The document provides information about World Water Day, which is celebrated annually on March 22nd to raise awareness about the importance of fresh water. It discusses the current issues around global water scarcity, highlighting that over 1 billion people lack access to clean drinking water. 21 ways to conserve water at home are suggested, such as taking shorter showers, fixing leaks, and using water-wise plants in landscaping. The document also examines past water conflicts and predicts increased tensions over water resources in the future if issues of scarcity, pollution, and sustainability are not adequately addressed.

3.  GIST OF PRESENTATION-
1) History Wwd
2) Objective Of Wwd
3) Sisters Of Wwd
4) Various Way To Observe The
Wwd
5) Present Scenario , country
Facing Water Problem &
Zero Day
6) 21 Way To Conserve Water At
Home
7) 9 Viable Water
8) Suggestion
9) Past War & Future Prediction
10) Current Region Of Concern
& Susceptive Concern
11) Parameter

4. The united nation general assembly adopted resolution
no A/RES/47/193 of December 1992 by which 22 march
of every year was declared as “ ”.
“United Nation Conference on Environment &
Development” in Rio-de-Janerio starting year was :1993
<26 year back>

5.  Rio-de-Generio or simply called as “Rio” is the 2nd most populous in
“BRAZIL” and 6th most populous in America .
 The city of Rio de Janeiro was founded by the Portuguese on 1st
March 1565.

6.  WWD is celebrated to –
a) Focus on the importance of water and need to preserve it.
b) Create awareness of water’s importance in environment,
agriculture , health and trade.
 Focusing attention on the importance of fresh water.
 Advocating sustainable management of fresh water resources.

7. a).
1. Environment protection.
2. Maintain sustainable life styles.
3. Conserve the limited resources.
b). World forest day
c). World health day

8.  These can be:-
a) Educational
b) Theatrical
c) Musical
d) Lobby in nature

9.  Present scenario :–
a) About 2.8 billion people around the world remain under heavy stress for
fresh
water every year .
b) More than 1.2 billion people lack access to clean drinking water.

10. o 60 Percent of the World's Population Still Don't Have the Best Innovation in Human
Health. A new study in Environmental Science & Technology estimates six out of 10
people on planet Earth don't have access to flush toilets or adequate water-related
sanitation.

11.  No, our planet as a whole may not run out of drinking water but be sure clean fresh
water shall not be available where and when human needs it. Do you know 50
Percent of fresh water can be found in only six countries. More then a billion people
live with out enough safe , clean water.
 70 % of planet covers with water.
 2.5 % is fresh water.
 1.0 % is only easily accessible .
 Other part is trapped in glaciers and snow fields.

12.  when day zero is declared , all tapes of town will be stut-off .
 Water will be provided on ration card.

13. :- Cap-Town face
water scarcity.
 Day zero from April 2018 onwards.

14. Water scarcity cities & world:-

15. 21 ways to conserve water at home:-
Whether we are ready to cut back on our shower or replace
our lawn with water wise plant , there are a lot of ways to
conserve water around home .we may not do every thing on
this list , just pick a few items and start with. we can do more
as we can.
1) Shower bucket :- instead of using rain shower use bucket &
may for taking bath. last water in bucket where we put
cloths to final clean can be used for toilet flush.
2) Turn off tap while brushing teeth.
3) Turn off tap while washing hands with shop.
4) Turn off tap while sheaving.
5) If it is yellow , let it mellow .This tip might not be for
every one ,but the toilet is one of the most water intensive
fixtures in the house .Do you need to flush every time?

16. 6) Fix your leaks .(pipe, faucets etc)
7) Reuse the past water after cooling we can use in watering
plants.
8) Head to a car wash ( reuse water can be used not with
domestic house.
9) Cut your shower short.
10) Choose efficient fixtures & fixtures with sensor
arrangement.
11) Shrink your lawn.
12) Don’t run the dishwasher or washing machine until it is
full.
13) Install a rain barrel to collect rain water.
14) Flush with less; reduce the flush tank.
15) Water out door plants early in the morning.

17. 16) Hand washing a lot of dishes
17) Use less electricity & use solar energy.
18) Wash fide outdoors: dog bathing.
19) Skip the shower from time to time :-bathing 2/3 times
daily may be reduced to once.
20) Re-use the gray water (for plants etc)
21) Use of drip irrigation or controlled irrigation.

18. Nine viable water scarcity solution for the 21th
century-
:-dam, storage, transport,
Treatment, Intake etc.

19.  Landscape management technique
by water conservation, restoration, flood
control etc.

20. Recharge technology must touch the good ground water to
recharge.
It should cross the saline zone (artificial ground water recharge).
recovery

21. water should used by recycling.

22. From domestic level to public/industry level
Olive grove in Spain, showing
saucer basins
to contain precipitation
Check dams made out
of brush wood
A shelterbelt to reduce wind velocity
and evapo-transpiration

23.  Either recharging the ground water or collect & keep it for summer
use.

24.  Credit entails the provision of loans to house holds and small
enterprises. It is an effort to increase access to a safe and
improved water source as well as sanitation.
 Installation of bore well , fixing of R.O at domestic level etc.

25.  Reverse osmosis ,use semi permeable
 Electro dialysis reverses (EDR) is solid
economical in low total water.
 Desalinization
 Nano-filtration
 Solar &
U.V filtration

26.  Organization fund water projects using donation.
 NGOs like –Charity Water, Life Water
International, World Water Council ,
Water Lex.

28. Suggestion :-
Effective policy and better management should
include.
•Water quality education
•Holistic sanitary community improvement
•Improvement of water regulation enforcement
•Water quality protection at wellheads and distribution points
•Strengthening of natural protected areas
•Upgraded emergency response to potential water crises
•Creation of hydrological and water quality data storage systems that are
transferrable and compatible

29. Past wars and future predictions
 By 2040, the global demand for fresh water resources will exceed
availability according to the national intelligence council’s report on
“ Global Water Security” (2012).

30.  430 B.C-
The Spartans are accused of causing a plague
outbreak in Athens by poisoning their cisterns
during the Peloponnesian war.
 537 A.D-
As barbarian tribes invade the Roman Empire, the Goths cut of most
aqueduct access to Rome and successfully besiege the city.

31.  In retribution for the capture of several Cuban boats, the Cuban government
cut off the water supply to the US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay.

32. 1997-
 about 130,000 soldiers hade been deployed to guard the toktogul reservoir of
Uzbekistan situated in the boarder.

33.  Macedonians fight with Albanians in village of Raduse over control of the
reservoir that supplies water to the nation’s capital.
2001-

34.  The dispute over the contested Kaveri River in India, between Karnataka and
Tamil Nadu.
2002-

35.  250 people were killed during an extensive period of violence over water wells
and land ownership.
2004 to2006-
2014- Dead Over 1000 Killed in Nigeria over
Water Resources
 Over 1000 people in Nigeria were killed in disputes between farmers and
herders regarding water shortages in 2014 alone.

36.  In New Delhi result in 18 deaths and 200 injuries over the reopening of the
Munak canal, a source that supplies New Delhi with 60% of its clean water
supply.
2016-
2018- Water Protests in Iran
Continuing protests about water shortages in Iran are escalating and gaining
media attention.

37. Current region of concern
1) Arabian aquifer system
Saudi-Arabia & Yemen in a critical sate their aquifer is under
heavy stress due to no substantial replacement.
2) Indus basin
it is considered as the world’s 2nd most stressed underground
water reserve. It is shared by north western India & Pakistan. This
basin was in a state of hydrological equilibrium before
development of major canal systems. Replacement is less. In
coming 20 years it will be under critical condition .

38. 3) Ataturk Dam
It the flow of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in Turkey’s territory. It
supplies water to Syria & Iraq region. But now under very stress due to
imbalam of in flow, out flow and less ingress of water to deeper aquifer.
4) Helmand River Basin
Both Afghan and Iranian farmers are dependent on the Helmand River
Basin for agricultural purposes. Now there is intervention of NATO(North
Atlantic Treaty Organization).it is a military alliance.
NATO

39. Other susceptive concerns
1. The River Columbia (conflict between Canada and the US).
2. The Colorado River (conflict between Mexico and the US).
3. The River Senepas (conflict between Ecuador and Peru).
4. The River Zambezi (conflict between Zambia, Zimbabwe and
Botswana).
5. The Jordan River (the conflict between Israel and Jordan).
6. The Mekong River (conflict between Cambodia, Laos,
Thailand and Vietnam).
7. Mahanadi & bansadhara water disputs(conflict between
Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh).

43. Five countries with greatest
water scarcity
a) Yemen
b) Libya
c) Jordan
d) The western Sahara
e) Djibouti

44.  Fresh water :- 1000 ppm
 Slight saline water :- 1000 to 3000 ppm
 Moderate saline water :-3000 to 10,000 ppm
 High Saline water (Sea water) :- 10,000 ppm to 35,000 ppm
 Desalination is very costly and requires high heat energy.
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
salinewater
slightsalinewater
moderate…
highsalinewater

45.  About 30% of the world irrigated area suffers from salinity problem and remediation
is seen to be very costly.
 Through desalination plant we convert about 28 million cubic meter of fresh water
per day but it is about 1.5% of the total world consumption.
 The most importance users of desalination plant are in middle east (mainly –Saudi
Arabia , Kuwait , U.A.E , Qatar , Bahrain ) these countries used 70% of world’s
capacity . In North America mainly Libya and Algeria which uses 6 % of world
capacity .

46. 1. c) khartoum 16. d) all of these
2. d) toilet washing 17. d) all of these
3. b) samule taylor celeridge 18. a) rain water tank
4. c) desert
5. a) papue new guinee
6. d) caldaricem
7. b) venezuela
8. d) perspiration
9. a) 97%
10. a) monteria
11. d) fresh water
12. c) australia
13. d) hamburger
14. d) a 3 star energy efficient inverter
15. a) use energy efficient appliance
19. b) On vegetable plants that
can be eaten raw
20. a) leak
21. d) 70
22. c) 85
23. c) 2000
24. d) 40 billion
25. a) 10-15 liters
26. c) 1 billion
27.d) 15 million