1. Console game industry case study: Bungie
Structure
The games company Bungie has a range of different job roles within there
company. Publishers are the people who own the games title, president or CEO
are the founders of the game company; senior management team will be the
people who assist the project director/ manager, project managers make
decisions on the scope of the game the admin side of the team take care of things
like financial and legal implications the development support team will support
the rest of the teams job roles. Programmers will add all the physics into the
game; artist will be in charge for designing everything within the game as well as
designers.
President/CEO (Harold Ryan)
Project director (Jason Jones)
Publishers
(Microsoft studios (2000-2007)
(Independent 1991-)
Admin support teams members:
Chief financial officer-
(Brent Abrahamson)
Chief Operating officer-
(Pete Parsons)
Artists (John Howard,
Marcus Lehto, Christopher
Barret)
Composers-audio
(Michael Salvatori)
Technical manager
David Dauge
Designers
(Josh Hamrick)-user
interface design
Artists
(Sam Jones)
2. Platform Technology
Bungie now make games for mainstream consoles like Xbox One and PS4, and
their previous gens. Before that they mad games for pc, there most known pc
game is halo combat evolve first starting on this platform then going to console.
The reason why the group started to produce games for PC is the mac market
was at its peek, another reason is because the project manager was raised on this
platform.
When they partnered with Microsoft in 2000 the reason why they then moved
from making pc games to console, was for the chance to work with such a big
company like Microsoft they wanted to work with them as this was a console
that had stability as a development platform.
After the halo combat evolved and halo 2 being released on a 1st generation
console, the impact that 7th and 8th generation consoles, the impact that this has
had on the company and what chances it has created for them.
Consoles now have more advanced hardware most 8th generation consoles have
up to 8-bit Ram, faster processors and better graphics. This allows developers to
enhance more things and add more into a games world.
Game Types
Bungie mainly produce shooter games varying from genres such as, first person,
third person and "shoot em ups". Most of their shooter games are known for
their good cinema tics from these titles, Destiny, the Halo series and Oni.
Games on multi-platforms
Bungie produce games for cross platforms such as, PC, Mac OS, Mac OS X, iOS
and Xbox. Although at one point, for three years they were producing Halo's
exclusively for the Xbox 360. Now they produce for mainstream consoles Xbox
and Sony.
The impact that this can have is if it the game is on multi platforms it means a lot
more version of the same game needs to be created, having a game on multi-
platform means that more sales can be made if a game is on numerous platforms.
Having a game exclusively for one console means that more sales on consoles
can be made, another benefit on exclusives Is that production can be smaller
scale.
Regulatory Bodies
The impact that PEGI has on games is that if a child were to play a game that is
not intended for them there could be long term effects on that child, and could
cause the child to be aggressive or violent. The impact that BBFC and PEGI have
on games, the majority of games that are on a shelf in stores with games are: 3,
7,12,15 these games will sell but not as good as the 18 games as these are the
games that are in general more enjoyable. Things like this will cause problems of
children who are younger then the intended age playing these games, scientific
research shows that things like this could cause copycat violence.
PEGI only certificate games not regulate them, in this country PEGI and BBFC
give people the choice if they want to buy the game or not. Games that have been
banned in England are Carmageddon, Manhunt 2, and The Punisher.
Carmaageddon was banned because in its cut scenes the game was altered to
replace zombies with Humans in the cut scenes. Manhunt 2 The uncut version is
3. the only game to have had refused classification by BBFC therefor banned due to
excessive violence, there was also a case of someone called Stefan Pakeerah died
from his older friend stabbing him to death after playing this game. The punisher
was banned because of its interrogation scenes were deemed very high in impact
and could cause harm to the public. Games are aloud to get banned because of
the 1984 video recordings act.
Development Software
Development software like Borland c++ would be used to make the coding for
Bungee’s recent games Halo and Destiny, the importance that this software has
in making a game is that it is the technical side to the game without this the game
wouldn’t be playable.
Another type of software that would have been used is 3DS MAX to make the
animation in the game with some help from motion capture for a game like
Destiny and Halo. This creates animation in the game creating all the movement
for characters etc.
The last type of software that would have been used to create a game is photo-
manipulating software to make the textures in the game and design concept art
combined with a drawing tablet. This part is important in the development stage
as it adds to what the game will look like.
Middleware
Middleware is the software that lies between the operating system. Middleware
software used in Halo 5 would have been near enough the same for Bungie’s
Destiny.
Wwise features an audio authoring tool and a cross-platform sound engine.
Astound Sound make 3D spatial audio, Havok provides a physics engine and
related functions to video games this would be used for games that are complex
and need coding. FaceFX creates realistic lip-synchronization and 3D character
animation from audio files. Bink Video used full motion video sequences in video
games; Granny is an animation system for the game, this would be used in games
that have a lot of cinematic scenes with photo-realistic scenes.