchain pour l'IoT
Sara Tucci, Ph.D.
Head of Lab for Trustworthy,
Smart and Self-Organising
Information Systems
CEA LIST
Tuesday 10 July 2018

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VIEWPOINT #1
incorporating IoT in blockchains applications
EnergyInsurance FoodFinance
IoT
interaction

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Machines
economy
Decentralized
Interaction
MicropaymentsIdentity & Access
Management
Blockhain complexity
VIEWPOINT #2
incorporating blockchains in IoT applications

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Two sides of the same coin?
VIEWPOINT #1
incorporating
IoT
in blockchains
applications
VIEWPOINT #2
incorporating
blockchains
in IoT
applications

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WHEN YOU THINK “SYSTEM” CHALLENGES YOU FIND “VERY
COMMON” ONES
YOU SAY «I use the blockchain
to scale up to million of devices »
BUT is the blockchain SCALABLE?
YOU SAY «I use the blockchain
to prevent DDOS attacks,
malaware injection, IP forgery »
BUT are you sure this prevents to get false
information ? Or no information ?
YOU SAY «I use the blockchain
to securely trace transactions
among IoT devices »
BUT is the IoT device a blockchain node?
Resource constraints prevent to use even
classical asymmetric cryptography…
At the end you discover that you moved bottlenecks in the
blockchain…

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THE TRIANGLE “CONJECTURE” [Slepak and Petrova. The DCS Theorem, 2018]
Autonomy Resilience/Security
Scale
Capacity of deciding
autonomously on the next
state
The system continues to
perform its behaviour even if
any single node is
removed/changes behaviour
Ability to maintain
performances while workload
increase by adding resources
Pick two
out of
three

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R&D : SEEKING THE BEST TRADE-OFF, EXAMPLES…
A R
S
• Committee Consensus
• Tendermint [Buchman2015-18],
• RedBelly [Crain2017],
• Ouroboros [Kiayias2017],
• Algorand [Gilad2017]
• Sharding
• Omniledger [Kokoris2018]
• Ethereum Sharding
A R
S
+
A R
S
2-layer blockchain
• Lightning[Poon2017]
• Channel factories
[Decker2017]

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R&D : SEEKING THE BEST TRADE-OFF, MORE EXAMPLES
A R
S
A R
S
+
A R
S
And other emerging approaches for federated
blockchains
• Cosmos [Kwon2017]
• Plasma [Poon2017]
• Polkadot [Wood2016]
• Interledger [Thomas2015]

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But still R&D…not operational
so what to do in the meanwhile to build
IoT&blockchain applications?

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THERE IS NO MAGIC: YOU NEED SYSTEM THINKING TO PUT TOGETHER
ALL THE PIECES
 ORGANIZE YOUR ARCHITECTURE
A. Dorri et al. « Towards an Optimized BlockChain for IoT » IoTDI 2017, April 2017, Pittsburgh, PA USA
Transactions are generated by
users and devices to request or
share data

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THERE IS NO MAGIC: YOU NEED SYSTEM THINKING TO PUT TOGETHER
ALL THE PIECES
 QUALIFY AND AUDIT YOUR DATA
O. Gurcan et al. «An Industrial Prototype of Trusted Energy Performance Contracts Using BlockChain Technologies » IEEE Smart City 2018,, UK
Energy performance
contracts

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THERE IS NO MAGIC: YOU NEED SYSTEM THINKING TO PUT TOGETHER
ALL THE PIECES
 FIND THE ACCEPTABLE TRADE OFF
O. Gurcan et al. «An Industrial Prototype of Trusted Energy Performance Contracts Using BlockChain Technologies » IEEE Smart City 2018, UK

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Takeaways
• IoT and blockchain are the two sides of a same ”system problem”
• Single technologies do not provide a universal solution
• System thinking is necessary
• R&D is needed and the following axes are now well-understood
• Federation of heterogenous blockchains
• Off-chain transactions
• Interoperability
• Interdisciplinarity: economical design of distributed protocols
• Clever engineering is still needed to come up with “good enough” systems

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Thanks!Contact: sara.tucci@cea.fr