Workshop given to surgery and IM residents in General Santos City, Dec 3-4, 2022

1. Lance Catedral, MD, FPCP, MCMMO
General Santos City
3 December 2022
WRITING A RESEARCH PROPOSAL:
AN INTERACTIVE WORKSHOP FOR
RESIDENTS

2. Lance Catedral, MD, FPCP, MCMMO
General Santos City
3 December 2022
WRITING A RESEARCH PROPOSAL:
AN INTERACTIVE WORKSHOP FOR
RESIDENTS WHO WANT TO
FINISH ON TIME

3. Dr. Asma Jabeen. https://twitter.com/DrasmaJabeen1/status/1597332475524444160. Accessed Dec 3 2022
Add a little bit of body text

4. At the end of the workshop, the
participants are expected to:
explain fundamentals of writing a
research proposal
write a draft of their research
proposal
present their draft research proposal
critique the research proposal of
other participants
Internal Medicine residents of SEHI and
GSDH
Surgery residents of GSDH
Objectives
Participants

5. ENROLL IN GOOGLE
CLASSROOM NOW!

6. Lecture:
How to Write a Research Protocol:
A Bird's Eye View
(30 mins)
Workshop 1:
Mini-lecture on Introduction,
Aims and Objectives, Review of
Literature
Expected output:
Draft Introduction, Aims and
Objectives, and Summary of
Literature
(1 h)
Workshop 2:
Mini-lecture on Research Design
and Method, Ethical
Considerations, and Budget
Expected output:
Draft Methodology, Ethical
Consideration, and Budget
(1 h)
WORKSHOP
OVERVIEW - DEC 3
Health break

7. St. Elizabeth IM
Second Years
(30 mins)
Third Years
(30 mins)
GSDH IM
Second Years
(30 mins)
Wrapping up: summarizing the
learnings from the workshop
WORKSHOP
OVERVIEW - DEC 4
GSDH Surgery
Second Years
(30 mins)

8. WHY DO
RESEARCH?
Generate knowledge Impact society Fulfill a requirement**

9. A research project generally comprises four key components:
(1) writing a protocol
(2) performing experiments
(3) tabulating and analyzing data, and
(4) writing a thesis or manuscript for publication.
RESEARCH PROJECT
TIMELINE

10. THE PROPOSAL IS A
DETAILED PLAN OR
‘BLUEPRINT’ FOR THE
INTENDED STUDY,
AND ONCE IT IS
COMPLETED, THE
RESEARCH PROJECT
SHOULD FLOW
SMOOTHLY.
Indian J Anaesth. 2016 Sep; 60(9): 631–634.

11. A clean, well-thought-out proposal forms
the backbone for the research itself and
hence becomes the most important step in
the process of conduct of research.-
McGranaghan M. Guidelines on Writing a Research Proposal. [Last accessed on 2016 Jun 25].
Available from: https://www.2.hawaii.edu/~matt/proposal.html

12. SHOW
how your work fits into
what is already known
about the topic and what
new paradigm will it add
to the literature
CONVINCE
the evaluation committee
about the credibility,
achievability, practicality
and reproducibility
(repeatability) of the
research design
SPECIFY
the question that the
research will answer,
establishing its
significance, and the
implications of the answer
BASIC
REQUIREMENTS
Indian J Anaesth. 2016 Sep; 60(9): 631–634.

13. academic colleagues
policy-makers
practitioners and
lay audiences
FOUR
CATEGORIES
OF AUDIENCE
Indian J Anaesth. 2016 Sep; 60(9): 631–634.

14. be practical, be persuasive, make broader links, aim for
crystal clarity and plan before you write
GENERAL
TIPS
be balanced, with a realistic understanding of what can be
achieved
convince other researchers, research funding
agencies, educational institutions and supervisors
that the research is worth getting approval
be persuasive
Indian J Anaesth. 2016 Sep; 60(9): 631–634.

15. THE CHALLENGE
The proposal must not only demonstrate that it is based on an intelligent understanding of the
existing literature but also show that the writer has thought about the time needed to conduct each
stage of the research.
Indian J Anaesth. 2016 Sep; 60(9): 631–634.

16. THE
CONTENTS OF
A RESEARCH
PROPOSAL
Introduction
Aims and objectives
Review of literature
Research design and method
Population and sample
Data collection
Rigor (soundness of the research)
Neutrality
Consistency
Applicability
Data analysis
Ethical considerations
Budget
Appendices
Citations
Indian J Anaesth. 2016 Sep; 60(9): 631–634.

17. Balakumar P, Inamdar MN, Jagadeesh G. The critical steps for successful research: The research proposal and
scientific writing: (A report on the pre-conference workshop held in conjunction with the 64(th) annual
conference of the Indian Pharmaceutical Congress-2012). J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2013 Apr;4(2):130-8. doi:
10.4103/0976-500X.110895. PMID: 23761709; PMCID: PMC3669572.

18. title of the proposal
(name and affiliation of the researcher (principal
investigator) and co-investigators
institutional affiliation (degree of the investigator and the
name of institution where the study will be performed),
details of contact such as phone numbers, E-mail id's and
lines for signatures of investigators.
COVER PAGE

19. initial pitch of an idea
sets the scene and puts the research in
context
creates interest
Addresses the questions:
(i) Who has an interest in the domain of
inquiry?
(ii) What do we already know about the
topic?
(iii) What has not been answered
adequately in previous research and
practice?
(iv) How will this research add to
knowledge, practice and policy in this
area?
contains the hypothesis behind the research
design
INTRODUCTION

20. broad indication of what the researcher
wishes to achieve in the research
hypothesis to be tested can be the aim of
the study
primary and secondary objectives
AIMS AND
OBJECTIVES

21. all sources of scientific evidence pertaining to
the topic in interest
the argument related to your study in relation
to that of other researchers, while still
demonstrating to your readers that your work
is original and innovative.
REVIEW OF
LITERATURE
Indian J Anaesth. 2016 Sep; 60(9): 631–634.

22. Labaree RV. Organizing Your Social Sciences Research Paper: Writing a Research Proposal. [Last accessed on 2016 Jun 25]. Available from: http://www.libguides.usc.edu/writingguide

23. convince the reader that the overall research
design and methods of analysis will correctly
address the research problem
impress upon the reader that the
methodology/sources chosen are appropriate
for the specific topic
should be unmistakably tied to the specific
aims of your study.
RESEARCH
DESIGN AND
METHOD
Indian J Anaesth. 2016 Sep; 60(9): 631–634.

24. RESEARCH DESIGN
the methodological approaches to be undertaken to gather information, about the techniques to
be used to analyse it and about the tests of external validity to which researcher is committed

25. Population and
sample
RESEARCH
DESIGN AND
METHOD
1.
Population — all the elements (individuals,
objects or substances) that meet certain
criteria for inclusion in a given universe
Sample — subset of population which meets
the inclusion criteria for enrolment into the
study.
Inclusion and exclusion criteria should be
clearly defined
Sample size

26. RESEARCH
DESIGN AND
METHOD
2. Data collection
detailed account of the methodology adopted for
collection of data, which include the time frame
required for the research.
methodology should be tested for its validity and
ensure that, in pursuit of achieving the results,
the participant's life is not jeopardised
anticipate and acknowledge any potential barrier
and pitfall in carrying out the research design and
explain plans to address them, thereby avoiding
lacunae due to incomplete data collection
through interviews or questionnaires, copy of the
questions used for the same should be attached as
an annexure with the proposal.

27. RESEARCH
DESIGN AND
METHOD
3. Rigor
Soundness of research
neutrality, consistency and applicability. Rigor
must be reflected throughout the proposal.
Neutrality
It refers to the robustness of a research method
against bias. The author should convey the
measures taken to avoid bias, viz. blinding and
randomisation, in an elaborate way, thus ensuring
that the result obtained from the adopted method
is purely as chance and not influenced by other
confounding variables.
Consistency
Consistency considers whether the findings will
be consistent if the inquiry was replicated with
the same participants and in a similar context.
This can be achieved by adopting standard and
universally accepted methods and scales.

28. reduction and reconstruction of data and its
analysis including sample size calculation.
steps adopted for coding and sorting the data
obtained.
tests to be used to analyze the data for its
robustness, significance should be clearly
stated.
the names of statistician
suitable software which will be used in due
course of data analysis and their contribution
to data analysis and sample calculation
RESEARCH
DESIGN AND
METHOD
3. Data analysis

29. ETHICAL
CONSIDERATIONS
protection of the participants' rights (right to
self-determination, right to privacy, right to
autonomy and confidentiality, right to fair
treatment and right to protection from
discomfort and harm), obtaining informed
consent and the institutional review process
(ethical approval).
the researcher needs to provide adequate
information on each of these aspects.
informed consent needs to be obtained from
the participants

30. BUDGET predict and cost all aspects of the research and
then add an additional allowance for
unpredictable disasters, delays and rising
costs. All items in the budget should be
justified.

31. APPENDICES documents that support the proposal and
application.
include:
informed consent form
supporting documents
questionnaires
measurement tools
patient information of the study

32. CITATIONS all references cited in the research proposal.

33. Lecture:
How to Write a Research Protocol:
A Bird's Eye View
(30 mins)
Workshop 1:
Mini-lecture on Introduction,
Aims and Objectives, Review of
Literature
Expected output:
Draft Introduction, Aims and
Objectives, and Summary of
Literature
(1 h)
Workshop 2:
Mini-lecture on Research Design
and Method, Ethical
Considerations, and Budget
Expected output:
Draft Methodology, Ethical
Consideration, and Budget
(1 h)
WORKSHOP
OVERVIEW - DEC 3
Health break

34. St. Elizabeth IM
Second Years
(30 mins)
Third Years
(30 mins)
GSDH IM
Second Years
(30 mins)
Wrapping up: summarizing the
learnings from the workshop
WORKSHOP
OVERVIEW - DEC 4
GSDH Surgery
Second Years
(30 mins)