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1. Ergothioneine- High Purity Stable, Safe and Effective Natural Antioxidant
INCI Name: L-Ergothioneine
CAS No.: 497-30-3
Molecular Formula: C9H15N3O2S
Molecular Weight: 229.30
Background and development
Ergothioneine (EGT) is a rare amino acid that exists in nature and has important physiological
activities in the body.
The scientific name of ergothioneine is 2-mercapto-L-histidine trimethyl inner salt, which was
first discovered by Tanret C in 1909 from the sclerotium of ergot fungus (a fungus parasitic on the
grass rye) ), and subsequently ergothioneine was also found in animal blood. Ergothioneine is a
natural amino acid that exists in many animals and plants and is rich in content. It cannot be
synthesized by the animal body itself and can only be ingested from food. It is a rare amino acid.
Ergothioneine plays a unique role in the synthesis process of body cells and has strong
antioxidant properties.
With the continuous deepening of people's research on antioxidants, ergothioneine, as a natural
biologically active substance, has begun to receive widespread attention.

2. Source
1. Biological extraction method:
Ergothioneine is extracted from edible fungi or animal tissues, but the content of ergothioneine
in the raw materials is still very low, and there are many problems in raw materials, drug residues,
customary taboos, and high extraction costs.
2. Biosynthetic preparation
Using edible fungus strains as raw materials, adopting submerged fermentation technology, and
obtaining high-purity ergothioneine through membrane separation and other methods, the
purity can reach more than 98.5%, and the extraction efficiency is improved; using water
extraction, it is safe and environmentally friendly from beginning to end, relying on Large-scale
production can reduce costs
3. Chemical synthesis
The synthesis process is difficult. Once the levorotation process problem is broken, the yield and
purity can be greatly improved, and the cost can be reduced at the same time.
Mechanism of action
1. Ergothioneine has a strong ability to scavenge OH-, but it does not react quickly with O2-.

3. Other antioxidants are unstable and easily oxidized in aqueous solution, but ergothioneine is
more stable, which is one of its biggest characteristics.
2. The antioxidant effect of ergothioneine is also reflected in the chelation of divalent Fe2+ and
Cu2+ to prevent the formation of
antioxidants mainly remove the products after oxidation.
3. Ergothioneine can stimulate the natural antioxidant defense system of cells and upregulate
proteins involved in antioxidant cellular pathways, including Nrf2, heat shock protein (Hsp70),
superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase and catalase, and downregulation of the
prooxidase NADPH.
4. Ergothioneine can absorb ultraviolet light and has a cytoprotective effect, which can reduce
damage and cell death induced by ultraviolet rays. In keratinocytes exposed to UV radiation, it
was shown that caspase-9 activity was significantly reduced while increasing cell survival.
5. Ergothioneine inhibits H2O2-induced apoptosis by inhibiting p38-MAP, repairs damaged cells,
and reduces inflammatory response.
Since ergothioneine cannot be synthesized by the human body, it must be supplemented
externally, but the advantage is that it will not be rapidly metabolized, but exists in human tissues
and body fluids in the form of thione,it is thus less prone to auto-oxidation and can accumulate
to high levels in certain tissues and body fluids.
Transport
The ergothioneine transporter SLC22A4 (formerly known as OCTN-1) exists on the cell membrane
and mitochondrial membrane of skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts to enter cells and
mitochondria to play a role in scavenging free radicals and protecting mitochondria.
Factory Supply L-Ergothioneine(EGT) Powder 9%from Golden Mushroom Extract in many foods.
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