1. The Infant Years (0-4 Months)
How does your baby’s physical, social/emotional and intellectual domains compare to the developmental milestones patterns? Is it typical?
Developmental Answer Prove It (give examples from your Example (give examples from the book)
Domain (Your original thoughts) reports) (cite your references)
(Cite your references)
1. Miny was born one week before the due 1. “A normal pregnancy lasts average
date. (virtual child report, 0 month) approximately 280 days or 40 weeks.”
(www.baby2see.com/pregnancylength)
It appears that Miny's birth was a 2. Miny's crying was rhythmic, and if she 2. “Infants cry a lot. Their gradually crying
little bit earlier, but she was still was crying loudly that showed her hungry, becomes more intense and usually occurs
Physical meeting her developmental wet, or cold. (virtual child report with when they are hungry, uncomfortable, or
milestones later. questions, 0 month) tired.” (Child Development: a Chronological
Approach, P. 101)
3. Miny sleeped virtually all of the time, only 3. “Infants sleep a lot. They spend 16-18
waking when she was hungry, cold, or wet. hours on sleeping.” (Child Development: a
She usually drifted back to sleep toward the Chronological Approach, P. 102)
end of the feeding. (virtual child report with
questions, 0 month)
1. Miny liked to watch people more than 1. "Infants begin to smile during the first few
objects. She often smiled and interacted weeks after birth, and they prefer to see
with almost everyone. (virtual child report & people's faces and make social smiles."
questions, 3 months) (Child Development: a Chronological
It seems that Miny's social and Approach, P. 181)
Social / emotional development was
Emotional typical. 2. "Miny smiled when she saw familiar 2. "Infants' smiling is joined by laugher at
people and toys, and she laughed at about 4 months. They often laugh when
surprising or funny things (such as a little they see familiar things and people." (Child
dog)." (virtual child report, 3 months) Development: a Chronological Approach, P.
181)
1. "Although your baby’s memory is quite
1. "Miny can learn a thing or two. "(virtual short-term in early weeks, his ability to
Intellectual It appears that Miny's intellectual child report with questions, 3 months) remember is improving and becoming more
(Cognitive development was meeting her sophisticated all the time." (www.effective-
& developmental milestones, and it
Language) is typical. parenting-tips.com/intellectual-
development, 0-4 months)
2. 2. "Babies will like to look at objects held
2. Miny was able to focus her eyes on me. about 20-35 cm in front of him, just the right
She spent a lot of time studying my face distance for watching your face as you feed
and the faces of anyone who came close to or hold him. Focusing on moms face and
her. (virtual child report, 3 months) the faces of other family members is
important to babies."( www.effective-
parenting-tips.com/intellectual-
Intellectual It appears that Miny's intellectual development, 0-4 months)
(Cognitive development was meeting her
& developmental milestones, and it 3. "She spends a lot of time calmly 3. "At first he will see edges of things
Language) is typical. examining objects or gazing quietly at because center of his visual field is still
people." (virtual child report with questions, blurred."(www.effective-parenting-
3 months) tips.com/intellectual-development, 0-4
months )
4. I loved to hear Miny make those little 4. "Vocabulary will range from brief one
"ooo" sounds. (virtual child report with syllable squeaks and squeals to long “ch”
questions, 3 months) and “oh” vowel sounds."(www.effective-
parenting-tips.com/intellectual-
development, 0-4 months )
3. The Infant Years (5-8 Months)
How does your baby’s physical, social/emotional and intellectual domains compare to the developmental milestones patterns? Is it typical?
Developmental Answer Prove It (give examples from your Example (give examples from the book)
Domain (Your original thoughts) reports) (cite your references)
(cite your references)
Miny was physically healthy. The doctor “A child's early years - from before birth to
Miny was a healthy baby. recommended me to provide a greater age six - are very important. Healthy babies
However, it seems that Miny`s variety of baby food and ground up fruits are more likely to develop into healthy
physical development was not and vegetables. (virtual child report, 8 children” (www.children.gov.on.ca)
Physical typical because her motor skills months)
were a little delay.
"Miny's gross and fine motor skills are a "Use finger and thumb to pick up an object"
little behind for her age and she did not do (Ages and Stages: A brief Overviews Birth
much exploring of the playroom." (virtual to 12 years, 8 months)
child report, 8 months)
1. "Miny readily adapted to the new people 1. "responds differently to strangers"
and situations in the pediatrician's office. (Ages and Stages: A brief Overviews Birth
She made eye contact, smiled at them, and to 12 years, 8 months )
vocalized to them quite a bit." (virtual child
Social / It appears that Miny`s social and report, 8 months)
Emotional emotional development was
typical. 2. When you left Miny in daycare, she 2. "show some amount of anxiety at
started to cry. (virtual child report, 8 separation from parent" (Ages and Stages:
months) A brief Overviews Birth to 12 years 8
months, )
3. While Miny was meeting total strangers, 3."responds differently to strangers" (Ages
she was crying loudly. and Stages: A brief Overviews Birth to 12
(virtual child report, 8 months) years, 8 months )
Intellectual It appears that Miny's intellectual Miny liked hiding game very much. She "searches for toys hidden under a blanket,
(Cognitive development was meeting her could find a hidden object.(virtual child basket, or container" (Ages and Stages: A
& milestones. report, 8 months) brief Overviews Birth to 12 years, 8
Language) months)
4. The Infant Years (9-12 Months)
How does your baby’s physical, social/emotional and intellectual domains compare to the developmental milestones patterns? Is it typical?
Developmental Answer Prove It (give examples from your Example (give examples from the book)
Domain (Your original thoughts) reports) (cite your references)
(cite your references)
Miny had been in pretty good health. “A child's early years - from before birth to
Occasionally, She had cold or brief bout of age six - are very important. Healthy babies
Miny was very healthy, but it indigestion . (virtual child report with are more likely to develop into healthy
Physical seems that Miny's physical questions, 12 months) children” (www.children.gov.on.ca/)
development was typical, and she
was meeting her developmental
milestones. She could almost stand up on her own, but "pulls self to a standing position" (Ages and
shehad still not learned to walk. (virtual Stages: A brief Overviews Birth to 12 years,
child report with questions,12 months ) 12 months)
1. Miny was happier and more willing to try 1. "wants caregiver or parent to be in
new things when I was around. (virtual child constant sight" (Ages and Stages: A brief
report with questions12 months, ) Overviews Birth to 12 years,12 months )
Social /
Emotional It appears that Miny's 2. Often, Miny smiled and showed 2. "expresses fear or anxiety toward
social/emotional development was immediate signs of wanting to get down and strangers" (Ages and Stages: A brief
positive (liked to meet other approach or be held when strangers Overviews Birth to 12 years,12 months )
people and most time was wanted to hold her. (virtual child report with
happy) . questions,12 months, )
3. “Miny is able to imitate new words and 3. "imitates adult actions" (Ages and
actions now.” (virtual child report with Stages: A brief Overviews Birth to 12
questions, 12 months) years,12 months )
It seems that Miny's intellectual Miny now clearly understood couple of "says first word; understand simple words"
Intellectual development was meeting her dozen words and recently pronounced her (Ages and Stages: A brief Overviews Birth
milestones. first clear word (virtual child report,12 to 12 years, 12 months)
months )
5. The Toddler Years (1-2 Years old)
How is your child progressing based on typical toddler development?
Give specific examples in the areas of Physical, Social / Emotional and Intellectual domains.
Developmental Answer Prove It (give examples from the report Example (give examples from the book)
Domain (Your original thoughts) (cite your references) (cite your references)
1. Miny had a tremendous drove to use her 1. "Children are generally more active than
motor skills. I hadto keep an eye on her at any other point in their lives."
because she would quickly toddle off into (www.nncc.org/child.dev/, toddlers)
the crowd at public places or even into the
street! (virtual child report, 18 months)
2. "almost all children will learn to use toilet"
Physical It appears that Miny's physical 2. "Miny is able to enroll when she (Ages and Stages: A brief Overviews Birth
development was delay. becomes reasonably well potty-trained." to 12 years, 2 years old)
(virtual child report, 19 months)
3. "2 year old toddlers are running, climbing
3. "Miny's gross motor skills were below and physically active. Gross motor skills are
average, particularly on climbing and necessary for walking, running, sitting and
throwing and catching tasks." (virtual child crawling and all of these become necessary
report, 19 months & 2 1/2 years old) later when your toddler grows up and needs
to grow in physical strength as well as for
the simple function of being able to sit for
school work." ( www.toddler-activities-at-
home.com)
1. Miny and I had fun in inexpensive 1. "Your toddler is interested in the world
activities like going to the zoo, the petting and everything that special "
farm, museums and the park(virtual child (www.babycentre.co.uk, toddlers)
report , 2 years old)
Social / It seems that Miny's 2. Miny had some new emotions such 2. "They become increasingly more self-
Emotional social/emotional development was asshy , guilty, and embarrassment.(virtual aware. They begin to express new
above the same ages’ children. child report , 2 years old) emotions such as jealousy, affection, pride,
and shame." (www.nncc.org/child.dev/,
toddlers)
3. She used the word "me" a lot, and 3. "Insists on trying to do several tasks
wanted to do things by herself. (virtual child without help" (Ages and Stages: A brief
report , 18 months) Overviews Birth to 12 years, 2 years old)
6. 4. Miny knew her gender, and had begun to 4. "During the preschool years, children
categorize behavior and objects as suited learn about gender roles-- the culturally
to boys or girls. She prefered playing with prescribed roles considered appropriate for
girls, but got along pretty well with boys." males and females."(Child Development: a
(virtual child report , 2 years old) Chronological Approach, P. 274)
5. Miny was very outgoing and friendly with 5. "Acts shy around strangers" (Ages and
new people. (virtual child report with Stages: A brief Overviews Birth to 12
question, 18 months) years,2 years old )
" Miny readily engaged with her socially
and made good eye contact. She seemed
at ease with the examiner throughout the
session." (virtual child main report , 2 1/2
years old)
6. Miny liked to play make believe with 6. "enjoys simple make-believe like talking
Social / It seems that Miny's cups, dolls, and toy telephones. (virtual on the phone" (Ages and Stages: A brief
Emotional social/emotional development was child report with questions, 18 months) Overviews Birth to 12 years, 2 years old)
above the same ages children.
1. "The specialist thought that Miny was 1. "They still need security."
securely attached" (virtual child main report, (www.nncc.org/child.dev, toddlers)
19 months )
2. "Miny joined readily into the play of the 2. "Activities do not involve others. They
other toddlers and was accepted by them. are generally very self-centered and sharing
By the end of the session, Miny was making is still difficult. They enjoy playing near
other children." (www.nncc.org/child.dev,
suggestions for play ideas and the other
toddlers)
kids were following along." (virtual child
main report, 2 1/2 years old )
7. 3. Miny was generally in a positive mood 3." easily frustrated" (Ages and Stages: A
during the play sessions, but occasionally brief Overviews Birth to 12 years, 2 years
could be irritable or impatient when things old)
did not go her way (virtual child main report,
19 months )
Miny appeared to be fairly aggressive
with the other children. (virtual child main
report, 19 months )
Social / It seems that Miny's 4. "If there was a confrontation with another 4."can show aggressive behaviour and the
Emotional social/emotional development was child about toys, Miny could become quite intent to hurt others" (Ages and Stages: A
above the same ages children. possessive, and once even pushed and hit brief Overviews Birth to 12 years, 2 years
another child in the group and had to be put old)
in time out." (virtual child main report, 2 1/2
years old )
5. "cannot sit still or play with a toy for more
5. "Miny had some difficulty concentrating
than a few minutes" (Ages and Stages: A
for more than a few minutes on any one
brief Overviews Birth to 12 years, 2 years
activity." (virtual child main report, 19
old)
months )
Miny was hard to keep on task, as her
attention kept wandering to items in the
examiner's "bag of tricks"(virtual child main
report, 2 1/2 years old )
8. 1."She often studied things in her 1."Interested in learning how to use
environment and performed simple little common items" (Ages and Stages: A brief
"experiments" with them." (virtual child Overviews Birth to 12 years, 2 years old)
report, 15 months)
2.Miny was very interested in music, and 2."Enjoys simple stories, rhymes, and
often danced in rhythm to my favorite songs" (Ages and Stages: A brief
music, and tried to clap or sing along with Overviews Birth to 12 years, 2 years old)
songs that you sang or that were played on
TV. (virtual child report, 18 months)
Intellectual It appears that Miny's intellectual 3.Miny was speaking mostly in 3 to 4 word 3."Use 2-3 word sentences" (Ages and
(Cognitive development was above the other sentences and her vocabulary was Stages: A brief Overviews Birth to 12 years,
& children's average intellectual expanding greatly. (virtual child main report 2 years old)
Language) development. , 2 1/ 2years old)
4. Miny could remember recent experiences 4. "They can memorize short rhymes. They
and provided simple descriptions of what express their feelings and wishes."
happened, such as a trip to the petting zoo (www.nncc.org/, toddlers)
or the amusement park. (virtual child main
report , 2 1/2 years old)
5. "Miny is about average in solving 5. "can solve problems if they are simple"
problems with more than two steps, and (Ages and Stages: A brief Overviews Birth
grouping objects together in categories." to 12 years, 3 years old)
(virtual child main report , 2 1/2 years old)
9. 6."Miny scored above average in all 3. " use 2-3 word sentences" (Ages and
aspects of language development, and is Stages: A brief Overviews Birth to 12 years,
ready to be read aloud to more frequently, 2 years old)
as she can follow typical story lines. The
examiner also noted that her memory was "Talks in complete sentences of 3-5 words"
pretty good " (virtual child main report, 19 (Ages and Stages: A brief Overviews Birth
months ) to 12 years, 3years old)
"Miny scored in the above average range
on tests of language comprehension and "They can memorize short rhymes."
production, and provided unusually (www.nncc.org/child.dev/, toddlers)
complete and grammatically mature
sentences in a conversation the examiner
Intellectual It appears that Miny's intellectual and she had about a picture." (virtual child
(Cognitive development was above the other main report , 2 1/2 years old)
& children's average intellectual
Language) development.
7. "Miny was above age-norms for building 4. "stacks 5-7 blocks; can distinguish,
a block tower to model one made by the match and name colors, can solve simple
examiner and other spatial skills such as problems" (Ages and Stages: A brief
copying shapes, coloring within the lines Overviews Birth to 12 years, 3years old)
and solving picture puzzles." (virtual child
main report, 19 months )
"She is above average in copying shapes
with a pencil, working with picture puzzles
and constructing things out of blocks and
seemed to enjoy working with these things
a great deal." (virtual child main report , 2
1/2 years old
10. The Infant years (Birth to 12 Months Old)
Identify specific health and safety considerations that you will have to consider during the infant years.
How will you address these issues?
1. Breast feeding
Breast feeding is good for infants to keep them healthier. "Breast milk is the best food you can offer your new baby. The Canadian Pediatrics
Society recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life." (www.caringforkids.cps.ca/pregnancybabies/Breastfeeding). I always
feed my baby breast milk.
2. Sleeping
Providing enough sleep for new born babies is very necessary. "Sleep is what new borns do more than anything else. They sleep 16-18 hours
daily." (Child Development: a Chronological Approach, P. 102) I make sure that child always has enough sleeping.
3. Diapering
Providing strict diapering routine is very necessary for infants to keep their health. "A strict diapering routine is essential in infant programs to control
the incidence of gastrointestinal infection." (Pimento, P.135). Babies have to be changed clean diapers to keep their bodies cleanliness all the time.
I always provide strict diapering routine.
4. Sanitizing
Providing daily sanitizing for baby's mouthed toys is a good way to keep their health and safety. "Toys that have been in infants' and toddlers'
mouths are obvious vehicles of germ transmission. Many toys for infants are designed to be safe for them to put in the mouth. .... Toys that are
mouthed should be cleaned and sanitized daily." (Pimento, P. 140) I sanitize the toys every day.
11. 5. Dropping drown
Preventing babies’ dropping drown is very necessary. "Babies can drown in an only an inch of water. This puts them at risk of drowning in wading
pools, bathtubs, buckets, diaper pails, toilets, spas and hot tubs. Make bath time and other water-related activities safe by actively supervising your
baby and keeping your baby's bath and play areas free from hazards." (www.safekids.org/, 1 year old) I make sure to keep my baby safe when she
is at some high places, and I provide the bed for her with fences.
12. The Toddler Years (1-2 Years Old)
Have there been any environmental events that you think might have influenced your child’s development?
Does this create any health or safety concerns for your toddler?
1. Going to the Parks
My daughter and I often went to the parks. I thought my child would be healthier if she often went to the parks, and it was good for children's
physical and social development. She would meet lots of other children, and she would do more physical exercises. "There are games and activities
that are designed for specific age groups as well as games that can be enjoyed by all ages. Children will never get bored and parents can relax
knowing their children will be busy and safe." (readerspot.com, toddlers) My daughter will still go to the parks very often in the future.
Safety concern: I worried about my child falling down when she was at the playing equipments which were high. "Toddlers and playgrounds are
practically inseparable. Falls account for 80 percent of playground injuries, but most playground fatalities are caused by strangulation. Take the
necessary steps to keep little kids safe." (www.safekids.org/, toddlers) I always kept an eye on her and guide her how to play.
2. Swimming
My child was learning how to swim. "The following positive benefits are with-in the scope of possibility for infants and toddlers when taught in a
gentle, gradual, child-paced and baby-friendly. Swimming lessons has the potential to increase intelligence, concentration, alertness, and
perceptual abilities. Improvement in social, emotional and physical development has also been published." (www.babyswimming.com, Infants &
toddlers) I think swimming is good for children's physical development. Therefore, I will continue to provide swimming lessons for my daughter.
Safety concern: I worried about she might drown. "Most drownings and near-drownings occur in residential swimming pools. A child should never
be unsupervised in or near water, even shallow wading pools. Always supervise children in and around water. Never allow them to be near water
alone." (www.safekids.org/, toddler) I will keep one eye on her to be sure she is safe.
13. 3. Going to the field trips
Sometimes, I brought my child to the field trips, such as zoo, children's museums, and farms. "Many young children learn best while in motion. Field
trips submerge children into the environment of their curriculum studies. If a child is learning about animals, taking him to the zoo allows the
youngster to have physical interaction with the animals. He can view and sometimes touch the animals, which provide an authentic reference,
creating a quality learning opportunity that enriches the educational development of the child." (www.ehow.com) My daughter had lots of great
experiences from the field trips, and it let her free to explore more interesting things.
4. Climbing the Equipments
She often climbed the play equipments outside and at home. It was good for her physical development, especially, for her motor skills
development. "Climbing is a total-body workout for kids. It improves their muscular endurance, flexibility, coordination and balance. Climbing also
builds self-confidence in kids. Kids can set goals of reaching new levels. A child's self-confidence gets a boost each time she accomplishes one of
these goals in climbing. Climbing also gets kids out of the house so that they can enjoy nature." (www.livestrong.com) I will still allow my daughter to
climb the playing equipments.
Safety concern: I worried about my child falling down. "Toddlers and playgrounds are practically inseparable. Falls account for 80 percent of
playground injuries, but most playground fatalities are caused by strangulation. Take the necessary steps to keep little kids safe."
(www.safekids.org, toddlers) I always kept an eye on her and guide her.
5. Drawing the simple nature things
I asked my daughter tried to draw some very simple shapes from the environment such as rocks, a piece of grass, a pan and a cup. I always
repeated these words to her in order to let her know or remember more words. Also, thought drawing develops her fine motor and cognitive skills.
"Learning how to draw is one of the earliest activities that children are generally given. It will encourage them to view everything before them. They
not only begin to learn hand-eye coordination, but to study their subjects carefully."( www.artsz.org) I will encourage her to draw the nature things.
14. Part C: Thinking Ahead
According to the reports, within 2 years old, Miny’s motor skills was delayed, so I think she might have difficulty to do some tasks by hands in
preschool age. Also, the reports points out that “Miny had some difficulty concentrating for more than a few minutes on any one activity”. She might
not have patient to do some activities in preschool age.
I predict Miny’s development in physical domain. She might run and jump. “Through the preschool years, children move beyond simple walking to
running and jumping and other complex motor skills that require greater coordination and precise timing of movements.”(Child Development: a
Chronological Approach, P. 218)
I predict Miny’s development in social/emotional domain. She might know about male and females. “During the preschool years, children learn
about gender roles-- the culturally prescribed roles considered appropriate for males and females.” (Child Development: a Chronological Approach,
P. 274). Also, she might have more self-control. “Effective ways to resist temptation include reminding yourself of the importance of long-term goals
over short- term temptations and reducing the attraction of the tempting event. “During the preschool years, some youngsters being to use both of
these spontaneously to resist temptation.”(Child Development: a Chronological Approach, P. 306)
I predict Miny’s development in cognitive and language domain. She might count less than 10. “During the preschool years, children master basic
principles and apply them to ever larger sets of objects. By age 5, most youngsters apply these counting principles to as many as nine objects.”
(Child Development: a Chronological Approach, P. 246) Also, she might speak effectively during preschool age. “By the preschool years, children
used simpler grammar and more attention-getting words, such as see, look watch, and hey.”(Child Development: a Chronological Approach, P.260 )
15. Part D:
Bibliography
Books
Author: ROBERT V. KAIL; THERESA ZOLNER
Book title: CHILDREN: A CHRONOLOGICAL APPROACH
Publisher: Pearson Canada
Date of publication: 2011
Author: BARBARA PIMENTO; DEBORAH KERNESTED
Book title: HEALTHY FOUNDATIONS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD SETTINGS
Publisher: NELSON EDUCATION
Date of publication: 2010
Book Title: Ages and Stages: A brief Overviews Birth to 12 years
Early Childhood Education Healthy Development ECEP-103