Yes, there is an ethical violation in this situation: 1. The title of the article "Famous actress abused by husband" is misleading and does not accurately reflect what the actress stated in the interview. She only mentioned they had constant arguments, not that she was abused. This violates the principle of honesty. 2. By implying she was abused without evidence, it risks damaging the reputation of the husband. This violates the principle of avoiding harm. 3. The journalist Juan has a responsibility to report facts accurately instead of sensationalizing for clicks/views. This violates the principle of truthfulness. In summary, the misleading title without basis violates communication ethics principles of honesty, avoiding harm, and truthful reporting of facts

1. Ifugao State University
College of Arts and Sciences
August 2022- December 2022
PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
Grazel Sian T. Bucahan
Instructor

2. I. Course Code: GEC 212
II. Course Title : Purposive Communication
III. Credit Units : 3.0
IV. Course Description:
The course, Purposive Communication is about writing, speaking, and
presenting to different audiences and for various purposes (CMO 20 s
2013). This three-unit course develops students’ communicative
competence and enhances their cultural and intercultural awareness
through multimodal tasks that provide them opportunities for
communicating effectively and appropriately to a multicultural
audience in a local or global context. It equips students with tools for
critical evaluation of a variety of texts and focuses on the power of
language and the impact of images to emphasize the importance of
conveying messages responsibly. The knowledge, skills, and insights
that students gain from this course may be used in their other
academic endeavors, their chosen disciplines, and their future
careers, as they compose and produce relevant oral, written,
audio-visual and/or web-based output for various purposes.

3. Performance %
Class Standing (Classroom performance) 70%
Attendance and Attitude 5%
Individual Tasks 30%
Group Tasks 30%
Class Participation 5%
Examinations 30%
TOTAL: 100%
GRADING SYSTEM

4. •
GRADING SYSTEM

9. Class Policy (Netiquette, data privacy, etc.)
1.Submit activities and tests on time. Late submission shall receive point deductions.
2.Do not submit plagiarized works. Submission of such means automatic zero (0) grade.
3.In case of online classes, follow ethical guidelines and standards (online etiquette /
netiquette).
4.Group chat has been created for academic purposes only. Respect to one another
should be observed.
5.Uphold confidentiality in GC and in online class.
6.Learning materials (soft copy, printed, audio and video) that are given to you should
not be uploaded or distributed. Those are for IFSU use only.
7.Independent learning is encouraged. In case you have something to clarify, consult
your Instructor.
8.Give thoughtful feedback. Channel concerns and comments to the instructor through a
proper way.
9.Consultation hours is everyday 8:00am-9:00am and 4:00pm -5:00pm

10. Statement of Disclosure
Course Expectations
Make sure that you understand your teacher’s expectations from you in the
course. Read the course syllabus and attend university, college, department and class
orientations. Take note of policies regarding due dates of activities, quizzes, and
assignments, and printing materials if desired. If you have any questions about what you
are expected to do in the course, contact your instructor immediately by email, chat, or by
using the other contact information given on the course information pages. Do not
contact your instructor for technical support that is unrelated to course content.
Some common activities that you may be expected to do in your course are as follows:
1.reading and taking notes on course material,
2.participating in online discussions,
3.taking online/offline quizzes,
4.submitting online/offline assignments
5.communicating with your teacher/professor and/or classmates by email, google classroom or
messenger.

11. • When taking an online course, you should expect
1. to have access to your course one week prior to the beginning of the
semester (online classes only),
2. to receive timely responses to your email from your teacher/professor,
3. to be aware of your standing in the course by the notification deadlines,
•
• Proctored Exams
• Exams will be administered online via the official learning platform
used in the course. Offline administration of exams can be done when
student cannot access the online course but with proper supervision and
proctoring.

12. Online Code of Conduct
Students have the right to express themselves and participate freely in an online class.
However, they are expected to treat each other and the instructor with courtesy and respect.
Offensive or inappropriate language is not to be used in any form of communication e.g., emails,
discussion postings, group projects, submitted assignments. Students are allowed to disagree with
each other or the instructor but must do so in a civil manner.
The discussion area (Messenger chat, google classroom commenting) of the course is
reserved for postings related to course work only. Postings of a personal or non-academic nature are
not permitted and may be removed by the instructor should they appear. Grades and personal issues
should be handled by private email or chat to the instructor.
Emails or chats to the instructor that are considered offensive or inappropriate will be sent
back to the writer with a request to rewrite and resubmit. If the emails continue to be unacceptable,
the student will be referred to the Academic Office. If students receive inappropriate emails from
others in the class they should notify the instructor and appropriate action will be taken.
Students are expected to submit work which is their own. Plagiarism or cheating will not be
tolerated. If either is the case the student may have his/her grade for the assignment/quiz lowered or
may fail the course.

13. • Academic Honesty and Student Policies
1. All applicable college policies regarding student affairs should be adhered to at all times.
Attendance
In the online conduct of class (Google meet/Zoom meeting), students are given the
responsibility to attend especially at times when they cannot access/download the video lectures
posted on the learning platform. Students are be expected to log in regularly to the learning
platform used in the course in order to keep up with the course materials. Remember that
logging in to the course does not mean just logging into the learning platform; but students need
to browse for updates and do tasks as posted. Students should then check the course materials
for new items.
Technical Support
Contact your instructor if you have questions and concerns regarding the access of
your course materials for some technical support/guidance.
Phone: +639454218920
E-mail: sianbucahan@gmail.com

14. What is
communication?

15. Introduction
"The art of communication is the language of
leadership." (James Humes)
It is a mistake to believe that
communication is a simple process.
Although people communicate with one
another every day, the real question is
whether the ideas one has expressed
are truly understood by another.

16. Why do we need to master how to
communicate?

17. 1.Effective communication can breach peace, spark
revolutions, and affect change in government.
2. To organize one's thoughts, control one's emotions,
use one's words to articulate concepts and arguments,
and express oneself in the best way possible.
3. Honing one's communication skills can also bring
about success to one's personal and professional life.
4. To work smoothly as a team, communication is
indispensable.

18. Communication Models

19. One way of thinking about communication
processes is by looking at the different
communication models available. According to
Denis Mcquail and Sven Windahl (2013), in
their book Communication Models for the
Study of Mass Communications, "a model
seeks to show the main elements of any
structure or process and the relationship
between these elements... it helps in
explaining by providing in a simplified way
information which would otherwise be
complicated or ambiguous."

20. The earliest model comes from
Aristotle at around 5 B.C. In the
model, Aristotle explains that
speakers should adjust their
messages according to their
audience and the occasion to
achieve a particular effect. Let
us apply this to a modern
example.

21. After the Japanese attacked Pearl
Harbor on December 7, 1941, then
US President Franklin Roosevelt
delivered a stirring speech to
declare war on Japan on
December 8 (National Geographic,
2017).

22. Based on the information, complete the detail:
SPEAKER:
SPEECH:
OCCASION:
AUDIENCE:
EFFECT:

23. The speaker, in this case, was US President
Franklin Roosevelt and his speech was
crafted especially for the occasion, filled
with strong words that were crisp and
straight to the point. The occasion was the
US President's response to the attack on
Pearl Harbor; the main audience was the US
Congress; and the effect was to persuade
members of Congress to declare war on
Japan, which they did, with only one
dissenting vote.

24. Model of Communication
1.Aristotle’s Model of Communication
2.Shannon-Weaver’s Model of Communication
3.Osgood-Schramm Model of Communication
4.White’s Stages of Oral Communication

25. Aristotle’s Model of Communication

26. The Aristotle Model of Communication
diagram can roughly be divided into five
elements. The speaker is the most important
element, making this model a
speaker-oriented model.
It is the speaker’s task to give a speech to the
public. The role of the audience is passive.
This makes the Aristotle Model of
Communication a one-way model, from
speaker to receiver.

27. According to the Aristotle Model of
Communication, the speaker is the main
figure in communication. This person is fully
responsible for all communication. In this
model of communication, it is important that
the speaker selects his words carefully. He
must analyze his audience and prepare his
speech accordingly.

28. Shannon-Weaver’s Model of
Communication

29. The elements of the communication model:
1. Information source- produces a message
2. Transmitter- encodes messages into signals
3. Channel- signals are adapted for transmission
4. Receiver- decodes the message from the
signal
5. Destination- where the message arrives
6. Noise- any interference with the message
along the channel

30. Practical Example of Shannon-Weaver model of
communication :
Thomson made call to his assistant “come here I want to see
you”. During his call, noise appeared (transmission error)
and his assistant received “I want” only. Again Assistant
asked Thomson (feedback) “what do you want Thomson”.
Sender : Thomson
Encoder : Telephone (Thomson)
Channel : Cable
Noise : Distraction in voice
Reception : Telephone (Assistant)
Receiver : Assistant.

31. Osgood-Schramm Model of
Communication

32. The Osgood-Schramm model of
communication is explained as a model
where communication between the
sender and receiver occurs in a circular
rather than a linear way.
Being a circular communication model
implies that both the sender and
receiver continually share information
and ideas.

33. Schramm's model has several components, as discussed
below:
•Sender: This is the person who encodes (converts) and sends the
message.
•Message: This is the content being shared between the parties.
•Receiver: This is the person who decodes (interprets) the message.
•Feedback: This refers to the message that a receiver sends
back to the source.
•Semantic barriers: The backgrounds, beliefs, experiences, and values
that influence how the sender conveys a message and how the receiver
interprets it.

34. Example:
Barry just sat in traffic for two hours on his
way home from work. When he finally
returned home, his wife, Tracy, was
extremely happy to see him and greeted
him with an exuberant, "Hi, hubby!", to
which Barry, still agitated from having sat in
traffic, replied, "Oh, shut up."

35. White’s Stages of Oral
Communication

36. Eugene White’s model recognizes feedback as a
part of the communication process. He described
the process as sequential and cyclical, following
the eight stages of oral communication. These
stages are thinking, symbolizing, expressing,
transmitting, receiving, decoding, feedbacking,
and monitoring. Although White’s model
recognizes the interaction of the sender and the
receiver of the message, it fails to consider the
active role of the receiver of the message in the
process.

37. Let's take a look at the seven stages of the process in more detail:
1. Source
The "source" is the sender of the message – in other words, you! And the
"message" refers to the information and ideas that you want to deliver.
2. Encoding
This stage involves putting your message into a format that you can send, and
that the receiver will be able to easily understand or "decode."
3. Channel
There are countless different channels that you can use to send your message.
Verbal communications channels include face-to-face meetings, telephone and
videoconferencing. While written communications include letters, reports,
emails, instant messaging (IM), and social media posts. You might also want to
include videos, photos, illustrations, or charts and graphs in your message to
emphasize your main point.

38. 4. Decoding
Successfully decoding a message is as much a skill as
encoding it is. To accurately decode a message, you
need to take the time to read through it carefully.
5. Receiver
No doubt, you'll want your audience members to react
in a certain way or take a specific action in response to
your message. Remember, though, that each person is
different, and will interpret it subjectively.

39. The ability to communicate clearly and effectively has
become an increasingly sought-after skill in the workplace.
Despite this, it's one that many people struggle with.
You can become a more capable communicator by gaining a
better understanding of the Communications Process – that
is the process we go through each time that we
communicate with someone. It includes seven stages:
1.Source.
2.Encoding.
3.Channel.
4.Decoding.
5.Receiver.
6.Feedback.
7.Context.

40. Activity 1:
1.Choose one Model of Communication
and think of an example to explain the
model.
2.Cite two common barriers in
communication and give ways on how
to fix those barriers.

41. What is ETHICS?
What is the
importance of ethics
in communication?

42. What is Communication Ethics?
Definition: Communication ethics is defined
as the moral principles that govern ‘right and
wrong aspects, or moral and immoral
dimensions’ of communications for an
individual, different professional entities,
corporations, or businesses.

43. What is Communication Ethics?
Communication ethics requires being conscious of
the results of one’s actions and behaviors and
respecting and tolerating differences of opinions or
viewpoints. An ethical type of communication is
important because it emphasizes people’s
responsibility to maintain society’s peace. With the
rise of fake news in today’s culture, the
significance of communication ethics has never
been more critical

44. Fundamentals of Communication Ethics
1. Transparency and openness
The most fundamental principle of
communication ethics is truthfulness and
honesty.
2. Development of relationships
People can express themselves through
communication to build relationships.

45. 3. Considering difficulties
Consider any relevant aspect that may affect
how the recipient interprets or receives the
information while using communication
ethics. According to ethical communication
standards, the speaker should use whatever
options are needed to minimize the barriers
to communication and guarantee that the
information is comprehended and
understood well by the listeners.

46. Different barriers to communication
ethics:
1. Language
Speakers must use language that
listeners comprehend to communicate
ethically.
It would also be inappropriate to deliver
the material with a segment in English and
only sections of the data in the
non-English speaking audience’s chosen
language.

47. 2. Technology
It is taken for granted that
advanced technology is
available. Not everyone has
access to technology
platforms or applications.

48. 3. Jargon
Every filed has its dialect. It
is ethical to use plain,
easy-to-understand
language while speaking.
Avoid using excessive
jargon, as this will make
parts of the conversation
unclear to some of the

49. Principles of Communication Ethics
1. Active listening
To be effective, communication ethics
requires the listener to actively listen to the
speaker, rather than only hearing what they
want to hear or only hearing portions of the
discussion. This also includes, just for
explanation, asking questions when a topic
is not entirely comprehended.

50. 2. Being nonjudgmental
Communicating ethically and briefly
means interacting with each recipient
nonjudgmentally, avoiding unwanted
conflict. Judgment obstructs
communication and leads to
misunderstandings. The unnecessary
argument is never good for business.

51. 3. Honesty
Being honest is communicating to a listener
what is based on fact, with no intention of
misleading or only presenting parts of the
point. It also includes remaining objective
without modifying the statement to what the
speaker wants the audience to believe.
The goal of communication ethics is to allow
the listener to think whatever they want based
on the provided material.

52. 4. Avoid negativity
When talking ethically, it is assumed
that the speaker will avoid being impolite
and will use delicacy. The ethical
communicator understands that it’s not
just about what you say but also about
how you say it. One of the most critical
aspects of communication is tone.

53. Answer the following questions?
1.In today’s society, why is it important to be
ethical in your communication?
2. When you think of world leaders or your
country’s leader, would you say that they
have been communicating ethically?

54. Identify ethical issues: Read and analyze the following situation
and answer the questions below.
Juan is a journalist working in competitive broadcasting company.
In one of his interviews with a famous actress about her divorce
with her husband. The actress stated that the reason for the
divorce was due to their constant arguments. Juan wrote an article
about this and the title of the article was, “Famous actress abused
by husband.”
Is there a violation on the ethics of communication? Explain.

55. References:
https://oxfordre.com/communication/view/10.1093/acrefore/978
0190228613.001.0001/acrefore-9780190228613-e-58