BY - LAKSHMI KIRAN C.M

1. PES COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
LAKSHMI KIRAN CM
4PS21CS043
FRANCIS TURBINE

2. The Francis turbine is a type of water turbine that
was developed by James B. Francis in Lowell,
Massachusetts.
It is an inward-flow reaction turbine
that combines radial and axial flow concepts.
Francis turbines are the most common water
turbine in use today.
Introduction

3. Pelton Wheel
Turgo
Water Wheel
Jonval Turbine
Archimedes
1] Impulse Turbine
Francis
Kaplan
Tyson
Gorlov
2] Reaction Turbines
Classification of Water Turbines

4. They operate in a water head from 10 to 650 meters and are primarily used for
electrical power production.
The turbine powered generator power output generally ranges from 10 to 750
megawatts, though mini-hydro installations may be lower.
Penstock (input pipes) diameters are between 1 and 10 meters.
The speed range of the turbine is from 83 to 1000 rpm.
Wicket gates around the outside of the turbine’s rotating runner adjust the water
flow rate through the turbine for different water flow rates and power production
rates
Construction

5. Working

6. The water supplied to the reaction turbine posses both pressure as well as kinetic energy
A part of the pressure energy is converted to kinetic enery. This water is deflected to the
moving blades which is keyed to the turbine shaft.
The rest of the pressure is now converted to kinetic energy. The resultant of impulse
force of the incoming water and the reaction of the outgoing water will set the rotation of
the shaft.
Water enters all rounds the periphery of runner and the runner remains full of water all
the time and water acting on the wheel is under pressure which is greater than
atmospheric pressure.
Water after doing work is discharged into the tail-race through a draft tube which
remains submerged deep in the tail-race.

7. First Implementation
Pawtucket Gatehouse

8. Advantages
It is the most widely
used Turbine in the
world.
Effective use of water
pressure as well as
velocity.
Very good efficiency.
Disadvantages
Cost is high.
Due to its complex
design maintenance and
repair is difficult and
costly.
Applicable to flow of
medium only.